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Sof passuk

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(Redirected fromSilluq)
Hebrew cantillation mark

Sof passuk
סוֹף פָּסוּק׃הָאָֽרֶץ׃
cantillation
Sof passuk׃ Paseq׀
Etnakhta/atnakh֑ Segol֒
Shalshelet֓ Zakef katan֔
Zakef gadol֕ Tifcha/tarkha֖
Rivia֗ Zarka֘
Pashta֙ Yetiv֚
Tevir֛ Geresh֜
Geresh muqdam [de]֝ Gershayim֞
Karne parah֟ Telisha gedola/talsha֠
Pazer֡ Atnah hafukh [de]֢
Munakh/shofar holekh֣ Mahpach֤
Merkha/ma’arikh֥ Mercha kefula֦
Darga֧ Qadma֨
Telisha qetana/tarsa֩ Yerah ben yomo֪
Ole֫ Illuy֬
Dehi [de]֭ Tsinnorit֮

Thesof passuk (Hebrew:סוֹף פָּסוּק,end of verse, also spelledsof pasuq and other variant English spellings. It is preceded by theסילוקsilluq in the last word of the verse) is thecantillation mark that occurs on the last word of every verse, orpassuk, in theTanakh. Some short verses contain only members of thesof passuk group.

Thesof passuk can be preceded by the marksmercha,tipcha, andmercha in that order, including either all or some of these. However, thesemerchot andtipchot do not necessarily have the same melody as those in theetnachta group.[1] Altogether, there are five possible arrangements how these can appear.[2]

Total occurrences

[edit]
BookNumber of appearances
Torah5,852[3]
   Genesis1,533[3]
   Exodus1,213[3]
   Leviticus859[3]
   Numbers1,288[3]
   Deuteronomy959[3]
Nevi'im4,975[4]
Ketuvim3,599[4]

Melody

[edit]

Different melodies are assigned to the trope for each section of the Hebrew Bible: The Torah, the Haftarah, and the Megillot. Different Jewish communities also use different Torah tropes. The following should not be considered an exhaustive list of all possible cantillations.[clarification needed]

Basic

[edit]

Appears at the end of a verse.

Sof parasha/sof hachelek

[edit]

Appears at the end of aparashah.

In the Ten Commandments

[edit]

There is controversy over the use of thesof passuk during the reading of theTen Commandments. There are two versions of the trope sounds for the Ten Commandments, one that divides them into 13 verses, based on the number ofsof passuk notes, and the other that divides them into ten verses, the actual number of commandments. It is for this reason that not all commandments actually have asof passuk at the end of their own names.[5]

Other versions

[edit]

Sof parasha

[edit]

The end of a single reading (aliya) which is chanted in a different melody, thereby giving the sound of finality to the reading.[6] The tune for the end of the aliya can be applied to different verses based on different reading schedules, including the full parasha (onShabbat duringShacharit in most synagogues), a partial reading (as is read on weekdays, ShabbatMincha, and the selected readings of various holidays), or theTriennial cycle.

Sof sefer

[edit]

At the conclusion to anysefer of the Torah, a special tune is used for the words"hazak hazak venithazek" after the reader finishes the book. These words are recited first by the congregation and then repeated by the reader.[7][8]

Unicode

[edit]
GlyphUnicode[9]Name׃׃U+05C3HEBREW PUNCTUATION SOF PASUQ

References

[edit]
  1. ^The Art of Cantillation, Volume 2: A Step-By-Step Guide to Chanting Haftarot, by Marshall Portnoy, Josée Wolff, page 15
  2. ^The Art of Cantillation, Volume 2: A Step-By-Step Guide to Chanting Haftarot, by Marshall Portnoy, Josée Wolff, page 16
  3. ^abcdefConcordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1, by James D. Price, page 6
  4. ^abConcordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1, by James D. Price, page 5
  5. ^Essays on the writings of Abraham ibn Ezra by Michael Friedländer, Abraham ben Meïr Ibn Ezra, pages 113-14
  6. ^Aspects of orality and formularity in Gregorian chant by Theodore Karp, page 25
  7. ^"Rabbinic Rambling: DVAR TORAH: Matot-Masei". 21 July 2006.
  8. ^Goldberg, Nechama D."Hazak, Hazak, v'Nithazak"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2015-09-06.
  9. ^Unicode Character 'HEBREW PUNCTUATION SOF PASUQ' (U+05C3)
Books that are read
Readings
Process
Equipment
Cantillation
Katan group
Etnachta group
Sof Passuk group
Segol group
Telisha group
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