Deity associated with the sky
Jupiter , thesky father of Roman religion and mythology.Thesky often has important religious significance. Manypolytheistic religions havedeities associated with the sky.
The daytime sky deities are typically distinct from the nighttime ones.Stith Thompson 'sMotif-Index of Folk-Literature
Daytime gods and nighttime gods are frequently deities of an "upper world" or "celestial world" opposed to the earth and a "netherworld " (gods of the underworld are sometimes called "chthonic" deities).[ 1] Uranus was the primordial sky god, who was ultimately succeeded byZeus , who ruled the celestial realm atopMount Olympus . In contrast to the celestialOlympians was the chthonic deityHades , who ruled the underworld, andPoseidon , who ruled the sea.[ 2]
Any masculine sky god is often alsoking of the gods , taking the position ofpatriarch within apantheon . Such king gods are collectively categorized as "sky father " deities, with a polarity between sky and earth often being expressed by pairing a "sky father" god with an "earth mother " goddess (pairings of a skymother with an earthfather are less frequent). A main sky goddess is often the queen of the gods and may be an air/sky goddess in her own right, though she usually has other functions as well with "sky" not being her main. In antiquity, several sky goddesses in ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Near East were calledQueen of Heaven .
Gods may rule the sky as a pair (for example,ancient Semitic supreme godEl and the fertility goddessAsherah whom he was most likely paired with).[ 3]
Amun ,Ancient Egyptian god of creation and the windAnhur , Ancient Egyptian originally a foreign war godHathor , Ancient Egyptian originally a sky goddessHorus , Ancient Egyptian god of the sun, sky, kings, and warKhonsu , Ancient Egyptian moon godMehet-Weret , Ancient Egyptian goddess of the skyNut , Ancient Egyptian goddess of the skyRa , Ancient Egyptian god of the sun that ruled the sky, earth and underworldShu , Ancient Egyptian god of the airThoth , Ancient Egyptian original moon godDenka ,Dinka god of sky, rain and fertilityNyame ,Akan supreme deity, god of the skyOlorun ,Yoruba supreme deity, god of the sky and heavenShango ,Yoruba sky father and thunder godAmadioha ,Igbo thunder and lightning godOsalobua ,Benin supreme creator god and sky fatherWulbari ,Guang sky godAbasi (is for ever) Ibom enyon ,Ibibio People God, or the one who is forever; compound word, Kingdom of HighAchamán ,Guanche creator and sky godProto-Indo-European [ edit ] Latobius , sky and mountain god equated with the Greek gods Zeus and AresNuada , god of the sky, wind, and warSulis , goddess of the hot springs at Bath; probably originally the pan-Celtic sun goddessAmbisagrus ,Cisalpine god of rain, sky and hail equated to the Roman god JupiterTuireann ,Irish god of thunder and the sky,Gaulic nameTaranis .Nuit , goddess of "Infinite Space and Infinite Stars" inThelema Dagr , personification of dayEostre , spring and fertility goddess; originally the Germanic dawn goddessMēnô , the moonNótt , personification of nightSōwilō , the sunTeiwaz , early Germanic sky god, also the god of law, justice, and thething (assembly) Thor , God of Sky, Strength and thunder, champion of the deities. Equated with JupiterAether , primeval god of the upper airApollo , god of the sun, archery, prophecy, medicine, plagues...Artemis , goddess of the moon, hunt, virginity, childbirth...Astraeus , dusk godEos , dawn goddessHelios , personification/titan of the sunHemera , primordial goddess of dayHera , goddess of the air, marriage, women, women's fertility, childbirth, heirs, kings, and empiresIris , goddess of the rainbow and messenger of HeraNephele , cloud nymph in Hera's likenessNyx , primordial goddess of nightSelene , personification/titan of the moonUranus , primeval god of the skyZeus , king of the gods, ruler ofMount Olympus , god of the sky, weather, law, order, and civilizationAurora , dawn goddessCaelus , personification of the sky, equivalent to the GreekUranus Juno , goddess of the sky, queen of the gods, and Jupiter's wife, equivalent to the GreekHera Jupiter , king of heaven and god of the sky and weather, equivalent to the GreekZeus Luna , moon goddessNox, Roman version of Nyx, night goddess and mother of Discordia Sol , sun godSummanus , god of nocturnal thunder/lightningDazhbog (orSvarog ), god of the SunKhors , god of the MoonStribog , god of the winds, sky, and airPerun , god of the thunderstorms, lightning and sky.Triglav , a triple god whose three heads represent sky, earth, and underworldZorya , goddess of dawnThracian and Phrygian [ edit ] Asherah , sky goddess and consort of El; after the rise of Yahweh, she may have become Yahweh's consort before she was demonized and the Israelite religion became monotheisticBaalshamin , "Lord of the Heavens" (c.f. ArmenianBarsamin )El (god) , original sky god and sky father of the Semitic speakers (replaced by Yahweh among Israelites)Turkic and Mongolic [ edit ] Aditi , celestial mother of the godsChandra , god of the moonDyaus Pita , sky fatherIndra , king of the gods, associated with weatherRatri , goddess of nightSaranyu , goddess of cloudsSurya , god of the sunUshas , goddess of dawnVaruna , a sky godÔng Trời , sky god in Vietnamese indigenous religionÔng Tử Vi , king of the starsMẫu Cửu Trùng Thiên , she is the daughter of Ông Trời, the sister of the Mẫu Thượng Thiên, Mặt Trời, Mặt Trăng and also a goddess who rules the skyMẫu Thượng Thiên , she is the daughter of Ông Trời and also one of the rulers of the skyPháp Vân , cloud goddessThần Mặt Trời , goddess of the sun, daughter of Ông TrờiThần Mặt Trăng , goddess of the moon, daughter of Ông TrờiHằng Nga , the goddess who lives on the moon with uncleCuội andMoon Rabbit Yu Huang Dadi-Jade Emperor (center) Ziwei Dadi-polestar emperor (north) Changsheng Dadi-longevity emperor (south) Qinghua Dadi-azure-illustrious emperor (east) Taiji Tianhuang Dadi-ultimate heaven emperor (west) Chang'e , moon goddess who lives with themoon rabbit Shang Di , the celestial emperorTian or HeavenXihe (deity) , sun goddessZhinü , weaver of the cloudsXian tian Twenty Four Sky Emperors (Tiandi 天帝)
Six Tiandi of the North1. Bìfàn Xuánwú Tiandi 2. Bìkōng Zhēnjì Tiandi 3. Bìluó Yuánshǐ Tiandi 4. Bìgě Chéngkāi Tiandi 5. Bìyàn Zhūjǐng Tiandi 6. Bìhóng Xūkuàng Tiandi Six Tiandi of the South7. Bìzhēn Dòngyáng Tiandi 8. Bìyáo Jiànggōng Tiandi 9. Bìxiá Míngsù Tiandi 10. Bìwú Yàodòng Tiandi 11. Bìyùn Shǐtú Tiandi 12. Bìhào Zhēngxū Tiandi Six Tiandi of the West13. Bìshén Zhàozhì Tiandi 14. Bìchōng Zǐyào Tiandi 15. Bìgě Fànkōng Tiandi 16. Bìdòng Xiáyáng Tiandi 17. Bìhuá Kāilì Tiandi 18. Bìfàn Míngyáo Tiandi Six Tiandi of the North19. Bìguāng Hánhuá Tiandi 20. Bìyè Zhùyán Tiandi 21. Bìdān Huáqì Tiandi 22. Bìkuò Címíng Tiandi 23. Bìlà Gēyīn Tiandi 24. Bìxū Níngyáng Tiandi Twenty Eight Sky Emperors (Tiandi 天帝)
Seven Tiandi of the East1. Tàimíng Hùzhēn Tiandi 2. Juéfàn Tàilíng Tiandi 3. Húyuè Cuìxiù Tiandi 4. Zǐdān Míngchǔ Tiandi 5. Dòngxiá Yùzhēn Tiandi 6. Kōngxuán Lìshǔ Tiandi 7. Qiáotōng Zhūpǔ Tiandi Seven Tiandi of the South8. Yányú Zhēngshǐ Tiandi 9. Jīngwéi Xiāomíng Tiandi 10. Qìngfú Zīshàn Tiandi 11. Suíwén Xīdù Tiandi 12. Chángjī Lèwán Tiandi 13. Qíhuá Bùróng Tiandi 14. Gāolíng Dàiwú Tiandi Seven Tiandi of the West15. Zhōuyú Píngwú Tiandi 16. Jǐngyán Tàizhēn Tiandi 17. Lǜjǐng Shǔchén Tiandi 18. Niúluó Pǔshì Tiandi 19. Dìngliáng Huìzōng Tiandi 20. Zhàolíng Sūjì Tiandi 21. Jiǔwēi Dònghuáng Tiandi Seven Tiandi of the North22. Dìshū Guāngjìng Tiandi 23. Zǐyí Jìhuā Tiandi 24. Zhìdìng Yǔnlǐ Tiandi 25. Guāngfàn Jiùzhì Tiandi 26. Hǔ口 Zhēngbù Tiandi 27. Bàyān Wúyuán Tiandi 28. Dàomíng Húnxìng Tiandi Thirty Two Sky Emperors (Tiandi 天帝)
Eight Tiandi of the East1. Tàihuáng Huángzēng Tiandi 2. Tàimíng Yùwán Tiandi 3. Qīngmíng Hétóng Tiandi 4. Xuántāi Píngyù Tiandi 5. Yuánmíng Wénjǔ Tiandi 6. Qīyào Móyí Tiandi 7. Xūwú Yuèhéng Tiandi 8. Tàijí Méngyì Tiandi Eight Tiandi of the South9. Chìmíng Héyáng Tiandi 10. Xuánmíng Gōnghuá Tiandi 11. Yàomíng Zōngpiāo Tiandi 12. Zhúlà Huángjiā Tiandi 13. Xūmíng Tángyào Tiandi 14. Guànmíng Duānjìng Tiandi 15. Xuánmíng Gōngqìng Tiandi 16. Tàihuàn Jíyáo Tiandi Eight Tiandi of the West17. Yuánzǎi Kǒngshēng Tiandi 18. Tàiān Huángyá Tiandi 19. Xiǎndìng Jífēng Tiandi 20. Shǐhuáng Xiàománg Tiandi 21. Tàihuáng Wēngchóng Tiandi 22. Wúsī Jiāngyóu Tiandi 23. Shǎngshé Ruǎnlè Tiandi 24. Wújí Tánshì Tiandi Eight Tiandi of the North25. Hàotíng Xiāodù Tiandi 26. Yuāntōng Yuándòng Tiandi 27. Hànchǒng Miàochéng Tiandi 28. Xiùlè Jīnshǎng Tiandi 29. Wúshàng Chángróng Tiandi 30. Yùlóng Téngshèng Tiandi 31. Lóngbiàn Fàndù Tiandi 32.Píngyù Jiǎyì Tiandi Sixty Four Sky Emperors (Tiandi 天帝)
Sixteen Tiandi of the East1. Wǎnkōng Míngfàn Tiandi 2. Zǐyuán Bàwú Tiandi 3. Yānjǐng Yùxū Tiandi 4. Chōngzhēng Dòngjí Tiandi 5. Míngbiàn Yuánhuáng Tiandi 6. Lǐchóng Yuānxū Tiandi 7. Jiàozhēn Quánzhòng Tiandi 8. Qīngwēi Huángyǔ Tiandi 9. Jiùmíng wàngshì Tiandi 10. Yuèfǔ Wènshí Tiandi 11. Qìlíng Zhāopǔ Tiandi 12. Xuánxū Guāngfàn Tiandi 13. Shǎngjí Sìzhǒng Tiandi 14. Yìhuā Zhēngzhèn Tiandi 15. Gūshì Bāfàn Tiandi 16. Jiǔyán Yùdìng Tiandi Sixteen Tiandi of the South17. Dānmó Yìhuā Tiandi 18. Dòujiàn Xūyú Tiandi 19. Dìguāng Wújì Tiandi 20. Zhūlíng Yàoguāng Tiandi 21. Zǐjǐng Duànbái Tiandi 22. Jiàngxiān Táiyuán Tiandi 23. Shuǎngzhì Xièshēn Tiandi 24. Yùjiāng Sīchán Tiandi 25. Gūhóu Lìzhēn Tiandi 26. Gǔxuán Dàoyòng Tiandi 27. Lǐbù Míngwēi Tiandi 28. Shénlú Chāngyìng Tiandi 29. Dùzhēng Kèzōng Tiandi 30. Dàhuǒ Chìyī Tiandi 31. Qīngdì Dòngyáo Tiandi 32. Xuánchéng Bǎihuā Tiandi Sixteen Tiandi of the West33. Jīnlí Guāngqǐ Tiandi 34. Jíhuáng Xuányùn Tiandi 35. Zhōuyán Jìngpíng Tiandi 36. Bǎosòng Róngzī Tiandi 37. Qìngzhēn Měiyuán Tiandi 38. Zhàiwú Shénsì Tiandi 39. Gāojiàng Zhìhuá Tiandi 40. Dàoqī Yánjì Tiandi 41. Tónglì Dàochú Tiandi 42. Dǐngshén Huàwēi Tiandi 43. Tàiān Shùnjí Tiandi 44. Qióngxī Yàoxiān Tiandi 45. Zǐdū Yuèguǎng Tiandi 46. Cuīkāng Jiéshí Tiandi 47. Jìngbì Làmáng Tiandi 48. Pǔhǎi Dòngjī Tiandi Sixteen Tiandi of the North49. Yúsì Tǒngzhēn Tiandi 50. Hǔjiā Pīfāng Tiandi 51. Qiúyuān Làyú Tiandi 52. Jīnbái Zhēngjì Tiandi 53. Huánglì Kǒngxiū Tiandi 54. Yáoshū Jīnglíng Tiandi 55. Shényín Xiāodū Tiandi 56. Qìngzhāo Yuèfú Tiandi 57. Chēnmíng Chúkǔ Tiandi 58. Fēngxìn Kǎofú Tiandi 59. Zhèngrù Bàobù Tiandi 60. Gěnglěi Lìquán Tiandi 61. Guǐchǔ Shǐlè Tiandi 62. Língfù Hǎilún Tiandi 63. Shǎngjí Xiāotán Tiandi 64. Bìcháng Dòngyuán Tiandi Amaterasu , goddess of the sun and the universe, ancestor of the emperors of Japan, and the most important deity inShintoism .Amenominakanushi , heavenly ancestral god.Izanagi , creator of Japan andsky father .Izanami , creator goddess of Japan with her husband; starts off as a sky goddess, but after she dies becomes a death/underworld/chthonic goddess.Marici , Buddhist goddess of the heavens.Tsukuyomi , god of the moon and brother of Amaterasu.Chaska Coyllur , goddess of beauty, flowers and young maidens. Personification of planetVenus .Chuqui Chinchay , incarnation of various stars and meteorological phenomena.Coyllur , goddess of all the stars.Illapa , god of the sky, atmospheric phenomena and war.Inti , god of the Sun.Kon , god of the wind and rain.Kuychi , god of rainbows.Pachakamaq , creator and sustainer god of all the universe.Mama Killa , goddess of the Moon.Viracocha , heavenly father and god creator of all that exists.Anpao wichapi, the Morning Star spirit, bringer of knowledge and new beginnings Han, the spirit of night, representative of ignorance Wanbli Gleska, the Spotted Eagle spirit, usually regarded as Wakan Thanka Hanwi, the moon spirit of knowledge, feminine power, sometimes considered to be the wife ofWi Mahpiya Oyate, the Cloud People, also known as the Wichapi Oyate (Star People) Wohpe , the spirit of meteors or falling stars (often confused with Fallen Star), also the spirit of beauty, love, wishes, dreams, and prophecyWakinyan , thunder spirit usually taking the form of a birdWi , the sun spirit responsible for bringing light and wisdom to the Lakota oyateWichapi oyate, the Star People, each having respective powers however they usually represent knowledge to some degree Wichapi Hinhpaya, the Fallen Star, the son of Wichapi owáŋžila and Tapun Sa Win Wichapi owáŋžila, the Resting Star orPolaris , the widower of Tapun Sa Win (Red Cheeked Woman) Itanipuca, sky father and god of celestial bodies Icelca, god of time and seasons Yaya, supreme god inTaíno mythology Citlalincue , goddess of the Milky WayCipactonal , god of the daytimeOxomoco , goddess of nighttimeCentzonmimixcoa , 400 gods of the northern starsCentzonhuitznahua , 400 gods of the southern starsCoyolxauhqui , goddess of the MoonMeztli , goddess of the MoonTonatiuh , god of the SunTianquiztli , star goddesses (see thePleiades )Citlaltonac , god of male starsCitlalmina , goddess of female starsCitlaxonecuilli , goddess of Ursa MajorEototo ,Hopi headkachina and sky fatherAltjira ,Arrernte creator and sky god.Baiame , southeast Australian creator and sky god.Bila (sun) , cannibalistic sun goddess.Binbeal , god of rainbows.Bunjil ,Kulin creator and sky god.Daramulum , one-legged emu sky god.Numakulla , a pair of creator and sky gods.Rainbow Serpent , creator god in many Aboriginal cultures associated with water, rain, and rainbows, though it also has a chthonic connection.Ani , primordial god of the sky identified with the Greek Uranus and Roman CaelusTinia , god of the skyllanit: a group of Isnag sky dwellers who are helpful harvest spirits[ 4] Hepit , goddess of the skyTeshub , god of the sky and stormsSidaba Mapu , the sky god and the Supreme DeitySalailen (Soraren), father sky who help humans to build a civilisation Konthoujam Tampha Lairembi , queen of heavenKorouhanba , sky and sun godNongshaba , celestial dragon lionNongthang Leima , thunder and lightning goddessPakhangba , celestial dragon godTaoroinai , heavenly dragon godSajik (Arietis) Thaba (Musca) Thangching , ancestral God descended from the heavenKhongjom Nubi (Pleiades) Apaknga (Lunar mansions) Sachung Telheiba (A Orionis) Likla Saphaba (Orion) Chingcharoibi (G Geminorum) Chungshennubi (Cancer) Other Pacific Islanders [ edit ] Anshar , god of the skyAnu , king of the gods, associated with the sky, heaven, and constellationsEnlil , god of breath, air, and windUtu , god of the sunIlmari , godlike smith-hero and creator of the sky.Ilmatar , virgin spirit of the air[ 5] Ukko , supreme god of sky, weather, thunder, crops (harvest) and other natural things.[ 6] Perkele , associated with Ukko by some researchers. A name forDevil in Finnish.[ 7] [ 8] Taara ,Oeselian chief god of thunder and the skyKugu Jumo, chief god of the sky, creator of the world, associated with a duck Tõlze, god of the moon Piambar, daughter of the sky Shudyr-Shamich, god of the stars Uzhara, god of the dawn Värde-Škaj,Mokshan supreme god of the sky Niškepaz,Erzyan supreme god of the sky Kovava, Mokshan goddess of the moon Inmar ,Udmurt god of the heavensJenmar,Komi sky and chief god, creator of the world, associated with the moose Horagalles , Sami god of the sky, thunder and lightning, the rainbow, weather, oceans, lakes, human life, health and well-being.[ 9] Mano, god of the moon ^ Kearns, Emily (2011-12-15), "Chthonic Deities",The Homer Encyclopedia , Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd,doi :10.1002/9781444350302.wbhe0296 ,ISBN 978-1-4051-7768-9 But the word "chthonic" is usually taken to refer principally to what is under the earth. ^ Buckler, John (2015-12-22), "Helicon",Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Classics , Oxford University Press,doi :10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.2979 ,ISBN 978-0-19-938113-5 ^ El was identified with the obscure deityYahweh in early Hebrew religion, ultimately giving rise toHebrew monotheism by the 7th century BCE; according to theHebrew Bible it was 7th-century Judean kingJosiah who removed the statue of Asherah from the temple of Yahweh in Jerusalem. See alsoThe Hebrew Goddess ^ Vanoverbergh, M. (1941). The Isneg Farmer. Catholic Anthropologist Conference. Vol. III, No. 4. ^ The Kalevala: Epic of the Finnish People. Compiled by Elias Lönnrot. Translated by Eino Friberg (4th ed.). Otava Publishing Company. 1998.ISBN 951-1-10137-4 ^ Salo, Unto (1990).Agricola's Ukko in the light of archeology. A chronological and interpretative study of ancient Finnish religion: Old Norse and Finnish religions and cultic place-names . Turku.ISBN 951-649-695-4 {{cite book }}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )^ "Miten suomalaiset kiroilivat ennen kristinuskoa?" . Retrieved2015-12-27 .^ Siikala, Anna-Leena (2012).Itämerensuomalaisten mytologia . SKS. ^ Krohn, Kaarle (1906).Lappische Beiträge zur germanischen Mythologie . Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen 6.
