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InEast Asian Buddhism, theSix Guanyin (Chinese 六觀音 (traditional) / 六观音 (simplified),pinyin:Liù Guānyīn;Korean: 육관음,Yuk Gwaneum;Japanese: 六観音,Roku Kannon,Rokkannon;Vietnamese:Lục Quán Âm) is a grouping of six manifestations of thebodhisattvaAvalokiteśvara, known asGuanyin (Guanshiyin) in Chinese and Kannon (Kanzeon) in Japanese.
A list of six incarnations of thebodhisattvaAvalokiteśvara (Guanyin / Kannon) first appears in theMohe Zhiguan by theTiantai patriarchZhiyi (538–597 CE), where these are equated with the six syllables of thedhārāṇī contained in theDhārāṇī Sūtra of Invoking Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva to Dissipate Poison and Harm (請觀世音菩薩消伏毒害陀羅尼呪經;Taishō Tripitaka 1043[1]) and associated to each of thesix states of existence. These six, representing Avalokiteśvara's six qualities, are said to have the power to destroy the three kinds of obstacles (三障)[a] in these realms.[3][4][5][6]
A variant of this list was imported to Japan from China by theTendai monkEnchin (856–891). By the end of theHeian period, theShingon monk Ningai (仁海, 951–1046), claiming the authority of "earlier masters," associated the six incarnations of theMohe Zhiguan with sixesoteric forms of Avalokiteśvara:[6][7]
The Japanese Tendai school eventually adopted the new list, substitutingAmoghapāśa (不空羂索觀音,Bùkōng Juànsuǒ Guānyīn; Jp.Fukū Kensaku /Kenjaku Kannon) for Cundī.[b][6]
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| Buddhas 如来部 (Nyorai-bu) |  | |
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