Siege of Oldenzaal (1597)
Part of theEighty Years' War and theAnglo–Spanish War
Siege of Oldenzaal in 1597
Date 20 to 23 October 1597 Location Oldenzaal Present day theNetherlands 52°18′45.00″N6°55′45.01″E / 52.3125000°N 6.9291694°E /52.3125000; 6.9291694 Result Dutch and English victory[1]
Belligerents
Dutch Republic England	Spanish Empire
Commanders and leaders
Maurice of Orange Horace Vere	Frederick Van Boymer
Strength
4,000 infantry & cavalry	400[2]
Casualties and losses
Low	All captured
class=notpageimage| Location within Netherlands Show map of Netherlands Siege of Oldenzaal (1597) (North Sea) Show map of North Sea

Thesiege of Oldenzaal was a short siege that took place during theEighty Years' War and theAnglo–Spanish War by a Dutch and English army led byMaurice of Orange of the city of Oldenzaal from 20 to 23 October 1597. The city surrendered to the overwhelming Dutch and English force. The siege was part of Maurice's campaign of 1597 known as theTen Glory Years, his highly successful offensive against the Spaniards.^[3]

In the year 1597 Maurice had launched an offensive and so far had had a very successful campaign in the east of the Netherlands. Earlier that year he had captured all the cities in the areaRheinberg,Meurs,Grol andBredevoort. The last two sieges were fierce and thecapture of Bredevoort even led to a sacking of the city. Maurice then moved on the city ofEnschede where the placesurrendered soon afterward.^[2]

Maurice then split his force in order to complete the simultaneous capture of the towns of Oldenzaal and Ootmasrum - Captain Van Duivenvoorde was sent with part of the army which included English and Scots underNicholas Parker from Enschede toOotmarsum whichalso surrendered. Maurice along with his cousin (and brother-in-law)William Louis meanwhile drew his portion of the army some 4,000 strong to Oldenzaal with the rest of the English troops underHorace Vere.^[4]

Since 1572 Oldenzaal had been in the hands of the Spaniards with the Catholic Church deeply rooted and every year a procession celebrated theBeggars being expelled from Oldenzaal. Oldenzaal's defenses consisted of a main wall surrounding the city, sixbastions, amoat, and an earthenrampart, however some of the work on rebuilding the defenses was left unfinished.^[5]

The city was defended by six companies of approximately 400 men under Governor Frederick Boymer. They only had one large gun at their disposal and could hardly do anything against the number of Maurice, who with his Dutch and English troops had encamped north of Oldenzaal.^[5]

The siege commenced soon after but the town replied with cannon andmatchlock causing some of the besiegers to run away from their incomplete siege works leaving thegabions unfilled.^[6] The setback was only temporary and the Spanish garrison, realizing they were outnumbered, began to negotiate terms with an honorable surrender. Terms were signed with the governor and the clergy and the Spanish garrison were thus allowed to leave forLingen with full honors and the following day Maurice marched his triumphant troops into the city.^[5]

After having seized Oldenzaal and Ootmarusm the forces rejoined and Maurice then marched to Lingen andcaptured that city as well, ending the highly successful campaign for the year. The conquests of Oldenzaal and Lingen were a great achievement for Maurice during this successful period, known as theTen Glory years and strengthened the eastern boundaries of the Republic.^[2][7]

In 1605Ambrogio Spinolacaptured the city for Spain but it was regained again in 1626 byFrederick Henry and stayed permanently in Dutch hands.^[8]

• List of stadtholders in the Low Countries
• List of governors of the Spanish Netherlands
• Capture of Enschede (1597)
• Siege of Groenlo (1597)

• Israel, Jonathan. (1997).Conflicts of Empires: Spain, the Low Countries and the Struggle for World Supremacy, 1585-1713. Continuum.ISBN 9780826435538.
• Motley, John Lothrop.History of the United Netherlands: from the death of William the Silent to the Synod of Dort, with a full view of the English-Dutch struggle against Spain, and of the origin and destruction of the Spanish armada (Volume 3). New York, Harper.
• Naphy, William G. (2011).The Protestant Revolution: From Martin Luther to Martin Luther King Jr. Random House.ISBN 9781446416891.
• van Nimwegen, Olaf (2010).The Dutch Army and the Military Revolutions, 1588-1688 Volume 31 of Warfare in History Series. Boydell & Brewer.ISBN 9781843835752.
• J.Wagenaar et al. (1753):Vaderlandsche Historie, Vervattende Geschiedenislessen der Vereenigde Nederlanden, in Zonderheid die van Holland, van de Vroegste Tyden af - Achtste Deel Amsterdam:Isaak Tirion (Dutch)

• Conflicts in 1597
• 1597 in the Dutch Republic
• 1590s in the Habsburg Netherlands
• 16th-century military history of the Kingdom of England
• 16th-century military history of Spain
• Battles of the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
• Eighty Years' War (1566–1609)
• Sieges of the Eighty Years' War
• Sieges involving the Dutch Republic
• Sieges involving England
• Sieges involving Spain
• History of Overijssel
• Oldenzaal

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