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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name Sodium butanoate | |
| Other names Sodium butyrate | |
| Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.326 |
| UNII | |
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| Properties | |
| C4H7NaO2 | |
| Molar mass | 110.088 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Sodium butyrate is acompound with formula Na(C3H7COO). It is thesodiumsalt ofbutyric acid. It has various effects on cultured mammalian cells including inhibition ofproliferation, induction ofdifferentiation andinduction orrepression of gene expression.[1] As such, it can be used in lab to bring about any of these effects. Specifically, butyrate treatment of cells results in histone hyperacetylation, and butyrate itself inhibits class Ihistone deacetylase (HDAC) activity,[2] specificallyHDAC1,HDAC2,HDAC3, and butyrate can be used in determining histone deacetylene inchromatin structure and function.Inhibition ofHDAC activity is estimated to affect the expression of only 2% of mammalian genes.[3]
In the lab, sodium butyrate is usually found as a white, water-soluble, crystalline solid. The chemical is notable for having a very strong, unpleasant smell that lingers.[4] When working with sodium butyrate, gloves, eye protection and respiratory masks are advised for safety purposes.[5]
The compound is found in human diet, notably produced in large amounts fromdietary fiber in the gut and present in Parmesan cheese and butter.[6] Nevertheless, the most common source of sodium butyrate in the gut is from consumption oflegumes.[7]
