| Total eclipse | |
 Map | |
| Gamma | −0.2837 |
|---|---|
| Magnitude | 1.0287 |
| Maximum eclipse | |
| Duration | 149 s (2 min 29 s) |
| Coordinates | 39°12′S35°12′E / 39.2°S 35.2°E /-39.2; 35.2 |
| Max. width of band | 102 km (63 mi) |
| Times (UTC) | |
| Greatest eclipse | 9:47:52 |
| References | |
| Saros | 142 (25 of 72) |
| Catalog # (SE5000) | 9634 |
A totalsolar eclipse will occur at the Moon'sdescending node of orbit on Friday, January 5, 2057,[1] with amagnitude of 1.0287. Asolar eclipse occurs when theMoon passes betweenEarth and theSun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon'sapparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.6 days afterperigee (on January 3, 2057, at 20:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.[2]
This eclipse andMay 20, 2050 are the next two total solar eclipses in which the Moon's shadow will trace a path that fails to hit land anywhere on Earth. Totality will begin 125 miles east ofBelmonte inBrazil, then traverse southeast through theAtlantic Ocean where it will miss theCape of Good Hope inSouth Africa by 250 miles, before winding northeast and concluding in theIndian Ocean 500 miles south ofJava island. However, a partial solar eclipse will be visible for parts of easternSouth America,Southern Africa,Antarctica,Southeast Asia, and westernAustralia.
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 2057 January 5 at 07:08:52.7 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 2057 January 5 at 08:06:59.9 UTC |
| First Central Line | 2057 January 5 at 08:07:21.4 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 2057 January 5 at 08:07:42.8 UTC |
| First Penumbral Internal Contact | 2057 January 5 at 09:10:27.5 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 2057 January 5 at 09:46:16.1 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 2057 January 5 at 09:47:23.0 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 2057 January 5 at 09:47:52.2 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 2057 January 5 at 09:50:49.8 UTC |
| Last Penumbral Internal Contact | 2057 January 5 at 10:25:16.8 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 2057 January 5 at 11:28:04.0 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 2057 January 5 at 11:28:23.7 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 2057 January 5 at 11:28:43.3 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 2057 January 5 at 12:26:55.7 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 1.02873 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 1.05829 |
| Gamma | −0.28370 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 19h07m25.3s |
| Sun Declination | -22°31'37.8" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'15.9" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.9" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 19h07m26.6s |
| Moon Declination | -22°48'43.6" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 16'27.8" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 1°00'25.4" |
| ΔT | 88.4 s |
This eclipse is part of aneclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by afortnight.
| December 22 Ascending node (full moon) | January 5 Descending node (new moon) |
|---|---|
 | |
| Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 116 | Total solar eclipse Solar Saros 142 |
This eclipse is a member of asemester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternatingnodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]
The partial solar eclipses onMarch 9, 2054 andSeptember 2, 2054 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipses onMay 22, 2058 andNovember 16, 2058 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 2054 to 2058 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascending node | Descending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
| 117 | August 3, 2054 Partial | −1.4941 | 122 | January 27, 2055 Partial | 1.155 | |
| 127 | July 24, 2055 Total | −0.8012 | 132 | January 16, 2056 Annular | 0.4199 | |
| 137 | July 12, 2056 Annular | −0.0426 | 142 | January 5, 2057 Total | −0.2837 | |
| 147 | July 1, 2057 Annular | 0.7455 | 152 | December 26, 2057 Total | −0.9405 | |
| 157 | June 21, 2058 Partial | 1.4869 | ||||
This eclipse is a part ofSaros series 142, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on April 17, 1624. It contains a hybrid eclipse on July 14, 1768, and total eclipses from July 25, 1786 through October 29, 2543. There are no annular eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on June 5, 2904. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is oneexeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 38 at 6 minutes, 34 seconds on May 28, 2291. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’sdescending node of orbit.[5]
| Series members 11–32 occur between 1801 and 2200: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 11 | 12 | 13 |
 August 5, 1804 |  August 16, 1822 |  August 27, 1840 |
| 14 | 15 | 16 |
 September 7, 1858 |  September 17, 1876 |  September 29, 1894 |
| 17 | 18 | 19 |
 October 10, 1912 |  October 21, 1930 |  November 1, 1948 |
| 20 | 21 | 22 |
 November 12, 1966 |  November 22, 1984 |  December 4, 2002 |
| 23 | 24 | 25 |
 December 14, 2020 |  December 26, 2038 | January 5, 2057 |
| 26 | 27 | 28 |
 January 16, 2075 |  January 27, 2093 |  February 8, 2111 |
| 29 | 30 | 31 |
 February 18, 2129 |  March 2, 2147 |  March 12, 2165 |
| 32 | ||
 March 23, 2183 | ||
Themetonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.
| 22 eclipse events between June 1, 2011 and October 24, 2098 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 31–June 1 | March 19–20 | January 5–6 | October 24–25 | August 12–13 |
| 118 | 120 | 122 | 124 | 126 |
 June 1, 2011 |  March 20, 2015 |  January 6, 2019 |  October 25, 2022 |  August 12, 2026 |
| 128 | 130 | 132 | 134 | 136 |
 June 1, 2030 |  March 20, 2034 |  January 5, 2038 |  October 25, 2041 |  August 12, 2045 |
| 138 | 140 | 142 | 144 | 146 |
 May 31, 2049 |  March 20, 2053 | January 5, 2057 |  October 24, 2060 |  August 12, 2064 |
| 148 | 150 | 152 | 154 | 156 |
 May 31, 2068 |  March 19, 2072 |  January 6, 2076 |  October 24, 2079 |  August 13, 2083 |
| 158 | 160 | 162 | 164 | |
 June 1, 2087 |  October 24, 2098 | |||
This eclipse is a part of atritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 December 21, 1805 (Saros 119) |  November 19, 1816 (Saros 120) |  October 20, 1827 (Saros 121) |  September 18, 1838 (Saros 122) |  August 18, 1849 (Saros 123) |
 July 18, 1860 (Saros 124) |  June 18, 1871 (Saros 125) |  May 17, 1882 (Saros 126) |  April 16, 1893 (Saros 127) |  March 17, 1904 (Saros 128) |
 February 14, 1915 (Saros 129) |  January 14, 1926 (Saros 130) |  December 13, 1936 (Saros 131) |  November 12, 1947 (Saros 132) |  October 12, 1958 (Saros 133) |
 September 11, 1969 (Saros 134) |  August 10, 1980 (Saros 135) |  July 11, 1991 (Saros 136) |  June 10, 2002 (Saros 137) |  May 10, 2013 (Saros 138) |
 April 8, 2024 (Saros 139) |  March 9, 2035 (Saros 140) |  February 5, 2046 (Saros 141) | January 5, 2057 (Saros 142) |  December 6, 2067 (Saros 143) |
 November 4, 2078 (Saros 144) |  October 4, 2089 (Saros 145) |  September 4, 2100 (Saros 146) |  August 4, 2111 (Saros 147) |  July 4, 2122 (Saros 148) |
 June 3, 2133 (Saros 149) |  May 3, 2144 (Saros 150) |  April 2, 2155 (Saros 151) |  March 2, 2166 (Saros 152) |  January 29, 2177 (Saros 153) |
 December 29, 2187 (Saros 154) |  November 28, 2198 (Saros 155) | |||
This eclipse is a part of the long periodinex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||
|---|---|---|
 June 16, 1825 (Saros 134) |  May 26, 1854 (Saros 135) |  May 6, 1883 (Saros 136) |
 April 17, 1912 (Saros 137) |  March 27, 1941 (Saros 138) |  March 7, 1970 (Saros 139) |
 February 16, 1999 (Saros 140) |  January 26, 2028 (Saros 141) | January 5, 2057 (Saros 142) |
 December 16, 2085 (Saros 143) |  November 27, 2114 (Saros 144) |  November 7, 2143 (Saros 145) |
 October 17, 2172 (Saros 146) | ||
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