Sitges | |
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 Sitges | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Nickname: Blanca Subur | |
 Location of Sitges | |
  Sitges  Sitges | |
| Coordinates:41°14′13″N1°49′23″E / 41.237°N 1.823°E /41.237; 1.823 | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Catalonia |
| Province | Barcelona |
| Comarca | Garraf |
| Judicial district | Vilanova i la Geltrú |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Aurora Carbonell i Abella (2019)[1] (Republican Left of Catalonia) |
| Area | |
• Total | 43.85 km2 (16.93 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 10 m (30 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 591 m (1,939 ft) |
| Population (2023)[3] | |
• Total | 32,086 |
| • Density | 730/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | sitgetà (m),sitgetana (f) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 08870 |
| Dialing code | 93 |
| Official languages | Catalan Spanish |
| Website | www |
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Sitges (Old Catalan for 'underground [grain] silos';Catalan pronunciation:[ˈsidʒəs],Spanish:[ˈsitʃes]) is a town about 35 kilometres southwest ofBarcelona, inCatalonia,Spain, renowned worldwide forits film festival,Carnival, andLGBT culture. Located between theGarraf Massif and theMediterranean Sea, it is known for its beaches, nightspots, and historical sites.
While the roots of Sitges' artistic reputation date back to the late 19th century, when painterSantiago Rusiñol took up residence there during the summer, the town became a centre for the 1960scounterculture in mainland Spain during theFrancoist regime, and became known as "Ibiza in miniature".
Today, the economy of Sitges is based on tourism and culture, offering more than 4,500 hotel beds, half of them in four-star hotels.[citation needed]
Sitges is agay-friendly destination with many establishments catering for theLGBT community and popular gay beaches.
Almost 35% of the approximately 26,000 permanent inhabitants are from the Netherlands, the UK, France, and Scandinavia, whose children attend international schools in the area. There are 17 beaches. Sitges was also the site of the annualBilderberg conference held in June 2010.
Sitges has been referred to as theSaint-Tropez of Spain,[4] with property prices approaching those of the most expensiveEuropean cities, the main reason for this being the setting by the sea and the surroundingGarraf Park [es;ca]. Proximity toBarcelona-El Prat Airport is also a major advantage.
The name of the town is simply the Catalan wordsitges, plural ofsitja, meaningsilos in English.[citation needed]
Human presence in the area dates to at least theNeolithic era, and anIberian settlement from the 4th century. In the 1st century BC, it included two separated villages, later absorbed by theRomans.
During theMiddle Ages, a castle was built in Sitges, owned by thebishopric of Barcelona, which later ceded it to countMir Geribert (1041). In the 12th century, the town fell under the rule of the Sitges family. The latter held it until 1308, when Agnes of Sitges sold the town toBernat de Fonollar, after whose death it went to the Pia Almoina, a charitable institution, to which it belonged until 1814.
Between the late-18th century and the early-20th, the history of Sitges was dominated by its close links with Spain's overseas territories, most importantly Cuba. Thousands of youngsters from Sitges settled inSantiago de Cuba,Guantánamo and other areas in Eastern Cuba. Most of them were employed in commerce, usually working for relatives already established in the island. Some of them thrived and created big firms, likeFacundo Bacardí, founder of RonBacardí, and Jaime Brugal, who later moved to the Dominican Republic and established RonBrugal. Some others, after having amassed a certain fortune, settled back in Sitges, generally living on rent or investing in sectores like wine or shoe making. These were known as "Americanos", known for their habit of planting palm trees in their Caribbean-looking houses, smoking Cuban cigars and rum drinking. Theamericanos left a huge legacy in Sitges which can still be seen in its architecture and the history of most local families.
After Spain lost its overseas territories as a result of theSpanish-American War in 1898, the migration flow from Sitges to Cuba continued, but most of the trade ended. As most of Catalan economy, Sitges found its biggest market in the rest of Spain. Shoe making shaped Sitges' economy during the first third of the 20th century. Sitges economy was mostly based on the production of wine until the late 19th century, when the first mechanized shoe factory in Spanish history was established in the town in 1874, starting a powerful shoe making sector which employed ca. 80% of local workers by the mid-20th century. The tourist boom of the 1960s ended the era of shoe making and made local economy essentially depending on tourism and services.
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Due to the wave of artists settling in the town in the wake ofSantiago Rusiñol, who established his studio (nowadaysMuseu del Cau Ferrat) wealthy families from Barcelona built summer residences in Sitges, especially in the garden city known as Terramar. Sitges acquired an international reputation and attracted celebrities. American businessman, art collector, and philanthropistCharles Deering held an important art collection in Sitges between 1910 and 1921, where he built the impressivePalau Maricel (Maricel Palace). Intellectuals like G. K.Chesterton, who visited the town in 1926 and 1935, or the German boxerMax Schmelling, who trained for his match againstPaulino Uzcudun inTerramar Hotel in 1934.
For most of theCivil War (1936-1939), Sitges was controlled by Republican forces, with the ensuingrepression against members of the Catholic Church and conservatives in general, until Franco's troops seized the town in January 1939 andrepressed the elites that had ruled the town during the Second Republic and the war.
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The British war journalist Henry Buckley (author ofThe Life and Death of the Spanish Republic, 1940) lived for a few months in Sitges during the conflict, marrying a local woman. He would eventually retire in the mid-1960s in the town, where he purchased a house and died in 1972.
In 1958, political leaders (Liberals andConservatives) from the country ofColombia met in Sitges and signed a peace treaty, the "Declaration of Sitges", instituting aconsociationalist democracy in Colombia and creating theNational Front.[5]
The municipality of Sitges is located in theGarrafcomarca. It is bordered to the north by the municipalities ofOlivella andBegues, to the west bySant Pere de Ribes andVilanova i la Geltrú, to the east byGavà andCastelldefels, and to the south by theMediterranean Sea.
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Places adjacent to Sitges | |
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For over a century, Sitges has celebrated Carnestoltes, orCarnival, between the months of February and March, according to the liturgical calendar. The festivities begin on Dijous Gras, or Fat Thursday, with King Carnestoltes' arrival. They continue until the burial of the sardine[citation needed] — late afternoon onAsh Wednesday.
Folk dances and xatonades (traditional local salad served with assorted omelets) are also characteristic carnival elements. The two most important moments are the Rua de la Disbauxa, or the Debauchery Parade, on Sunday night and the Rua de l'Extermini, or Extermination Parade, on Tuesday night. Around forty floats with more than 2,000 participants fill Sitges. Many people come from all around to see it, describing it as a favourite time of year because of the celebration.[citation needed]
Xató is Sitges' most typical dish. Its first recorded mention is in local newspaperEco de Sitges report onFat Thursday, published on 16 February 1896. The report refers to a meal that three days before had gathered together a selected group of Catalan artists and intellectuals, includingSantiago Rusiñol,Miquel Utrillo andGaietà Buigas. The name "xató" comes from an expression pronounced years before byCanudas, a member of the Rusiñol's group.[citation needed]
Malvasia is a delicate liquor wine served in Sitges, primarily with dessert. The name "malvasia" comes from the Peloponnesian portMonemvasía.[citation needed]
Sitges has 17 sand beaches. Four of them are in the east: the first one calledLes Botigues at the beginning of the coast, next to the beaches ofCastelldefels and the other three are following the coast of Garraf (Road C-31). One of them isGarraf village beach.[citation needed]
There are eleven beaches in the town and two to its west, which are difficult to access.[citation needed]
All the eastern and urban beaches have flags indicating the state of the sea and most of them have quality diplomas andblue flags awarded by theEuropean Union.[citation needed]
There are three main nudist beaches located in Sitges. One of which is Platja dels Balmins, the second nudist beach is Platja d'Aiguadolç, both of these beaches are populated by all members of the community. The third nudist beach is Playa del Muerto, which is more populated by the gay community. Platja dels Balmins and Platja d'Aiguadolç are located on the eastern side of Sitges while Playa del Muerto is located on the western side of Sitges and is more difficult to reach.[7]
There are six public Catalan primary schools in Sitges: Escola Agnès de Sitges, Escola Esteve Barrachina, Escola Maria Ossó, Escola Miquel Utrillo, Escola Pia Sitges, and the catholic Camp Joliu.
Private schools include the FrenchLycée Bel Air, and the EnglishRichmond International andThe Olive Tree School.
TheBritish School of Barcelona (BSB) also operates a campus in Sitges, providing education for primary (3-11 years), located in the upscale neighbourhood of Vallpineda.[8]
TheInstitute of the Arts Barcelona is an international leader in performing arts training and education college based out of Terramar.[9]
Sitges is one of the world's top leaders in the protection and advocating for equal rights for theLGBT community. It is often described as the gay capital of Europe, particularly in peak season of the summer months of May to September.[10]
With its spirit and vibrant urban atmosphere, Sitges has become one of the top gay holiday spots forLGBT tourists and is at the centre of gay European nightlife, including spas, shopping, and dining. A small but compact city, it contains a huge concentration of gay-friendly hotels, restaurants, shops, and over 20 gay bars.[10]
The key gay events are Carnival, Sitges Pride,[11] Bears Week, Festa Major, and Circuit Barcelona. (There is also a Sunway Sitges International Chess Festival.)
Sitges is part of the long history of motor racing inCatalonia. From 1908 to 1920, events were staged over public roads from Sitges toCanyelles toVilanova i la Geltrú, and fromMataró toVilassar de Mar andArgentona. In 1922 and 1923, theReal Moto Club de Catalunya ran thePenya Rhin Grand Prix over a 9-mile circuit around the town ofVilafranca del Penedès until it was replaced by a short lived purpose built circuit, the bankedAutódromo de Sitges-Terramar, which is still visible at41°14′18.35″N1°46′50.20″E / 41.2384306°N 1.7806111°E /41.2384306; 1.7806111.Albert Divo won the onlySpanish Grand Prix held at the banked Sitges Terramar driving aSunbeam.
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Passeig Isaac Albéniz, s/n 08870 Sitges Barcelona, Spain(This is visible by clicking the contact address information tabs at the footer of the page.)
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