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Shooting targets are objects in various forms and shapes that are used forpistol,rifle,shotgun and othershooting sports, as well as indarts,target archery,crossbow shooting and other non-firearm related sports. The center is often called thebullseye. Targets can for instance be made of paper, "self healing" rubber orsteel. There are alsoelectronic targets that electronically can provide the shooter with precise feedback of the shot placement.
Most targets used inshooting sports today are abstract figures of which origins often are not given much thought, but given the military and hunting origins that started most shooting disciplines it is not hard to understand that many of the targets at some point originally resembled either human opponents in a battle or animals in a hunting situation. For instance, the well known circularbullseye target might originally have resembled a human torso or an animal being hunted.[citation needed] Notable instances of shooting targets with martial origins which are considered abstract today, are the field targets used inDet frivillige Skyttervesen where the original intent was to resemble amongst other wheels of vehicles (S25 target), barrels (tønne),bunker openings (stripe 30/10 and 13/40) or enemy personnel (1/3, 1/4, 1/6 and 1/10 figure, minismåen, etc.). The origin of these targets are not usually given
Mostly important for paper targets.[3]
FITA targets are used inarchery shooting competitions within theWorld Archery Federation. The targets have 10 evenly spaced concentric rings, generally with score values from 1 through 10. In addition there is an inner 10 ring, sometimes called the X ring. This becomes the 10 ring at indoor compound competitions, while outdoors, it serves as a tiebreaker with the archer scoring the most X's winning. The number of hits may also be taken into account as another tiebreaker. In FITA archery, targets are coloured as follows:
3D targets are life-size models ofgame used infield archery.
Dart targets are a special form ofbullseye targets.
In the outdoor air gun disciplinefield target metal targets of various shape and forms are used. The metal plates are often shaped to resemble small game animals, although there is currently a move towards simple geometric shapes.
Clay pigeons areclaydiscs thrown into the air to imitate flyinggame birds for variousclay pigeon shooting disciplines (e.g.trap,skeet,sporting clays).[4] Formally known as Inanimate Bird Shooting.[citation needed]
Infullbore target rifle within theInternational Confederation of Fullbore Rifle Associations (ICFRA), competitions can be held in either a short range or long range format, with distances either in yards or meters. F-Class shoots at the same targets as Palma, but during the scoring process an extra inner ring (which is half the diameter of the V-bull) counts only for F-Class. While short range is shot at a different target size for each of the six distances, long range is shot at the one and same type of target at different distances.[5] Below are the official target sizes, and approximate subtensions inmilliradians andarcminutes depending on distance.
| (image missing) | (image missing) | (image missing) | (image missing) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 300 m | 400 m | 500 m | 600 m | |||||
| Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | |
| Aiming Mark | 600 mm | 2.0 mrad | 800 mm | 2.0 mrad | 1000 mm | 2.0 mrad | 1000 mm | 1.7 mrad |
| Extra inner ring (F-Class only) | 35 mm | 0.1 mrad | 47.5 mm | 0.1 mrad | 72.5 mm | 0.1 mrad | 80 mm | 0.1 mrad |
| V-Bull | 70 mm | 0.2 mrad | 95 mm | 0.2 mrad | 145 mm | 0.3 mrad | 160 mm | 0.3 mrad |
| Bull | 140 mm | 0.5 mrad | 185 mm | 0.5 mrad | 290 mm | 0.6 mrad | 320 mm | 0.5 mrad |
| Inner | 280 mm | 0.9 mrad | 375 mm | 0.9 mrad | 660 mm | 1.3 mrad | 660 mm | 1.1 mrad |
| Magpie | 420 mm | 1.4 mrad | 560 mm | 1.4 mrad | 1000 mm | 2.0 mrad | 1000 mm | 1.7 mrad |
| Outer | 600 mm | 2.0 mrad | 800 mm | 2.0 mrad | 1320 mm | 2.6 mrad | 1320 mm | 2.2 mrad |
| (image missing) | (image missing) | (image missing) | (image missing) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 300 yds | 400 yds | 500 yds | 600 yds | |||||
| Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | |
| Aiming Mark | 560 mm | 7.02 moa | 745 mm | 7.00 moa | 915 mm | 6.88 moa | 915 mm | 5.73 moa |
| Extra inner ring (F-Class only) | 32.5 mm | 0.41 moa | 42.5 mm | 0.40 moa | 65 mm | 0.49 moa | 72.5 mm | 0.45 moa |
| V-Bull | 65 mm | 0.81 moa | 85 mm | 0.80 moa | 130 mm | 0.98 moa | 145 mm | 0.91 moa |
| Bull | 130 mm | 1.63 moa | 175 mm | 1.64 moa | 260 mm | 1.95 moa | 290 mm | 1.82 moa |
| Inner | 260 mm | 3.26 moa | 350 mm | 3.29 moa | 600 mm | 4.51 moa | 600 mm | 3.76 moa |
| Magpie | 390 mm | 4.89 moa | 520 mm | 4.89 moa | 915 mm | 6.88 moa | 915 mm | 5.73 moa |
| Outer | 560 mm | 7.02 moa | 745 mm | 7.00 moa | 1320 mm | 9.93 moa | 1320 mm | 8.27 moa |
| (image missing) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subtension | Angular sizes | ||||||
| 700 m | 800 yds 731.52 m | 800 m | 900 yds 822.96 m | 900 m | 1000 yds 914.4 m | ||
| Aiming Mark | 1120 mm | 1.6 mrad | 1.5 mrad | 1.4 mrad | 1.4 mrad | 1.2 mrad | 1.2 mrad |
| Extra inner ring (F-Class only) | 128 mm | 0.18 mrad | 0.18 mrad | 0.16 mrad | 0.16 mrad | 0.14 mrad | 0.14 mrad |
| V-Bull | 255 mm | 0.4 mrad | 0.3 mrad | 0.3 mrad | 0.3 mrad | 0.3 mrad | 0.3 mrad |
| Bull | 510 mm | 0.7 mrad | 0.7 mrad | 0.6 mrad | 0.6 mrad | 0.6 mrad | 0.6 mrad |
| Inner | 815 mm | 1.2 mrad | 1.1 mrad | 1.0 mrad | 1.0 mrad | 0.9 mrad | 0.9 mrad |
| Magpie | 1120 mm | 1.6 mrad | 1.5 mrad | 1.4 mrad | 1.4 mrad | 1.2 mrad | 1.2 mrad |
| Outer | 1830 mm | 2.6 mrad | 2.5 mrad | 2.3 mrad | 2.2 mrad | 2.0 mrad | 2.0 mrad |
In matches organized by theInternational Practical Shooting Confederation, both steel and paper targets are used. Currently the only paper targets used for handgun is the IPSC Target (formerly Classic Target) and the 2/3 scaled down IPSC Mini Target (formerly IPSC Mini Classic Target). The center of these paper targets is called the A-zone. Additionally, for rifle and shotgun "A3" and "A4" paper targets and the "Universal Target" is used. For steel targets, standardized knock down targets called "poppers" are used. The two approved designs are the full size "IPSC Popper" (formerly IPSC Classic Popper) and the 2/3 scaled down version "IPSC Mini Popper" (formerly "IPSC Classic Mini Popper"), while the Pepper Popper and Mini Pepper Popper is now obsolete.
WithinInternational Shooting Sport Federation disciplines, variations on bullseye targets are used for rifle and pistol events. In international competition,electronic scoring targets (ESTs) have replaced physical paper targets, eliminating manual scoring. For shotgun disciplines, clay targets are used.
 |  | |  | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 m Rapid Fire Pistol | 25 m Precision Pistol | 50 Meter Pistol | 10 Meter Air Pistol | |||||
| Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | |
| Inner Ten | 50 mm | 2 mrad | 25 mm | 1 mrad | 25 mm | 0.5 mrad | 5 mm | 0.5 mrad |
| 10 Ring | 100 mm | 4 mrad | 50 mm | 2 mrad | 50 mm | 1 mrad | 11.5 mm | 1.15 mrad |
| Subsequent Ring Increase | 80 mm | 3.2 mrad | 50 mm | 2 mrad | 50 mm | 1 mrad | 16 mm | 1.6 mrad |
| Aiming mark | 500 mm | 20 mrad | 200 mm | 8 mrad | 200 mm | 4 mrad | 59.5 mm | 5.95 mrad |
| (image missing) |  | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 m Running Target (Rifle) | 10 m Running Target (Rifle) | |||
| Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | |
| Inner Ten | 30 mm | 0.6 mrad | 0.5 mm | 0.05 mrad |
| 10 Ring | 60 mm | 1.2 mrad | 5.5 mm | 0.55 mrad |
| Subsequent Ring Increase | 34 mm | 0.68 mrad | 5 mm | 0.5 mrad |
| Aiming mark | 30.5 mm | 3.05 mrad | ||
 |  |  | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 300 m Rifle | 50 m Rifle | 10 m Air Rifle | ||||
| Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | Subtension | Angular size | |
| Inner Ten | 50 mm | 1/6 mrad ≈ 0.167 mrad | 5 mm | 0.1 mrad | (Determined by scoring gauge) | - |
| 10 Ring | 100 mm | 1/3 mrad ≈ 0.33 mrad | 10.4 mm | 0.208 mrad | 0.5 mm | 0.05 mrad |
| Subsequent Ring Increase | 100 mm | 1/3 mrad ≈ 0.33 mrad | 16 mm | 0.32 mrad | 5 mm | 0.5 mrad |
| Aiming mark | 600 mm | 2 mrad | ≈ 95.7 mm | ≈ 1.9 mrad | 25.5 | 2.55 mrad |
Inmetallic silhouette shooting only knock down steel targets featuring animals are used.
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The Popinjay (from theFrenchpapegai, or "parrot") is an ancient form of target forcrossbow shooting. Originally a bird tethered in a tree, it developed into a complex painted wood target atop a tall wooden pole. The popinjay would form the centrepiece of a major shooting contest and many shooters would try their skill repeatedly against the same target. Scoring was awarded for shooting off various parts of the target.
Humansilhouette targets are use for military and police firearms training.
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Mannequins are sold for use as practice targets. Examples includeThe Ex, which resembles a woman, and another resembling former United States President Barack Obama.
