Sonipat district | |
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.svg) Location in Haryana | |
| Coordinates (Sonipat):29°N77°E / 29°N 77°E /29; 77 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Haryana |
| Division | Rohtak |
| Headquarters | Sonipat |
| Tehsils | 1. Sonipat, 2. Kharkhauda, 3. Gohana, 4. Gannaur |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,260 km2 (870 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 1,450,001 |
| • Density | 642/km2 (1,660/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 321,432 |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 73.71 |
| • Sex ratio | 937/1000 |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Major highways | NH-1 NH-71Eastern Peripheral Expressway,Western Peripheral ExpresswayNational Highway 334B (India)National Highway 44 (India) |
| Average annual precipitation | 624 mm |
| Lok Sabha constituencies | Sonipat |
| Vidhan Sabha constituencies | Ganaur, Rai, Kharkhauda, Sonipat, Gohana, Baroda |
| Website | sonipat |
Sonipat district is one of the 22districts of Haryanastate innorthern India.Sonipat town is the district headquarters. It is a part ofNational Capital Region. It is bordered byDelhi,Panipat,Rohtak,Jind,Jhajjar andBaghpat (Uttar Pradesh).
The district bordersunion territory of Delhi in south,Panipat District in the north,Jind District in the north-west,Uttar Pradeshstate in the east with theYamuna River acting as a border andRohtak District in the west.
The district is named after its administrative headquarters, Sonipat. Sonipat was earlier known asSonprastha, which later becameSwarnprastha (Golden City), which is derived from twoSanskrit words,Svarna (Gold) andPrastha (Place). Over a period of time, the classical nameSwarnprastha's pronunciation degraded intoSvarnpat, and then to its current form,Sonipat. The earliest reference of this city comes in the historical book ofMahabharata, and at that time, it was one of the five villages demanded by thePandavas in lieu of the kingdom ofHastinapur.
The one and only battle fought in Sonipat wasBattle of Sonipat. Dahiya Jats ofKhanda, Sonipat village witnessed theBattle of Sonipat againstMughals and won the battle under the leadership ofBanda Singh Bahadur.[1][2]
This district was carved out of the erstwhileRohtak district on 22 December 1972, with Sonipat as its headquarters.
Broadly speaking, the entire district is a part of the Punjab plain, but the area is not level in some parts. Over most of the district, the soil is fine loam of rich colour. However, some areas have sandy soil and others Kallar. The plain has a gradual slope to the south and east. The district may be roughly divided into three regions: The Khadar, the upland plain and the sandy region.
Along the River Yamuna which is a narrow flood plain ranging from 2 to 4 miles in width and is formed by the river along its course. The Khader plain is 20 to 30 ft. lower adjoining upland plain. The soil is fine clay loam left by the receding floods of the Yamuna. Farmers in the Khadar area cultivate rice and sugar cane. Recently, the farmers have started planting Banana, Pappaya and other fruits trees in this area.
It consists of Sonipat tehsil lying to the west of the Khadar, and is the most extensive of the three regions: The Upland Plain is covered with old alluvium, which if properly irrigated, is highly productive. There is extensive Farming of crops, oil seeds, horticultural plants, vegetables and flowers in this region. The ridges in Gohana tehsil represent the northernmost extension of the Aravallis.
A much smaller part of the district is covered with soil consisting of sand or sandy loam. Parts of this region have high PH values leading Kallor land.
The district comprises three sub-divisions:Ganaur,Sonipat, andGohana.
They are further divided in four tehsils:Ganaur,Sonipat,Kharkhoda andGohana. The tehsils of Kharkhoda and Sonipat fall under jurisdiction of Sonipat sub division, while tehsils of Ganaur and Gohana fall under the jurisdiction of their respective sub divisions. These are further divided into seven blocks: Ganaur,Sonipat, Rai,Kharkhoda, Gohana,Kathura and Mundlana.
The district comprises 343 villages, out of which 15 are uninhabited.
There are sixVidhan Sabha constituencies in this district, namely, Ganaur, Rai, Kharkhauda, Sonipat, Gohana and Baroda. All of these are part ofSonipat Lok Sabha constituency. The other three Vidhan Sabha constituencies which are part of Sonipat Lok Sabha constituency, namely, Julana, Safidon and Jind are inJind District.[3]
The district comprises a lonemunicipal corporation, Sonipat, and 3municipal committees:Ganaur,Gohana andKharkhoda.
The following villages are under the Sonipat district.
The district is one of the major education hubs in India. Apart from a number of schools and colleges, the district is home to many universities.Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology inMurthal was founded in 1987,Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Vishwavidyalaya in Sonipat was founded in 2006 andO. P. Jindal Global University near Rathdhana was founded in 2009.[4] Recently in 2012, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, NIFTEM, a world class institute was founded in Kundli which falls near Delhi border,SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Sonepat inRajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonipat near Delhi was founded in 2013.Haryna sports University is also would be constructed in the district as per the Act of state legislative Assembly also one of the country's premier Union of India sports institute namely SAI center is also located in sonipat.
Sonipat Junction Railway Station is located on theNorthern Railways' Ambala-Panipat-Delhi rail route. It lies on one of the most busiest railway line in North India that is Delhi - Chandigarh.[citation needed]. A number of passengers and express trains daily passes through it like Shatabadi Express, Shaan-e-Punjab, Malwa Express, Muri Express, Saryu Yamuna Express, Himalayan Queen, Sachkhand Express, Paschim Express, Kalka Mail, Jammu Mail, Unchahar Express, Amritsar Express, Jhelum Express, Tata Jat Express, Jan Shatabi, Shahid Express etc.In total, 64+ trains available from Sonipat daily.National Highway 1 andNational Highway 71A, NH 334B,NH 44,Western Peripheral Expressway andEastern Peripheral Expressway pass through this district.Government of India plans to make firstBus Port in the pattern of Airport in Sonipat.[5][6]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 330,208 | — |
| 1911 | 284,856 | −1.47% |
| 1921 | 307,091 | +0.75% |
| 1931 | 320,840 | +0.44% |
| 1941 | 379,798 | +1.70% |
| 1951 | 432,282 | +1.30% |
| 1961 | 546,873 | +2.38% |
| 1971 | 679,834 | +2.20% |
| 1981 | 839,298 | +2.13% |
| 1991 | 1,045,158 | +2.22% |
| 2001 | 1,279,175 | +2.04% |
| 2011 | 1,450,001 | +1.26% |
| source:[7] | ||
According to the2011 census Sonipat district has apopulation of 1,450,001,[8] roughly equal to the nation ofGabon[9] or the US state ofHawaii.[10] This gives it a ranking of 338th in India (out of a total of640).[8] The district has a population density of 697 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,810/sq mi) .[8] Itspopulation growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.71%.[8] Sonipat has asex ratio of 853females for every 1000 males,[8] and aliteracy rate of 80.8%. Scheduled Castes make up 18.62% of the population.[8]
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 95.87% | |||
| Islam | 3.11% | |||
| Other or not stated | 1.02% | |||
| Religion | Population (1941)[12]: 58 | Percentage (1941) |
|---|---|---|
Hinduism [b] | 176,709 | 81.81% |
Islam | 35,275 | 16.33% |
Christianity | 724 | 0.34% |
Sikhism | 613 | 0.28% |
| Others[c] | 2,687 | 1.24% |
| Total Population | 216,008 | 100% |
At the time of the2011 Census of India, 66.89% of the population in the district spokeHaryanvi, 30.15%Hindi and 1.24%Punjabi as their first language.[13]
Gabon 1,576,665
Hawaii 1,360,301
Places adjacent to Sonipat district | |
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Sonipat district topics | ||
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| Villages | ||
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| Lok Sabha constituencies | ||
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