Sof passuk | |||||||
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| |||||||
cantillation | |||||||
Sof passuk | ׃ | Paseq | ׀ | ||||
Etnakhta/atnakh | ֑ | Segol | ֒ | ||||
Shalshelet | ֓ | Zakef katan | ֔ | ||||
Zakef gadol | ֕ | Tifcha/tarkha | ֖ | ||||
Rivia | ֗ | Zarka | ֘ | ||||
Pashta | ֙ | Yetiv | ֚ | ||||
Tevir | ֛ | Geresh | ֜ | ||||
Geresh muqdam [de] | ֝ | Gershayim | ֞ | ||||
Karne parah | ֟ | Telisha gedola/talsha | ֠ | ||||
Pazer | ֡ | Atnah hafukh [de] | ֢ | ||||
Munakh/shofar holekh | ֣ | Mahpach | ֤ | ||||
Merkha/ma’arikh | ֥ | Mercha kefula | ֦ | ||||
Darga | ֧ | Qadma | ֨ | ||||
Telisha qetana/tarsa | ֩ | Yerah ben yomo | ֪ | ||||
Ole | ֫ | Illuy | ֬ | ||||
Dehi [de] | ֭ | Tsinnorit | ֮ | ||||
Thesof passuk (Hebrew:סוֹף פָּסוּק,end of verse, also spelledsof pasuq and other variant English spellings. It is preceded by theסילוקsilluq in the last word of the verse) is thecantillation mark that occurs on the last word of every verse, orpassuk, in theTanakh. Some short verses contain only members of thesof passuk group.
Thesof passuk can be preceded by the marksmercha,tipcha, andmercha in that order, including either all or some of these. However, thesemerchot andtipchot do not necessarily have the same melody as those in theetnachta group.[1] Altogether, there are five possible arrangements how these can appear.[2]
Book | Number of appearances |
---|---|
Torah | 5,852[3] |
Genesis | 1,533[3] |
Exodus | 1,213[3] |
Leviticus | 859[3] |
Numbers | 1,288[3] |
Deuteronomy | 959[3] |
Nevi'im | 4,975[4] |
Ketuvim | 3,599[4] |
Different melodies are assigned to the trope for each section of the Hebrew Bible: The Torah, the Haftarah, and the Megillot. Different Jewish communities also use different Torah tropes. The following should not be considered an exhaustive list of all possible cantillations.[clarification needed]
Appears at the end of a verse.
Appears at the end of aparashah.
There is controversy over the use of thesof passuk during the reading of theTen Commandments. There are two versions of the trope sounds for the Ten Commandments, one that divides them into 13 verses, based on the number ofsof passuk notes, and the other that divides them into ten verses, the actual number of commandments. It is for this reason that not all commandments actually have asof passuk at the end of their own names.[5]
The end of a single reading (aliya) which is chanted in a different melody, thereby giving the sound of finality to the reading.[6] The tune for the end of the aliya can be applied to different verses based on different reading schedules, including the full parasha (onShabbat duringShacharit in most synagogues), a partial reading (as is read on weekdays, ShabbatMincha, and the selected readings of various holidays), or theTriennial cycle.
At the conclusion to anysefer of the Torah, a special tune is used for the words"hazak hazak venithazek" after the reader finishes the book. These words are recited first by the congregation and then repeated by the reader.[7][8]
Glyph | Unicode[9] | Name | ׃ | ׃ | U+05C3 | HEBREW PUNCTUATION SOF PASUQ |
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