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Sons of Yagbe'u Seyon

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Five consecutive Emperors of Ethiopia from 1294 to 1299

Sons of Yagbe'u Seyon
Emperors of Ethiopia
Reign	1294–1299
Predecessor	Yagbe'u Seyon
Successor	Wedem Arad

Dynasty	House of Solomon
Father	Yagbe'u Seyon
Religion	Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo

Five men known assons of Yagbe'u Seyon ruled asEmperor of Ethiopia in succession between 1294 and 1299. Their names were:

Seyfa Ared (Amharic:ሰይፈ አርድ ፬ኛ) (1294–1295) (Throne name –Bahr Asgad^[1])
Hezba Asgad (Amharic:ሕዝበ አስግድ) (1295–1296)
Qedma Asgad (Amharic:ቅድመ አስግድ) (1296–1297)
Jin Asgad (Amharic:ጅን አስግድ) (1297–1298)
Saba Asgad (Amharic:ሳባ አስግድ) (1298–1299)

Though later tradition remembered them as sons ofYagbe'u Seyon, their actual relationship is not clear, though they did succeed him.

Reigns

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Yagbe'u Seyon's five successors ruled Ethiopia between his reign and that ofWedem Arad. Although all of the primary sources agree that Yagbe'u Seyon and Wedem Arad were sons ofYekuno Amlak, sources disagree about how the five Emperors who reigned between them are related. There are multiple different intrepretations:

BothJames Bruce and the traditions collected byAntoine d'Abbadie state that these were the sons of Yekuno Amlak.
The oldest surviving list of Ethiopian kings lists four of these five (omitting Saba Asgad) without any mention of their filial relationship.
A regnal list quoted byPedro Páez did not name these five monarchs directly, but simply stated that Yagbe'u Seyon was followed by two sons who reigned for three years in total, followed by three grandsons of Yagbe'u Seyon who reigned for two years in total.^[2]
TheGadla of SaintBasalota Mika’el states that Qedma Asgad was the son of Yekuno Amlak.^[3]

Historians disagree over the situation that his successors experienced.Paul B. Henze states that Yagbe'u Seyon could not decide which of his sons should inherit his kingdom, and instructed that each would rule in turn for a year.^[4] Taddesse Tamrat, on the other hand, records that his reign was followed by dynastic confusion, during which each of his sons held the throne.^[5]E.A. Wallis Budge adds the tradition that Jin Asgad initiated the use ofAmba Geshen as a royal prison for troublesome relatives of the Emperor, when he was forced to imprison his treacherous brother Saba Asgad; at the same time he imprisoned his other three brothers and his own sons in Amba Geshen.^[6]

Whatever the succession situation truly was, it came to an end when Wedem Arad seized the throne.

References

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^Stewart, John (2006).African States and Rulers (third ed.). London: McFarland & Company Inc. p. 93.
^Páez, Pedro (2008). Isabel Boavida; Hervé Pennec; Manuel João Ramos (eds.).História da Etiópia (in Portuguese). Assirio & Alvim. p. 109.
^Taddesse Tamrat, "The Abbots of Dabra Hayq, 1248-1535,"Journal of Ethiopian Studies,8 (1970), pp. 92f and notes
^Henze,Layers of Time, A History of Ethiopia (New York: Palgrave, 2000), p. 60.
^Taddesse Tamrat,Church and State in Ethiopia (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972), p. 72.
^Wallis Budge,A History of Ethiopia: Nubia and Abyssinia, 1928 (Oosterhout, the Netherlands: Anthropological Publications, 1970), p. 287. According toG.W.B. Huntingford, this information comes from the Jesuit historianPedro Páez, who was told this story by EmperorSusenyos (The Historical Geography of Ethiopia [London: The British Academy, 1989], p. 75).

Preceded by

Yagbe'u Seyon

Emperor of Ethiopia

Succeeded by

Wedem Arad

v t e Emperors of Ethiopia (list)
Family tree
Solomonic dynasty (1270–1632)	Yekuno Amlak Yagbe'u Seyon (Salomon I) Sons: Senfa Ared IV Hezba Asgad Qedma Asgad Jin Asgad Saba Asgad Wedem Arad Amda Seyon I Newaya Krestos Newaya Maryam Dawit I Tewodros I Yeshaq I Andreyas Takla Maryam Sarwe Iyasus Amda Iyasus Zara Yaqob (Kwestantinos I) Baeda Maryam I Eskender (Kwestantinos II) Amda Seyon II Na'od Dawit II Gelawdewos Menas Sarsa Dengel Yaqob Za Dengel Yaqob Susenyos I
Gondarine period (1632–1769)	Fasilides Yohannes I Iyasu the Great Tekle Haymanot I Tewoflos Yostos Dawit III Bakaffa Iyasu II Iyoas I
Era of the Princes (1769–1855)	Yohannes II Tekle Haymanot II Susenyos II Tekle Haymanot II Salomon II Tekle Giyorgis I Iyasu III Tekle Giyorgis I Hezqeyas Tekle Giyorgis I Baeda Maryam II Tekle Giyorgis I Salomon III Yonas Tekle Giyorgis I Salomon III Demetros Tekle Giyorgis I Demetros Egwale Seyon Iyoas II Gigar Baeda Maryam III Gigar Iyasu IV Gebre Krestos Sahle Dengel Gebre Krestos Sahle Dengel Yohannes III Sahle Dengel Yohannes III Sahle Dengel Yohannes III Sahle Dengel
Modern Ethiopia (1855–1975)	Tewodros II Tekle Giyorgis II Yohannes IV Menelik II Lij Iyasu¹ Zewditu Haile Selassie² Amha Selassie¹³
¹ Nevercrowned. ² Between1936–1941, Haile Selassie went into exile following theSecond Italo-Ethiopian War. During that time, the imperial title was claimed byItalian King Victor Emmanuel III. ³ Emperor-in-exile.

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