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Shefqet Vërlaci

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Albanian politician and prime minister (1877–1946)

Shefqet Vërlaci
12th Prime Minister of Albania
In office
30 March 1924 – 27 May 1924
MonarchWilhelm I
Preceded byAhmet Zogu
Succeeded byIlias Vrioni
In office
12 April 1939 – 4 December 1941
MonarchZog I


Victor Emmanuel III
Preceded byKostaq Kotta
Succeeded byMustafa Merlika-Kruja
Personal details
Born(1877-12-15)15 December 1877
Elbasan,Manastir Vilayet,Ottoman Empire (modern-dayAlbania)
Died21 July 1946(1946-07-21) (aged 68)
Zürich, Switzerland
Political partyProgressive Party
Albanian Fascist Party
ProfessionPrime Minister
Signature

Shefqet Vërlacibej[1][a] (Albanian pronunciation:[ʃɛfcɛtvəɾlat͡si]; 15 December 1877 – 21 July 1946), also known asShevket Verlaci, was an Albanian politician and wealthy landowner[2] who served as the 12thPrime Minister of Albania.

Biography

[edit]

Shefqet Vërlaci was born on 15 December 1877 inElbasan,Manastir Vilayet,Ottoman Empire, now modern daycentralAlbania, into anAlbanian family. In 1922, Vërlaci was the biggest landowner in Albania. He was the leader of the Progressive Party, the biggest conservative party in Albania, which firmly opposed any agrarian reform reducing the landowners' property. The Progressive Party included some North Albanian clan chiefs and prominentMuslim landowners as its members.[3]

He was elected a deputy for the first time in the elections of April 5, 1921.[4] In late 1922,Ahmed Zogu became engaged to Vërlaci's daughter, winning his support and the position of Prime Minister.[5]

In early 1924, Zogu was forced to cede his position of Prime Minister to Vërlaci,[citation needed] because of a financial scandal and an attempt of assassination in which Zogu was injured. The date of Vërlaci taking the position of prime minister is 3 March 1924. Vërlaci held this position until 27 May of the same year and then fled toItaly.[6] DuringFan Noli's regime that followed, a special tribunal created by the government condemned Vërlaci to death in absentia along with the confiscation of all his property.[why?]

After being crowned King of Albania in 1928, Zogu broke his engagement with Vërlaci's daughter and instead marriedCountess Géraldine, of the nobleApponyi family. This resulted in a very conflicted relationship between Zog and Vërlaci in the following years.[7][8]

On 12 April 1939, after theItalian invasion of Albania, Vërlaci became the prime minister of the government of Albania formed under the Italian occupation.[9] From 12 April through 16 April (until Italy's KingVictor Emmanuel III accepted the Albanian crown), Vërlaci was the acting head of state. Vërlaci was also named by King Victor Emmanuel III senator of the kingdom of Italy.[10][11]

Vërlaci remained at the head of the government until 4 December (other sources cite 10 November or 3 December), 1941.

He died in 1946 inZürich,Switzerland, and is buried in theProtestant Cemetery inRome.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Verlaci's name also is found under the formsVërlaci,Verlaçi,Verlaxhi, andVelaxhi. His first name also is written in various forms, includingShevket, as on hisgravestone.

References

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  1. ^Elsie, Robert (2010).Historical dictionary of Albania (2nd ed.). Lanham: Scarecrow Press. p. 105.ISBN 9780810873803.
  2. ^Elsie, Robert (2010).Historical Dictionary of Albania. Rowman & Littlefield.ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6.
  3. ^Pavlowitch, Stevan K. (September 25, 2014).A History of the Balkans 1804–1945. Routledge.ISBN 978-1-317-90017-7.
  4. ^"Njihuni me njeriun më të pasur në Shqipëri që u bë kryeministër, por vdiq si 'armik i popullit' në Zvicër".Shekulli (in Albanian). September 25, 2017. RetrievedJanuary 6, 2020.
  5. ^Besier, Gerhard; Stokłosa, Katarzyna (January 3, 2014).European Dictatorships: A Comparative History of the Twentieth Century. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.ISBN 978-1-4438-5521-1.
  6. ^"Qeveria e Shefqet Vërlacit (3 mars – 27 maj 1924) – ShtetiWeb".shtetiweb.org. August 24, 2012. RetrievedJanuary 6, 2020.
  7. ^Ilirjani, Altin; Elbasani, Arolda; Peshkopia, Ridvan (March 1, 2006).Albanian Journal of Politics: 2005. Globic Press.ISBN 978-0-9776662-2-5.
  8. ^"Dokumenti, si e prishi Zogu fejesën me Behije Vërlacin".www.panorama.com.al (in Albanian). RetrievedJanuary 6, 2020.
  9. ^Fischer, Bernd Jürgen; Fischer, Fischer, Bernd Jürgen (1999).Albania at War, 1939–1945. Purdue University Press.ISBN 978-1-55753-141-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^Lulushi, Albert (June 3, 2014).Operation Valuable Fiend: The CIA's First Paramilitary Strike Against the Iron Curtain. Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.ISBN 978-1-62872-394-6.
  11. ^Pavlović, Vojislav G. (January 1, 2014).Italy's Balkan Strategies (19th–20th Century). Balkanološki institut SANU.ISBN 978-86-7179-082-6.
Political offices
Preceded byPrime Minister of Albania
5 March 1924 – 2 June 1924		Succeeded by
Preceded byPrime Minister of Albania
12 April 1939 – 4 December 1941		Succeeded by
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