Located 9 miles (14 km) east of theEngland–Wales border, Shrewsbury serves as the commercial centre for Shropshire and parts of mid-Wales, with a retail output of over £299 million per year and light industry and distribution centres, such asBattlefield Enterprise Park, on the outskirts. TheA5 andA49trunk roads come together as the town's by-pass and five railway lines meet atShrewsbury railway station.
InOld English the settlement was known asScrobbesburh (dativeScrobbesbyrig), which may mean either "Scrobb's fort" or "the fortified place in the bushes" (or "shrubs", the modern derivate).[11] This name gradually evolved in three directions, intoSciropscire, which becameShropshire; intoSloppesberie, which becameSalop /Salopia (an alternative name for both town and county), and intoSchrosberie, which eventually became the town's name, Shrewsbury.[12]
Evidence ofNeolithic occupation of a religious form dating back before 2,000 BC, was discovered in 2017 in the grounds of the medieval Church of the Holy Fathers inSutton Farm, making it Britain's oldest place of worship.[15] An EarlyBronze Age urned burial was excavated at Crowmeole in 2015.[16] AnIron Age doublering ditch has been excavated atMeole Brace. Amongst other finds, parts of an iron age sword and scabbard were recovered.[17][18]
At Meole Brace, an extensive roadside settlement along the line of the Roman military road connectingViroconium Cornoviorum andCaersws was uncovered,[19] with evidence of trading ofamphorae andmortaria.[20] A major discovery was the finding of theShrewsbury Hoard of more than 9000 Roman coins in a field near the town in 2009.[21][22]
It has been said in Parliament that the town was founded by the late 600s,[23] but prior to the late 8th century, there are limited written records. There is a tradition that the town was "founded in the 5th century, on occasion of the decay of the RomanUriconium." Historian John Wacher suggests that Shrewsbury may have been refortified by refugees fleeing an outbreak of a plague in Viroconium around this time.[24]
It is claimed thatPengwern, sometime capital of theKingdom of Powis (itself established by the 440s), was at Shrewsbury.[25] The first attested association of Pengwern with Shrewsbury is mentioned byGiraldus Cambrensis in the 12th century. Alternative suggestions as to the location of Pengwern includeWhittington Castle nearOswestry,[26] and Berth, a hillfort nearBaschurch. TheHistoria Divae Monacellae, composed in the 14th or 15th century, says thatBrochwel Ysgithrog, the 6th-century king of Powis, had a palace at Shrewsbury that became the site of the foundation of St Chad.[27]
In the late 8th century, it is said thatOffa took the town for theMercians in 778,[28][a] and he is associated by some sources with establishing the town's first church and dedicating it toSt Chad.[30] If so, then there may have been an ecclesiastical foundation in the town within a century of the death ofChad of Mercia.[31]
By the beginning of the 10th century, Shrewsbury was home to three moneyers who had permission to operate amint in the town, using dies supplied by the royal government.[32][33]
In 914,[34][b]Æthelflæd, daughter ofAlfred the Great and known as the Lady of the Mercians, fortified Shrewsbury, along withHereford and two other fortresses, atScergeat (a currently unknown location) andWeardbyrig (thought to beWhitchurch,[36] which would make sense given the strategic importance of the Roman Road link via theVia Devana). Viking raiders from the north were reaching as far south asBridgnorth by 910.[36]
Some time before 918,[37] the relics ofSt Alkmund were translated to the town fromDerby, this was probably the work of Æthelflæd.[38] Later,King Edgar (957–75) established a colligate church[39] with a dean and 10 prebendaries at St Alkmund's Church, it was aRoyal peculiar, and subsequently, it became the property ofLilleshall Abbey in about 1145, the relics were retranslated back to Derby.[40]
Roger de Montgomery was given the town as a gift fromWilliam the Conqueror and took the title of Earl of Shrewsbury. He builtShrewsbury Castle at around 1074,[7] though archaeological excavations at the site of Shrewsbury castle in 2019 have indicated that the location may have been a fortified site in the time of the Anglo-Saxons.[41]
The town's position just off Watling Street placed it within theForest of Arden, a thickly wooded area, unpenetrated by Roman roads and somewhat dangerous in medieval times, so that travellers would pray atCoughton before entering.[43]
In 1102,Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury was deposed and the title forfeited, as a consequence of him rebelling againstHenry I and joining theDuke of Normandy's invasion of England in 1101.William Pantulf, Lord ofWem, assisted Henry in putting down the rebellion. To deal with the thickly wooded local forests, ideal for the concealment of archers, Pantulf brought in 6,000 foot soldiers to cut down trees and open up the roads.[44][12] Henry subsequently took the government of the town into his own hands and in 1116 the nobility of England did homage toWilliam Ætheling, Henry’s son, at Shrewsbury, and swore allegiance to his father.[45] The early death of William Ætheling without issue led to the succession crisis, known in history asthe Anarchy, and during this period, in 1138,King Stephen successfully besieged the town's castle held byWilliam FitzAlan for theEmpress Maud.[46]
Part of the prologue of a life of St Winifred byRobert of Shrewsbury (Bodleian Mss. Laud c.94.)
In 1138, the relics ofSt Winifred were brought to Shrewsbury fromGwytheryn,[47] following their purchase by theAbbot of Shrewsbury, the abbey being ready for consecration but having no relics prior to that time.[48] The popularity of St Winifred grew in the 14th and 15th centuries and a new shrine for her relics was built in the late 1300s. Around this time the abbey illegally acquired the relics ofSt Beuno, uncle of St Winifred, by stealing them. As a result the abbey was fined but allowed to keep the relics.[49]
From 1155, during the reign ofHenry II, there was a leper hospital dedicated to St Giles and associated with Shrewsbury Abbey. From the 1220s, there was also a general hospital dedicated to St John the Baptist.[50]
In 1283,Edward I (whose military campaigns in Wales frequently brought him to Shropshire) summoned a parliament in Shrewsbury, later adjourned toActon Burnell,[52] to try and condemnDafydd ap Gruffydd, last of the native Princes of Wales, to execution by hanging, drawing and quartering within the town after Dafydd was captured, ending his rebellion against the king.[53] It is thought this parliament met in the Abbey.[30] This is often considered to be the first Parliament at which commoners were represented.[54]
Shrewsbury was devastated by theBlack Death, which, records suggest, arrived in the spring of 1349.[55] Examining the number of local churchbenefices falling vacant due to death, 1349 alone saw twice as many vacancies as the previous ten years combined, suggesting a high death toll in Shrewsbury.[56]
"The Great Fire of Shrewsbury" took place in 1394: St Chad's church was consumed by an accidental fire, which spread to a great portion of the town, then chiefly consisting of timber houses with thatched roofs. The damage was so considerable thatRichard II remitted the town's taxes for three years towards the repairs.[30]
In 1398,Richard II summoned a Great Parliament in the town, which is believed to have met in the Abbey,[30] dubbed the "Revenge Parliament," this Parliament originally met in Westminster but was prorogued to Shrewsbury[57] (he publicly proclaimed it an act of affection for the people of Shropshire) and was a turning point in Richard II's reign,[58] and sowed the seeds of his eventual downfall.[59] This national drama played out against a backdrop of local controversy, as Shrewsbury itself grappled with its own internal power struggles and grievances against its ruling elite.[60]
In 1403, theBattle of Shrewsbury was fought atBattlefield, a few miles north of the town centre, between KingHenry IV andHenry Percy (Hotspur), with the king emerging victorious.[61] Hotspur's body was taken byThomas Neville, toWhitchurch, for burial. However, when rumours circulated that Percy was still alive, the king "had the corpse exhumed and displayed it, propped upright between two millstones, in the market place at Shrewsbury".[62] That being done, Percy was subjected toposthumous execution.[63]
The Two Princes Edward and Richard in the Tower, 1483 by SirJohn Everett Millais
In 1485, ahead of theBattle of Bosworth Field,Henry Tudor, while not yet king, marched his forces on a route that lay through Shrewsbury. He was initially denied access to the town, but on intervention by a member of the Stanley family he was admitted.[65][66] Thomas Mytton, the Bailiff of the town, a supporter ofRichard III, had vowed that the only way he would get through was "over his dead body". Thomas then lay down and allowed Henry to step over him, to free himself from his oath.[67] Henry was accommodated in the building now known as Henry Tudor House on Wyle Cop.[68]
In 1490, Henry VII, accompanied by hisqueen and his son,Prince Arthur, celebrated the feast of St George in the town.[30] The town is recorded as having entertained Henry again in 1496, with attendants lodged in the Sextry of Old St Chads;[30] more generally it is said of Henry VII's relations with the town that:
The intercourse which had begun thus favourably was kept up in after years by Henry, who, with his queen and son, frequently visited this town, upon which occasions they were feasted by the Bailiffs in a most royal and hospitable manner.[30]
Shrewsbury's monastic institutions were disbanded with theDissolution of the Monasteries and the Abbey was closed in 1540.Henry VIII intended to make Shrewsbury one of his 13 newbishoprics (serving Shropshire andStaffordshire) and hence a cathedral city, after the formation of theChurch of England but the citizens of the town declined the offer, which is the point of origin of the term "Proud Salopians": the town leadership preferring to be the most senior town in the country and not the most junior city.[30][c]
As a consequence of the dissolution, the monastic hospitals were closed and the incomes from their endowments were transferred to secular owners. St Giles's leper hospital passed to the Prince family, who were succeeded by their descendants theEarls of Tankerville. St John the Baptist hospital passed to the Wood family and became almshouses.[50] At this time the shrine and relics of St Winifred were destroyed.[48]
TheCouncil of Wales and the Marches was established during the 1470s by Edward IV with a headquarters in the town.[69] Its buildings partly survive near the castle and were later adapted to be an episcopal palace,[70] the council also met atLudlow Castle.
Gate house of the council headquarters in the town
Its functions were interpreted widely. It was to hear all suits, civil and criminal, which were brought by individuals too poor to sue at common law; it was to try all cases of murder, felony, piracy, wrecking and such crimes as were likely to disturb the peace; it was to investigate charges of misgovernment by officials and the false verdicts of juries; it was to enforce the laws against livery and maintenance, to punish rumour mongers and adulterers, and to deal with disputes concerning enclosures, villein service and manorial questions; it heard appeals from the common law courts; and it was responsible for administering the legislation dealing with religion.[72] According to historianJohn Davies, at its peak in the mid-16th century, the Council:
represented a remarkable experiment in regional government. It administered the law cheaply and rapidly; it dealt with up to twenty cases a day andGeorge Owen stated that the 'oppressed poor' flocked to it.[73]
Dr John Caius
In 1551, there was a notable outbreak of sweating sickness in the town, whichDr John Caius was in the town to attend to at the command of the council.[74] The following year, after his return to London, Caius publishedA Boke or Counseill Against the Disease Commonly Called the Sweate, or Sweatyng Sicknesse. The president of the council was the dedicatee of the book and the dedicatory epistle explains his appointment. This text became the main source of knowledge of this disease, now understood to beinfluenza.[75]
In 1581, Sir Henry Sidney, celebrated the feast of St George, on 23 April, in this town, with great splendour: a solemn procession went from the Council House to St Chad’s Church, the choir of which was fitted up in imitation ofSt George's Chapel, Windsor Castle with the stalls decorated with the arms of theKnights of the Garter; on the conclusion of divine service Sir Henry devoted the afternoon to feasting the burgesses.[30]
Shrewsbury thrived throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, a period when the town was at the height of its commercial importance. This success was largely due to the town's location, which allowed it to control the Welshwool trade, a major industry at the time, with the rest of Britain and Europe, with the River Severn andWatling Street acting as trading routes.[76] This trade was dominated by theShrewsbury Drapers Company for many years.[77] As a result, a number of grand edifices, including the Ireland's Mansion (built 1575) and Draper's Hall (1658), were constructed.
It was in this period thatEdward VI gave permission for the foundation of a free school, which was later to becomeShrewsbury School.[78] Later,William Camden, in hisBritannia (begun 1577), remarked of the town that "Shrewsbury is inhabited both by Welsh and English, who speak each other's language; and among other things greatly to their praise is the grammar school founded by them, the best filled in all England, whose flourishing state is owing to provision made by its head master, the excellent and worthyThomas Ashton", the school's first head master.[79]
Prince Rupert established his headquarters in the town on 18 February 1644, being welcomed by Shrewsbury's aldermen. He was billeted in a building then the home of the family ofThomas Jones[82] in the precincts of what is now the Prince Rupert Hotel.[83]
Shrewsbury only fell to Parliament forces after they were let in by a parliamentarian sympathiser at the St Mary's Water Gate (now also known as Traitor's Gate).[84] AfterThomas Mytton captured Shrewsbury in February 1645; in following with theordnance of no quarter; a dozenIrish prisoners were selected to be killed after picking lots.[85][86] This prompted Rupert to respond by executing Parliamentarian prisoners inOswestry.[87]
By the 18th century, Shrewsbury had become an important market town and stopping point for stagecoaches travelling between London andHolyhead with passengers on their way to Ireland; this led to the establishment of a number of coaching inns, many of which, such as the Lion Hotel, are extant to this day.
The former Shire Hall (since demolished) and Old Market Hall, 1796
A town hall was built in the Market Place on the site of an ancient guildhall in 1730;[88] it was demolished and a newcombined guildhall and shirehall was erected on the site in 1837.[89]
Local soldier and statesmanRobert Clive served as the town's mayor in 1762 and was Shrewsbury's MP from 1762 until his death in 1774.[90]
St Chad's Church collapsed in 1788 after attempts to expand the crypt compromised the structural integrity of the tower above. Now known as Old St Chad's, the remains of the church building and its churchyard are on the corner of Princess Street, College Hill and Belmont. A newSt Chad's Church was built just four years after the collapse, but as a large neo-classical round church and in a different and more elevated location, at the top of Claremont Hill close to the Quarry.[33]
In the period directly afterNapoleon's surrender after theBattle of Waterloo, the town's own53rd (Shropshire) Regiment of Foot was sent to guard him in his exile onSt Helena. A locket containing a lock of the emperor's hair, presented to an officer of the 53rd, remains to this day in the collections of the Soldiers of Shropshire Museum at Shrewsbury Castle.[92]
Shrewsbury's Georgian prison
HM Prison Shrewsbury, when new in the Georgian period, was considered a national example of improved conditions and more enlightened penal policy. Times change and a 2005 report on prison population found that it was the most overcrowded inEngland and Wales, despite a major expansion in Victorian times.[93] The prison, which was also known as the Dana because it was built near the site of the medieval Dana gaol, was closed in 2013 and then sold by theMinistry of Justice to private property developers in 2014.[94]
In 1821, the county purchased a building in College Hill which was adapted to become the judge's lodgings, providing accommodation for the judges and their retinue during their attendance at theAssizes.[30]
The town suffered very little from air raids in theSecond World War; the worst case was in 1940, when a woman and her two grandchildren were killed when a cottage was destroyed on Ellesmere Road, the only local air raid deaths.[95] Therefore, many of its ancient buildings remain intact and there was little redevelopment in the 1960s and 1970s. However, some historic buildings were demolished to make way for thebrutalist architectural style of the 1960s, though the town was saved from a new inner ring road due to its challenging geography.[96] A notable example of 1960s/70s construction in Shrewsbury was Telecom House on Smithfield Road, demolished in the 2000s.[97]
Between 1962 and 1992 there was a hardenednuclear bunker, built forNo 16 Group Royal Observer Corps Shrewsbury, who provided the field force of theUnited Kingdom Warning and Monitoring Organisation and would have sounded thefour-minute warning alarm in the event of war and warned the population of Shrewsbury in the event of approaching radioactive fallout.[98] The building was staffed by up to 120 volunteers who trained on a weekly basis. After the breakup of the communist bloc in 1989, the Royal Observer Corps was disbanded between September 1991 and December 1995. However, the nuclear bunker still stands just inside Holywell Street near the Abbey as a lasting reminder of the Cold War, but is now converted and used as a veterinary practice.[99]
The town was targeted by theIRA in 1992. One bomb was detonated at Shrewsbury Castle, causing severe damage to the regimental museum of theShropshire Light Infantry,[100] estimated to be in the region of £250,000 and many artefacts were lost. A second bomb, detonated in theDarwin Shopping Centre, was put out by the sprinkler system before any major damage was caused. Finally, a third bomb was discovered elsewhere in the town centre but failed to do any serious damage.[101]
Flooding in Shrewsbury (2000)
From the late 1990s, the town experiencedsevere flooding problems from the Severn andRea Brook. In the autumn of 2000 large swathes of the town were underwater, notablyFrankwell, which flooded three times in six weeks.[102] The Frankwell flood defences were completed in 2003, along with the new offices ofShrewsbury and Atcham Borough Council. More recently, such as in 2005 and 2007 but not2020, flooding has been less severe and the defences have generally held back floodwaters from the town centre areas. However, the town car parks are often left to be flooded in the winter, which reduces trade in the town, most evidenced in the run up to Christmas in 2007.[103]
Shrewsbury won theWest Midlands Capital of Enterprise award in 2004.[104] The town has two large expanding business parks,Shrewsbury Business Park by the A5 in the southeast andBattlefield Enterprise Park in the north. There are many residential developments currently under construction in the town to cater for the increasing numbers of people wishing to live in the town, which is a popular place to commute toTelford,Wolverhampton andBirmingham from.[105]
In 2009Shrewsbury Town Council was formed and the town's traditional coat of arms was returned to everyday use.[106]
In 2021 the lost seal of the town, dating from 1425, was discovered.[107]
The Borough of Shrewsbury's first charter was granted byHenry I allowing the collection of rents.Richard I granted another early charter in 1189. Further charters were granted in 1199John, 1495,Henry VII, 1638,Charles I and 1685,James II. In 1974 a charter fromElizabeth II incorporated the Borough of Shrewsbury and Atcham, under the auspices of which the town remained until 2009.[108]
Shrewsbury is the administrative centre for theShropshire Council, theunitary authority formed in 2009 and covering most of Shropshire (but excluding the Borough ofTelford and Wrekin, a separate unitary authority area). Shropshire Council have their headquarters at theShirehall, on Abbey Foregate.[109]
The changing political make-up of the town council – * = by-election
Until 2009, Shrewsbury was anunparished area with neither town or parish council. Instead, the mayor ofShrewsbury and Atcham, based inthe Guildhall in Dogpole,[112] was also the mayor of the town. However, as part of wider changes to local government in Shropshire, the town wasparished on 13 May 2008, with a single parish created covering the entire town and previously unparished area. At the time of creation, Shrewsbury was thesecond-most populous civil parish in England, though further creations of large town councils mean it is now the fourth. The area of the parish is 3,799 hectares (9,390 acres).
The town council first convened on 1 April 2009 and its chair is the mayor of Shrewsbury. For the interim period before the first elections, the existing county councillors who represented electoral divisions covering Shrewsbury were the town councillors. On 4 June 2009, the first election was held to the town council, with councillors elected from 17 single-member wards coterminous withShropshire Council electoral divisions.
The political make-up of the town council, as of the2021 local elections, sees Labour as the largest party with 7 seats, the Liberal Democrats with 6, the Conservatives with 2 and the Green Party with 2.
The town council was based at the Guildhall on Frankwell Quay, a facility which had originally been built in 2004 as the headquarters of Shrewsbury and Atcham Borough Council; however the town council moved to Riggs Hall in 2017.[113] Riggs Hall is one of the original buildings on the former site of Shrewsbury School on Castle Gates.[114] Since 2023, the town council have their offices at Livesey House, on St John's Hill and the council itself meets in the Shirehall.[115]
The coat of arms of the former Shrewsbury Borough Council and now of the Town Council, depicts three loggerheads (leopards), with the mottoFloreat Salopia, a Latin phrase that can be translated to "May Shrewsbury Flourish".[116][117] The coat of arms of the (now abolished) Shrewsbury and Atcham Borough Council was Shrewsbury's shield with the addition ofAtcham Bridge running above the leopards. Theflag of Shropshire, and other county crests, also uses the three loggerheads.
Shrewsbury was twinned withZutphen, Netherlands from 1977[118] until 2018.[119] TheRoyal Navy submarine,HMS Talent, decommissioned in 2022, was affiliated with Shrewsbury.[120]
Shrewsbury is about 14 miles (23 km) west of Telford, 43 miles (69 km) west ofBirmingham and theWest Midlands conurbation and about 153 miles (246 km) north-west of the capital,London. More locally, the town is to the east ofWelshpool, withBridgnorth andKidderminster to the south-east. The border withWales is 9 miles (14 km) to the west.
The town centre is partially built on a hill whose elevation is, at its highest, 246 feet (75 m) above sea level. The longest river in the United Kingdom, theRiver Severn, flows through the town, forming a meander around its centre.[12] TheRea Brook is a small river that has its confluence with the Severn at Shrewsbury, just upstream from the English Bridge, and much of theRea Brook Valley within the town is a country park and local nature reserve, encompassing 36 hectares (89 acres).[121] The town is subject to flooding from these rivers.
The town lies to the west ofHaughmond Hill, a site wherePrecambrian rocks, some of the oldest rocks in the county can be found,[122] and the town itself is sited on an area of largelyCarboniferous rocks.[123] A fault, the Hodnet Fault, starts approximately at the town and runs north-east into theStoke-on-Trent area.[124]
The Quarry is often busy during spring and summer.
Theclimate of Shrewsbury is similar to that of the rest of Shropshire, generally moderate.
Rainfall averages 76 to 100 cm (30 to 39 in), influenced by being in therainshadow of theCambrian Mountains from warm, moistfrontal systems of theAtlantic Ocean, which bring generally light precipitation in autumn and spring.[125] The nearest weather station is atShawbury, about 6.5 miles (10.5 km) north-east of Shrewsbury town centre. The local topography, being that of a low-lying plain surrounded by higher ground to the west, south and east gives the Shrewsbury area its own microclimate – the absolute maximum at Shawbury of 34.9 °C (94.8 °F) and absolute minimum of −25.2 °C (−13.4 °F) represents the largest temperature range of any individual weather station in the British Isles – although the maximum range of average temperatures tends to peak to the south-east of the Shrewsbury area, particularly in the south-east midlands, inland East Anglia and inland south-east England. In an average year, the warmest day is 28.4 °C (83.1 °F),[126] giving a total of 8.9 days[127] of 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) or above. The absolute maximum of 34.9 °C (94.8 °F)[128] was recorded in August 1990.
Conversely, the coldest night of the year typically falls to −9.6 °C (14.7 °F)[129] – in total 61.7 air frosts are recorded in an average year. The absolute minimum of −25.2 °C (−13.4 °F)[130] was recorded in 1981.
Annual average rainfall averages around 650 millimetres (26 in), with over 1 millimetre (0.04 in) falling on 124 days of the year.
In 2021, the town of Shrewsbury had a population of 76,782. This represents an increase of 0.69% since 2011. The ethnic distribution was as follows: White – 72,975; Asian – 1755; Black – 348; Arab – 122; Mixed – 1,267; Other – 308.[134]
Religious affiliations were as follows: Christian – 52.7%; Muslim – 0.5%; Sikh – 0.5%; Buddhist – 0.3%; Hindu – 0.2%; Jewish – 0.1%; Other – 0.1%; No religion – 39.1%; No answer – 6.4%.[135]
Pride Hill, one of the town's main shopping streets, in 2016
Throughout the medieval period, Shrewsbury was a centre for the wool trade,[136] and later used its position on the River Severn to transport goods across England via the canal system.
Unlike many other towns in this period, Shrewsbury never became a major centre for heavy industry. Though, in 1915, theSentinel Waggon Works at Shrewsbury was opened for the building of steam rail and road locomotives. Later it converted to the production of diesel locomotives before being taken over, in 1958, byRolls-Royce Limited for the manufacture of their range of diesel industrial engines, so that theDerby facility could concentrate on aero engines.[137]
By the early 1900s, the town became focused on transport services and the general service and professional sector, owing to its position on theA5, part of the strategic route toNorth Wales.[138]
The town is the location of both town and county councils and a number ofretail complexes, both in and out of the town centre. These provide significant employment. Shrewsbury is home to a high number of independent businesses, including shops, cafes and restaurants. Wyle Cop in Shrewsbury is said to have the 'longest uninterrupted row of independent shops'.[139] Four in five jobs in the town are in theservice industry. Within this sector, the largest employers are theadministration anddistribution sectors, which includes retail, food and accommodation.[140]
Thevisitor economy of Shrewsbury and Atcham was worth about £115 million in 2001, with about 2,500 people employed directly in the visitor industry and 3,400 indirectly. There were about 3.1 million visitors – both day visitors and staying visitors – to the borough in 2001, with 88% being day visitors and 12% being staying visitors; staying visitors accounted for 42% of spending.[142] Shrewsbury's position of being the only sizeable town for a large area, especially to the west inMid-Wales, allows it to attract a large retail base beyond that of its resident population. This is not only evident in the retail sector, but also in thehealthcare sector, where theRoyal Shrewsbury Hospital has the onlyA&E department westwards untilAberystwyth, about 75 miles (121 km) away.[143]
Businesses in Shrewsbury voted in favour of a Business Improvement District in late 2013 and Shrewsbury BID started operating in April 2014. Shrewsbury BID delivers on a five-year business plan of projects, which include major destination marketing campaigns, significant cost savings for businesses and strategic work ensuring the best possible town centre environment in which business can flourish. The company is governed by a board of directors and employed three staff full-time in 2017.[144]
In terms of social andeconomic deprivation, according to the Overall Index of Multiple Deprivation of 2004, one Super Output Area (SOA) in the town is in the bottom 15% of all areas nationally. This area is in the ward ofHarlescott.[145] A further four SOAs fall into the bottom 30% nationally, these being in the wards of Monkmoor,Sundorne,Battlefield andHeathgates and Meole Brace. The most affluent areas of the town are generally to the south and west, around the grounds ofShrewsbury School and theCopthorne area.[citation needed]
In ancient times, while the Romish religion prevailed, all the companies united once a year in celebrating the day of Corpus Christi, with great pomp and splendour. At the reformation this ceremony was commuted for another, held on the second Monday after Trinity Sunday, which is still continued, though with less pomp and circumstance than formerly. The Companies form themselves into processions, headed severally by men on horseback in gaudy apparel, called kings, probably as representatives of the monarchs who granted their charters* They move in marshalled array to Kingsland, where they are met by the mayor and corporation and the day is spent in festivity.[146]
The town's Quarry Park has been the site of cultural activity since before the Reformation: a bank there, cut in the form of anamphitheatre, was used by thefriars of the adjacentconvent, who performed the ancient religiousmystery plays or miracle plays;[30] this continued in the mid-16th century when the plays ofThomas Ashton's Shrewsbury School attracted royal attention.[147] On several occasions the school put on pageants for the visiting Council of Wales and the Marches. In 1581, the Lord President, SirHenry Sidney, leaving the town bybarge, was greeted by several scholars on an island downstream of thecastle dressed as greennymphs with willow branches tied to their heads reciting verses across the water.[148]
Quarto edition ofHenry IV, Part 1
William Shakespeare set the last two acts of his play,Henry IV, Part 1, written around 1596, near the town.[149] It has been suggested, placing reliance on a record of a performance by his company, theKing's Men in the town between 1603 and 1605, and supposed familiarity with the landscape; that Shakespeare performed in the town and knew the area.[150] Edward I's 13th centaury engagement with the town, and the execution of Welsh Prince Dafydd ap Gruffydd, was dramatized inGeorge Peele's Elizabethan play'The Famous Chronicle of King Edward the First' (c.1592).[151]
The playwrightGeorge Farquhar's 1706 playThe Recruiting Officer is set in the town.[152]
In the laterRenaissance period, the land at Kingsland was devoted to elaborate performances, with grand arbours being built by the various town guilds.[153] Some of the arbours survive, such as that for the Shoemakers Guild.[154]
John Weaver's 1718 production ofOrpheus and Eurydice
Known as the father of English ballet,[155] as well as the originator of pantomime,[156]John Weaver, developed his art in Shrewsbury. A second generation dancing master in the town,[157] he also wrote on the philosophy, theology, statecraft and biology embedded in his era's understating of dance, which he located in a wider understanding of his culture as representing a component ofPtolemaicharmony and an earnest part of the statecraft of his time.[158]
In the 19th century,Charles Dickens made three visits to the town. The first, in 1838, was while he was travelling to Wales. On this occasion he stayed at the Lion Hotel. In 1852 he again visited, this time as part of a theatrical tour, staging benefit performances to raise money for theGuild of Literature and Art. His final visit, in 1858, was as part of a nationwide reading tour. Once again he stayed at the Lion.[161]
The town appears in theBrother Cadfael novels byEllis Peters. The novels take Shrewsbury Abbey for their setting and have made medieval Shrewsbury familiar to a wide readership.[162]
Shrewsbury was used as the setting for the 1984 television filmA Christmas Carol, which filmed many of its interior and exterior shots in and around the town.[161]
The Magnum PhotosEvolution Explored exhibition in The Square
In early 2017, Shrewsbury BID, The Hive and GRAIN Photography Hub organised an outdoorMagnum Photos exhibition.[163] Inspired by Shrewsbury's links to Charles Darwin, this exhibition considered the theme of evolution through the eyes of international photographers. The 10-week exhibition was free to the public and staged at St Mary's Churchyard and The Square.
Theatre Severn is the town's main performing arts complex, it is situated in Frankwell next to the Welsh Bridge on the bank of the River Severn. The theatre includes two performance spaces, the 635 seat Main Auditorium and a smaller studio space, the Walker Theatre, which can accommodate 250 seating or 500 standing. The venue includes a full sized dance studio, function rooms and a restaurant.[166] The new complex replaced the old theatre, the Music Hall, which has been refurbished and expanded in preparation for its current use as home toShrewsbury Museum and Art Gallery, opened 2014.[167]
The Shropshire Horticultural Society organises the town's annual flower show in August.
The town is home to the 'longest running flower show in the world'. The annualShrewsbury Flower Show is a two-day event, which takes place in mid-August, has been running for more than 125 years.[181] The event attracts around 100,000 visitors each year and offers a multitude of events, exhibitions and gardens, with a fireworks display at the end of each day.
TheShrewsbury Folk Festival has been held in Shrewsbury since 2006. Held annually over the August bank holiday, the event is very popular, with people travelling from across the UK to attend.[182]
The Shrewsbury Arts Trail is focused on showcasing contemporary art and includes sculptures, exhibitions, workshops and events. 2024' theme is "Time" and features work by renowned artists alongside local artists.[183]
The town celebrates its links to Darwin with an annual Darwin Festival in February. The two and a half week multi-media event celebrates the town as the 'Origin of Independent Thinking' with activities including lectures, dance performances and live music.[184]
Art Exhibition in Shrewsbury Museum and Art Gallery
Other events held in spring and summer include the Shrewsbury Bookfest, Shrewsbury Regatta, Cycle Grand Prix, Shrewsbury Carnival, Food Festival, Dragon Boat Race and the Coracle World Championships.[185] Since 2016, Shrewsbury International Comedy Festival has been held over the third weekend of July in multiple venues across town.[186]
Comics Salopia (formerly the Cartoon Festival) was a large biannual festival of the comics arts, attracting over a quarter of a million visitors. In format and scope it aimed to emulate on a smaller scale, theAngoulême International Comics Festival in France. In June 2023, It was announced that after making substantial losses in 2022, it would not be continued.[187]
TheShrewsbury Museum and Art Gallery is in the town square, occupying the former music hall and the 13th-century Vaughan's mansion and is part of Shropshire Museums.[188]
TheOld Market Hall cinema opened in 2004 in the prominent Tudor market hall positioned in The Square. The independent cinema features daily screens of films from around the world along with a cafe and bar.[189]
Further museums in the town include the Shropshire Regimental Museum, renamed in 2019 as Soldiers of Shropshire Museum,[190] based at Shrewsbury Castle,[7] and the restored 19th-century steam-poweredColeham Pumping Station,[191] which opens for tours on specific days each year.
There are various private galleries and art shops around the town, including the Gateway Education and Arts Centre.[192]
TheNational Trust owns the last remainingTown Walls Tower which dates from the 14th century. It is now available to rent as a one bedroom holiday cottage.[193]
TheGolden Cross is reputed to be the oldest licensed public house in Shrewsbury and records show that it was used as an inn as far back as 1428; its original name was the Sextry, because it began as thesacristy of Old St Chad's Church.[194]
TheKing's Head in Mardol contains a 14th-century wall painting,[195] and its timbers have been dated toc.1404.[196]
The Dun Cow in Abbey Foregate dates to the 16th century.[197]
Shrewsbury cakes (or biscuits) are typically crisp and brittle creations that may incorporate fruit. They can be small in size for serving several at a time, or large for serving as a dessert in their own right. Traditionally they have a distinct hint of lemon.[205] The playwrightWilliam Congreve mentioned Shrewsbury cakes in his playThe Way of the World in 1700 as a simile[206] (Witwoud – "Why, brother Wilfull of Salop, you may be as short as a Shrewsbury cake, if you please. But I tell you 'tis not modish to know relations in town"). The recipe is also included in several early cookbooks includingThe Compleat Cook of 1658.[207] A final reference to the cakes can be seen to this day as the subject of a plaque affixed to a building close to Shrewsbury's town library by the junction of Castle Street and School Gardens. The aforementioned plaque marks the spot where the Shrewsbury Cake's recipe is said to have been pioneered in 1760 by Mr Pailin;[205] a further quote, drawn fromRichard Harris Barham'sIngoldby Legends, reads:
Oh! Pailin. Prince of Cake Compounders The mouth liquifies at the very name.
Shrewsbury is the origin of a popularSimnel cake recipe. Different towns had their own recipes and shapes of the Simnel cake.Bury,Devizes and Shrewsbury produced large numbers to their own recipes, but it is the Bury version that became most well known.[208]
The town is alleged to be the origin ofShrewsbury sauce, made from Worcester sauce, red wine and mustard, thickened with flour, which is typically served with lamb. Only known from the 1960s when it appeared in the J. Salmon County Series Cookbooks.[209]
Beer brewed in Shrewsbury was celebrated as early as about 1400 when the bardIolo Goch praised the supply of "Crwg Amwythig" dispensed at theSycharth palace ofOwain Glyndŵr.[210] In 1900 there were eight breweries in the town, chief among them being Southam's and Trouncer's, which had their ownmaltings and owned many local public houses, as well as five other maltsters,[211] but the conventional brewing industry gradually closed after takeovers in the 1960s. The last maltings, at Ditherington, closed in 1987.[212] Completed in 1797, these maltings, known as theDitherington Flax Mill from its original purpose, was the world's first iron-framed building and commonly regarded as "the grandfather of the skyscraper". Its importance was recognised in the 1950s, resulting in it becoming a Grade Ilisted building.[213][214] After the biggest heritage project ever undertaken byHistoric England, the building was restored and opened as a museum in 2022.[215]
A real ale brewery, The Salopian Brewery, was established in the town in 1995.[216] It was based in the Old Dairy on Mytton Oak Road before relocating in 2014 toHadnall a few miles north of the town.[217]
The historic town centre still retains its medieval street pattern and many narrow passages. Some of the passages, especially those that pass through buildings from one street to the next, are called "shuts" (the word deriving from "to shoot through" from one street to another).[218] Many specialist shops, traditional pubs and local restaurants can be found in the hidden corners, squares and lanes of Shrewsbury.
Many of thestreet names have remained unchanged for centuries and there are some more unusual names, such as Longden Coleham, Dogpole,Mardol, Frankwell, Roushill,Grope Lane, Gullet Passage, Murivance, the Dana, Portobello, Bear Steps, Shoplatch and Bellstone.[219]
Thepublic library, in the pre-1882Shrewsbury School building,[220] is on Castle Street. Above the main entrance are two statues bearing the Greek inscriptions "Philomathes" and "Polymathes". These portray the virtues "Lover of learning" and "Much learning" to convey the lesson that it is good to gain knowledge through a love of learning.[221]
In the centre of the town liesThe Quarry. This 29 acres (12 ha)[222] riverside park attracts thousands of people throughout the year and is enjoyed as a place of recreation. Shrewsbury has traditionally been known as the "Town of Flowers", a slogan incorporated into many of the signs on entrance to the town via major roads, although this was replaced in 2007 with "The birthplace of Charles Darwin".[8]
TheBritish Army'sLight Infantry has been associated with Shrewsbury since the 17th century when the first regiments were formed and many more regiments have been raised at Shrewsbury before being deployed all over the world from theAmerican Revolutionary War to the conflicts inIraq andAfghanistan. Today, after several major reorganisations, the Light Infantry now forms part of the regiment known simply asthe Rifles. Shrewsbury'sCopthorne Barracks, spiritual home of the Light Division, ultimately housed the Headquarters of the British Army's143 (West Midlands) Brigade before it moved in 2014, while that of the5th Division disbanded in April 2012 as part of the reorganisation of the Army'sSupport Command.[223]
Another notable feature of the town isLord Hill's Column, sited outside the Shirehall. At 133 ft 6 in (40.7 m) it is the tallest Doric column in England.[224] It was erected as a monument toRowland Hill commander ofII Corps atWaterloo and the man who led the charge against theImperial Guard towards the end of the battle.[225]
The Quantum Leap is an abstract sculpture unveiled in the town centre in 2009 to mark the bicentenary of the birth of Shrewsbury biologistCharles Darwin.[226]
Shrewsbury's town centre is almost entirely encircled by the River Severn and there arenine bridges across the river. In addition, there are several that cross theRea Brook. Working downstream, they are in order:
Frankwell Bridge, a modern pedestrian footbridge which spans the River Severn between Frankwell and the town centre.
TheWelsh Bridge, which was built in 1793-95 to replace the medievalSt George's Bridge; featured inThomas Pennant'sA Tour through Wales published in 1781. The old bridge was sketched byJ. M. W. Turner in 1794 as the basis for a later water colour painting.[227]
Further along from the Welsh Bridge is thePorthill Bridge, a pedestrian suspension bridge running between the Quarry and Porthill, built in 1922.[228][229]
Following the Greyfriars Bridge is theEnglish Bridge, historically calledStone Bridge, which was rebuilt in the 1920s. The bridge was also sketched by Turner.[230]
Beyond it is therailway station, which is partly built over the river.
The last bridge to cross the river within the Shrewsbury bypass area is theA5112 Telford Way, which has separate lanes for vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians.
The main railway station building was built in amock Tudor architectural style; it includes a clock tower, imitation Tudor chimneys and carved heads in the frames of every window and isGrade II listed.[236] There is a smallBritish Transport Police station within the building. The station is known as theGateway to Wales.[237]
Shrewsbury has apark & ride bus scheme in operation, with three car parks on the edge of town; these are at Harlescott (to the north, colour-coded blue), Oxon (to the west, colour-coded pink) and Meole Brace (to the south, colour-coded green).[243]
A map of Shrewsbury showing suburbs, surrounding villages, rivers (blue), roads (red) and rail routes (green)
Shrewsbury has been an important centre for road traffic. In 1815,Thomas Telford designed a new coaching route from London toHolyhead in order to improve communications withIreland. He routed the new road via Shrewsbury, which opened in 1830. The road is now theA5.[244] The road connects the town north-west toOswestry and east towards Telford, where it joins theM54. The A5 once ran through the town centre, until abypass was built in the 1930s. Subsequently, in 1992, a 17-mile (27 km)dual carriageway was completed at a cost of £79 million to the south of the town and was made to form part of the A5 route. This dual carriageway was built further out of the town to act as a substantial link to Telford, as well as a bypass for the town.[245]
TheA49 goes to Shrewsbury, joining the A5 at the south of the town, coming fromLudlow andLeominster. At this point, the road merges with the A5 for 3 miles (4.8 km), before separating again to the east of the town. From there it runs north, passing Sundorne, thenBattlefield, before heading out towardsWhitchurch. At Battlefield, theA53 route begins and heads north-east towardsShawbury andMarket Drayton, then onwards towardsNewcastle-under-Lyme andStoke-on-Trent.
TheA458 (Mallwyd-Quinton) runs through the town centre, entering in the west and leaving to the south-east. TheA528 begins in the town centre and heads north, heading forEllesmere. TheA488 begins just west of the town centre in Frankwell and heads out toBishop's Castle,Clun andKnighton crossing the border in the southwest of Shropshire.
Major roads within the town include theA5112, A5191 and A5064. The A5191 goes north–south via the town centre, while the A5112 runs north–south to the east of the town centre. The A5064 is a short, one mile (1.6 km) stretch of road to the south-east of the town centre, calledLondon Road. Additionally, theA5124, the most recent bypass, was completed in 1998 and runs across the northern edge of the town at Battlefield (connecting the A49/A53 to the A528), though it did exist before as Harlescott Lane (which has since become unclassified).
Construction of a major new artery, referred to as theNorth West Relief Road (NWRR), was granted central government funding in April 2019. Together with the existing A5 and A49 by-passes, the Battlefield Link Road (A5124) and the Oxon Link Road; this will result in the completion of thering road around the outskirts of the town. Construction is expected to be completed by 2026.[246] The NWRR will involve the construction of a new bridge over the River Severn, upstream from the town centre.[247]
Shrewsbury has a comprehensive network of on-road and traffic-free cycle routes.[248] In 2008, the town was awarded Cycling Town status byCycling England;[249] as a result, it benefited from £1.8 million of grant funding from theDepartment for Transport between 2008 and 2011. The funding was used to make improvements to the cycle network in Shrewsbury and to provide cycle training, information and advice to people to help encourage them to cycle to school and work.[250]
Shrewsbury Library, Castle Gates; formerly Shrewsbury School
Prior to thereformation, Shrewsbury Abbey and theCollegiate Churches ofSt Mary (established byKing Edgar in the 10th century) andSt Chad (established in the 13th) were providing education in the town.[citation needed] Remains of the college of St Chad can be traced in the land adjoining the south-western extremity of the church on the old site, with portions of the wall traceable to a considerable distance in the neighbouring gardens.[30][better source needed] These were closed by the dissolutions.[78] There is mention of a grammar school at Shrewsbury in a court case of 1439.[251]
An effort was made to found a university in the 1600s during theCommonwealth which followed the execution ofCharles I.Richard Baxter, a puritan minister from Shropshire, suggested the establishment of a university for Wales at Shrewsbury in the belief that he could obtain the support ofCromwell and Parliament for the scheme.[252]
Shrewsbury School is apublic school, on a large site in Kingsland, just south of the town centre overlooking the loop of the Severn. The school was located in the town centre between 1552 and 1882. The buildings it formerly occupied then are now occupied by the main county library on Castle Street.[253] Opposite it on the other side of the river isShrewsbury High School, an independent girls' day school.[254]
Prestfelde School is anindependent preparatory school, on London Road, close to theLord Hill's Column. As part of theWoodard Schools group, it is affiliated to the largest group ofChurch of England schools in the country. Whilst originally a school for boys it started accepting girls between the ages of three and thirteen. The school is set in 30 acres (12 ha) of grounds on the outskirts of the town.[255]
The town's other long-established boys' preparatory school is Kingsland Grange, on Old Roman Road in Kingsland. In 2007, it merged with the junior department of Shrewsbury Girls' High School, sharing the two sites with some classes remaining single sex, but others switching to aco-educational format.[256]
The majority of the town's pupils attend one of the several comprehensive schools.The Priory School, formerly agrammar school for girls;[257]Meole Brace School, The Grange School, Sundorne School andBelvidere School. In 2016, The Grange and Sundorne schools were amalgamated to formShrewsbury Academy. The school has two campuses; however, it is planned in the next few years for all pupils to move to the Corndon Crescent site of the former Sundorne School.[258]
The Wakeman School, which was geographically the closest school to the town centre 'loop', next to theEnglish Bridge, was previously the Shrewsbury Technical School and was attended by the First World War poetWilfred Owen. It closed as part of reorganisation in July 2013.[259] The site is now utilised by the Shrewsbury Colleges Group.[260]
Further education is provided byShrewsbury Sixth Form College, previouslythe Priory School for Boys,[261] ranked 17th in the top 20 of sixth form colleges nationally by theSunday Times newspaper in November 2012,[262] andShrewsbury College, which handles primarily vocational courses. In 2016, the two establishments were merged into the Shrewsbury Colleges Group.[263]
Ruins of Old St Chad'sThe spire of St Alkmund's Church and the tower of St Julian's Church
There are two Anglo-Saxon foundations ofcollegiate churches: that ofSt Chad, since resited after the collapse of the original church and rebuilt in 1792 andSt Mary, replaced by what is described as the most complete medieval church in Shrewsbury, dating back to the 12th century.[265] The NormanShrewsbury Abbey was founded in 1083[266] and its nave survived as a parish church followingthe dissolution.
John Wesley first preached here.
According to legend, the spire of St Alkmund's Church was damaged by the Devil in 1553 and climbed four times by a drunken steeplejack in 1621.[267]
There are a number of otherAnglican churches in Shrewsbury: Shrewsbury All Saints in Castlefields, The Church of the Holy Spirit in Harlescott, Holy Trinity, St George of Cappadocia, St Giles, Greenfields United Church andSt Peter in Monkmoor.[268]
Methodists,[269]Baptists[270] and theUnited Reformed Church are also represented, alongside newer church groups includingElim Pentecostal[271] and twoNewfrontiers.[272][273] Shrewsbury Evangelical Church met in the former Anglican parish church of St Julian, which was previously a craft centre, at the Wyle Cop end of Fish Street,[274] later moving into the Springfield estate in the eastern suburbs[275] meeting at the Mereside Community Centre.[276] One of the houses in Fish Street, facing St Alkmund's Church, was the site ofJohn Wesley's first preaching in Shrewsbury; a wall plaque records the date as 16 March 1761. The Grade II listedShrewsbury Unitarian Church was founded in 1662 according to the inscription above the main door. The current building was built between 1839 and 1840.[277]
Shrewsbury'sGreek Orthodox Church, a former Anglican church building, is at Dove Close off Oteley Road to the south. The site of which had been used as a place of worship for some four thousand years. The building, dating from the 13th century, was purchased by the Orthodox church in the 1990s after being disused for services since the 1950s and restored, as the Church of the 318 Holy Fathers, with funds from English Heritage.[280] Regular Sunday services are now conducted at St Julian's Centre, which is privately owned, owing to the need for a larger venue[281] although weekday services continue at the Church of the 318 Holy Fathers.[282]
Shrewsbury's first known dedicated non-Christian place of worship, aMuslim prayer centre, was approved in 2013. It is in the Column Lodge, the former registry office in Preston Street. Before then, the local Muslim community had been hosted by the United Reformed Church on English Bridge.[283]
Many community projects in Shrewsbury are based in, or have been started by local churches, including the Isaiah 58 project, which is the primary work amongst homeless people in the town, whilst 'Churches Together in Shrewsbury' works to help homeless people through the Ark project.[284][285]
ShrewsburyFood Bank, based at Barnabas Community Church Centre and part of 'Food Bank PLUS,' provides a wide range of social action initiatives including 'Money Advice' (a confidential, not for profit debt, benefits and financial help service) and Eclipse Child Bereavement, which works with local schools to help children who have experienced losses to overcome their situation. Also run by Barnabas are projects including '360 Journey to Work,' which help people gain skills in applying for jobs including basics like CV writing. 'Cage football' is an initiative that is lent out to local community groups, youth clubs and other churches.[286]
Shrewsbury is home to a professional football club,Shrewsbury Town. As of 2024, they compete inFootball League One[288] and since 2007 has played their home games atNew Meadow – from 1910 to 2007 the club played at theGay Meadow stadium. The town is also home to a semi-professionalfootball club,Haughmond, who take their name from the nearbyHaughmond Hill. They currently compete in theMidland Football League and play their home games at the Shrewsbury Sports Village, in Sundorne.[289]
The River Severn in the town is used for rowing by both thePengwern Boat Club,[290] founded in 1871 and using an ancient name for the town,[291] and the RoyalShrewsbury School Boat Club (RSSBC), founded in 1866.[292][293] The Pengwern brick and timber club house was built in 1881 and is a Grade II listed building.[291][294] The club house was expanded around 2013.[295] More recently, the two clubs have been joined by students ofHarper Adams University,University Centre Shrewsbury and crews from other local schools.
There is an annual rowing regatta in the town in May. It is one of the oldest events in the rowing calendar, having first been held in 1871.[296][297] Ahead of the river race was run annually between 1936 and the 1990s.[298]
Shrewsbury Sports Village is a sports centre in the Sundorne district of the town, aimed at providing a wide range of sports facilities for townspeople.[301] There are a number of golf facilities, including Meole Brace Municipal Golf Course, in the area. Shrewsbury holds its own annual Sprint Triathlon, which takes place each September at the West Midlands Country Showground, organised by SYTri (Shrewsbury Triathlon Club) which is affiliated to the British Triathlon Federation.[302] A free weeklyparkrun takes place in the Quarry.[303]
There have been a number of notable Salopians, includingCharles Darwin, the biologist andevolutionary theorist.[304] Darwin, one of the most important thinkers of the 19th century,[305] was born in Shrewsbury on 12 February 1809 at the Mount House, baptised at St Chad's Church and educated atShrewsbury School. The town's river and proximity to the countryside inspired his interest in the natural world, while its abundant ice-age boulders sparked his interest in geology.[306] ClassicistMary Beard, Cambridge professor and television presenter, was educated in Shrewsbury where her father was a prominent architect.[307]
Politicians with connections with the town includeSir William Pulteney, 5th Baronet, once Britain's richest man, he was MP for Shrewsbury from 1768 to 1805.[311] He lived in apartments at Shrewsbury Castle.Robert Clive was MP for Shrewsbury and also the mayor.[312][313]Leo Blair, the father of former Prime MinisterTony Blair, was a resident of the town.[314]
Ian Hunter, the lead singer of the 1970s pop groupMott the Hoople, was a resident of 23a Swan Hill in the town centre and wrote a song of the same name.[315] The 1980s pop groupT'Pau was formed in the town and the band's vocalistCarol Decker was educated in the town, along with other members of the band.[316] Notable music historian and composerCharles Burney was born and educated in the town.[317]Lange, a DJ and dance music producer, was born in Shrewsbury.[318]
Other notable people of the town include;John Gwynn, an 18th-centuryarchitect, who designed theEnglish Bridge and the bridge atAtcham, was born in the town;[326] the Anglo-Scottish suffragetteBarbara Wylie was born in Shrewsbury;[327] comic book artistCharlie Adlard was born in Shrewsbury and is known for illustratingThe Walking Dead;Robert Cadman, a performer andsteeplejack, is buried in the town, atSt Mary's Church;[328]Simon Gosling, avisual effects designer, was born in the town and was resident there until 1994;[329]Percy Thrower, the gardener and broadcaster lived in Shrewsbury, where he set up the garden centre near Meole Brace and just down the road from the football club.[330]Justin Pearson, an award-winning stunt performer and stunt coordinator currently lives in the town.[331]Hugo Botstiber, Austrian musicologist, died at Cotonhurst on 15 January 1941 only a few months after arriving in Shrewsbury. Being of Jewish origin, he had emigrated fromVienna in 1938.[332]
^abLambert, Tim."Saxon and Medieval Shrewsbury".A Short History of Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. A World History Encyclopaedia.Archived from the original on 15 March 2012.
^Meijns, Brigitte (2010). "The Policy on Relic Translations of Baldwin II of Flanders (879–918), Edward of Wessex (899–924), and Æthelflæd of Mercia (d.924): A Key to Anglo-Flemish Relations". In Rollason, David; Leyser, Conrad; Williams, Hannah (eds.).England and the Continent in the Tenth Century. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols. p. 476.ISBN9782503532080.
^Shipley, John (2017).The A-Z of Curious Shropshire : Strange Stories of Mysteries, Crimes and Eccentrics. The History Press.ISBN9780750983174.The Black Death arrives in Shropshire around the spring of 1349....
^Given-Wilson, Chris (1 January 2013),"Introduction",Chronicles of the Revolution, 1397–1400, Manchester University Press, pp. 1–52,ISBN978-1-5261-1285-9, retrieved23 February 2025
^Mitchell, Jean (March 1955). "Reviewed Work:The Shrewsbury Drapers and the Welsh Wool Trade in the XVI and XVII Centuries. by T. C. Mendenhall". Review.The Economic Journal.65 (257). Wiley:147–149.doi:10.2307/2227468.JSTOR2227468.
^"John Weaver".Oxford Reference. Retrieved11 March 2023.
^Lee, Sidney, ed. (1885–1900).Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 60. Smith, Elder and Co., London. p. 91.Article by William George Dimock Fletcher.
^"The Shrewsbury Chronicle, 1772-1922".The Spectator. 19 December 1922. Retrieved23 October 2018.We congratulate that good old country paper, the Shrewsbury Chronicle, on completing its hundred and fiftieth year. It is a few weeks younger than the Morning Post, having first appeared on November 28rd,1772, as the Shrewsbury Chronicle; or, Wood's British Commercial Pamphlet. Thomas Wood,- the publisher, had had experience of a Birmingham weekly before he went to Shrewsbury.
^A Town At War, Shrewsbury 1939–45. p. 37.It notes "...Shrewsbury [had its resident comedian] with the legendaryGeorge Robey (then in his seventies) living near the Column."
^Warsop, Keith (2004).The Early F.A. Cup Finals and the Southern Amateurs, A Who's Who and Match Facts 1872 to 1883. Tony Brown, Nottingham. pp. 76,96–97, 133,138–139.ISBN1-899468-78-1.
^Francis, Peter (24 October 2023).A Matter of Life and Death, The Secrets of Shrewsbury Cemetery. Logaston Press, Almeley. p. 104.ISBN978-1-904396-58-1.
^"Player profile". LFChistory.net.Archived from the original on 29 October 2007. Retrieved16 January 2008.
^"Joe Hart".Sky Sports.Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved16 January 2008.
^"County heroes who won Victoria Cross".Shropshire Star. 1 July 2016. p. 36.Battle of the Somme – 100 Years supplement compiled by Toby Neal. Proctor did not yet live in Shropshire at the time he was decorated.
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