| Sigalegalephrynus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Bufonidae |
| Genus: | Sigalegalephrynus Smart, Sarker, Arifin, Harvey, Sidik, Hamidy, Kurniawan & Smith, 2017 |
| Species | |
See text | |
Sigalegalephrynus is a genus oftoads in the familyBufonidae.[1] Species are commonly known aspuppet toads.[2]
They areendemic to the mountains ofSumatra inIndonesia. They have both arboreal and troglodytic habits, being known from trees and rock hollows in montane habitats, includingstratovolcanoes such asSorikmarapi andMount Kunyit. The genus is named after thesi gale-gale, life-sized wooden puppets created by the indigenousToba Batak people, referencing their relatively large size, lanky build, long arms, and wood-brown coloration.[3]
The genus and its first two species were only described in 2017 (with the first individuals only discovered in 2014), with three more described in 2019. All species are microendemic to their localities and are threatened by habitat loss, and it has thus been recommended that all be classified asEndangered on theIUCN Red List.[3][4][5]
The following species are known:[2]
| Binomial name and author | Common name |
|---|---|
| Sigalegalephrynus burnitelongensisSarker, Wostl, Thammachoti, Sidik, Hamidy, Kurniawan, and Smith, 2019 | Burning Mountain puppet toad |
| Sigalegalephrynus gayoluesensisSarker, Wostl, Thammachoti, Sidik, Hamidy, Kurniawan, and Smith, 2019 | Gayo Lues Highland's puppet toad |
| Sigalegalephrynus harveyiSarker, Wostl, Thammachoti, Sidik, Hamidy, Kurniawan, and Smith, 2019 | Harvey's puppet toad |
| Sigalegalephrynus mandailinguensisSmart, Sarker, Arifin, Harvey, Sidik, Hamidy, Kurniawan, and Smith, 2017 | Mandailing puppet toad |
| Sigalegalephrynus minangkabauensisSmart, Sarker, Arifin, Harvey, Sidik, Hamidy, Kurniawan, and Smith, 2017 | Minangkabau puppet toad |