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Seversky A8V

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Version of the P-35 fighter built for the Japanese

A8V1 / AT-12
A8V1 "Shiokaze-go" used by The Asahi Shimbun Newspaper company
General information
Type	Fighter
National origin	United States
Manufacturer	Seversky
Primary users	Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service United States Army Air Corps Swedish Air Force
Number built	70
History
Introduction date	1937
First flight	15 August 1935
Retired	September 1952 (Sweden)
Developed from	Seversky P-35

TheA8V1 Type S Two Seat Fighter was an aircraft operated by theImperial Japanese Navy Air Service.

Design and development

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The origins of theSeversky P-35 single-seat fighter trace back to theSeversky SEV-3 amphibian, which was developed into the Seversky BT-8 basic trainer. Seversky's chief designer,Alexander Kartveli, also proposed a two-seat fighter derivative, theSEV-2XP. This was powered by a 735 hp (548 kW)Wright R-1670 radial engine. It had fixed landing gear in aerodynamic spats and was armed with one 0.50 in (12.70 mm) and one 0.30 in (7.62 mm) forward-firing machine guns plus an additional 0.30 in (7.62 mm) machine gun for rear defence.

When theUSAAC announced a competition for a new single-seat fighter in 1935, Seversky sent the SEV-2XP, confident it would win despite being a two-seater. However, the aircraft was damaged on 18 June 1935 during its transit to the fly-offs atWright Field. The Air Corps delayed the fly-off until March 1936, which allowed Seversky time to rework the fighter into the single-seatSEV-1XP with retractable landing gear and re-engined with theWright R-1820 radial.^[1]

In what proved to be an unpopular move for Seversky, twenty2PA-B3s were sold to theJapanese Navy, which briefly employed them in theSecond Sino-Japanese War asNavy Type S Two-Seat Fighter orA8V1 (Allied codenameDick).

Two demonstrators ended up in theUSSR; although a manufacturing licence was also bought, the Soviets undertook no production.

Sweden ordered 52 2PAs (known as theB 6), but only two were delivered before the remaining 50 were impounded in 1940 and put into service with the USAAC as theAT-12 Guardsman advanced trainer. On 18 June 1940, United States declared an embargo against exporting weapons to any nation other than the United Kingdom.

Variants

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2PA

Two-seat version ofSeversky P-35 with rear gunner.

2PA-202 - European demonstrator (1)

2PA-A - for USSR (1)

2PA-B - European demonstrator (1)

2PA-BX - European demonstrator (1)

2PA-B3 - 20 production aircraft forImperial Japanese Navy Air Service as Seversky A8V1.

2PA-L - for USSR (1)

A8V1 "Dick": Japanese designation for 2PA-B3 (and U.S. codename).
B 6: Swedish designation of the 2PA (only 2 delivered, see below).
AT-12 Guardsman: Two-seat advanced trainer for the USAAF (50 2PA ordered by Sweden, but impounded).

Operators

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Japan

Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service

Sweden

Swedish Air Force

United States

United States Army Air Corps

Specifications (A8V1)

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Data from^[2]

General characteristics

Crew: two
Length: 26 ft 11 in (8.2 m)
Wingspan: 36 ft 0 in (10.97 m)
Height: 9 ft 10 in (2.99 m)
Wing area: 220.0 sq ft (20.44 m²)
Empty weight: 4,581 lb (2,078 kg)
Gross weight: 7,659 lb (3,474 kg)
Powerplant: 1 ×Wright R-1820 Cyclone radial piston engine, 1,000 hp (750 kW)

Performance

Maximum speed: 316 mph (508 km/h, 274 kn)
Range: 1,950 mi (3,138 km, 1,694 nmi)
Service ceiling: 30,000 ft (9,100 m)

References

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Notes

^Green 1961
^Jane's All the World's Aircraft, 1938 edition

Bibliography

Davis Larry.P-35: Mini in Action (Mini Number 1). Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1994.ISBN 0-89747-321-3.
Fitzsimmons, Bernard.The Illustrated International Aircraft Guide Fighters of WWII, Part IX. London: MacDonald Phoebus Ltd., 1981.
Green, William.War Planes of the Second World War, Volume Four: Fighters. London: Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 1961 (Sixth impression 1969).ISBN 0-356-01448-7.
Hucker, Robert. "Seversky: Innovator and Prophet."Air Classics, 20th Anniversary Special Edition 1964–1984, 1984.
United States Air Force Museum Guidebook. Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: Air Force Museum Foundation, 1975.

External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toSeversky A8V.

Republic and Seversky aircraft

Seversky aircraft

Republic aircraft

Fighters	P-43 P-44 P-47 XP-69 XP-72 F-84 F-84F XF-84H XF-91 XF-103 F-105 AP-100
Reconnaissance	RF-84F SD-3 SD-4 XF-12
Missiles	JB-2 KGW KUW
Civil aircraft	RC-1 RC-2 RC-3

Names

Project numbers

AP-1
AP-2
AP-3
AP-4
AP-5
AP-6
AP-7
AP-8
AP-9
AP-10
AP-12
AP-16
AP-18
AP-19
AP-21
AP-22
AP-23
- M/X
AP-24
AP-31
AP-38
AP-41
AP-42
AP-43
AP-44
AP-46
AP-47
NP-48
NP-49
NP-50
NP-52
AP-54
AP-55
AP-57
AP-60
AP-63
AP-71
AP-75
AP-76
85
AP-90
AP-95
AP-96
AP-100
AP-106

United Statestrainer aircraft designations, Army/Air Force andTri-Service systems

Advanced trainer
(1925–1948)

Basic combat
(1936–1940)

Basic trainer
(1930–1948)

Primary trainer
(1924–1948)

Main sequence
(1948–present)

1948 redesignations	T-6 T-7 T-11 T-13² T-13A T-13B/D T-17 T-19
New designations	T-28 T-29 T-30 T-31 T-32 T-33 T-34 T-35 T-36 T-37 T-38 T-39 T-40 T-41² Grumman T-41 Cessna T-41 T-42 T-43 T-44 T-45 T-46 T-47² T-47A OT-47B T-48² YT-48 T-48TS T-49 T-50 T-51 T-52 T-53 T-54

Alternate sequences

1962 redesignations	T-1 T-2
Since 1990	T-1 T-2¹ T-3 T-4¹ T-5¹ T-6 T-7

¹ Not assigned • ² Assigned to multiple types

Swedish military aircraft designations 1926–current

By role

Attack aircraft (A)	A 1 A 28 A 29 A 32 A 36 AJ 37 A 38 JAS 39
Bombers (B)	B 1 B 2 B 3 B 4 B 5 B 6 B 7 B 8 B 16 B 17 B 18 B 24 B 26
Army aeroplanes (Fpl)	Fpl 51 Fpl 53 Fpl 54 Fpl 61
Gliders² (G/Lg/Se)	G 101 Se 102 Se 103 Se 104 Lg 105
Helicopter² (Hkp)	Hkp 1 Hkp 2 Hkp 3 Hkp 4 Hkp 5 HKP 6 HKP 9 HKP 10 HKP 11 HKP 14 HKP 15 HKP 16
Fighters (J)	J 1 J 2 J 3 J 4 J 5 J 6 J 7 J 8 J 9 J 10 J 11 J 12 J 19 J 20 J 21/21R J 22 J 23 J 24 J 26 J 27 J 28 J 29 J 30 J 31 J 32 J 33 J 34 J 35 JA 37 JAS 39
Advanced trainers (Ö)	Ö 1 Ö 2 Ö 3 Ö 4 Ö 5 Ö 6 Ö 7 Ö 8 Ö 9
Trials aircraft (P)	P 1 P 2 P 3 P 4 P 5 P 6 P 7 P 8/P 8A/P 8B P 9A/P 9B
Reconnaissance (S)	S 1 S 2 S 3 S 4 S 5 S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 S 10 S 11 S 12 S 13 S 14 S 15 S 16 S 17 S 18 S 22 S 26 S 29 S 31 S 32 S 35 SF 37/SH 37 JAS 39 S 100
Trainers (Sk)	Sk 1 Sk 2 Sk 3 Sk 4 Sk 5 Sk 6 Sk 7 Sk 8 Sk 9 Sk 10 Sk 11 Sk 12 Sk 14 Sk 15 Sk 16 Sk 25 Sk 26 Sk 28 Sk 35 Sk 38 Sk 40 Sk 50 Sk 60 Sk 61
Torpedo bombers (T)	T 1 T 2 T 16 T 18
Transports (Trp/Tp)	Trp 1 Trp 2/2A Trp 3 Trp 4 Tp 5 Tp 6 Tp 7 Tp 8/8A Tp 9 Tp 10 Tp 16 Tp 24 Tp 45 Tp 46 Tp 47 Tp 52 Tp 53 Tp 54 Tp 55 Tp 78 Tp 79 Tp 80 Tp 81 Tp 82 Tp 83 Tp 84 Tp 85 Tp 86 Tp 87 Tp 88 Tp 89 Tp 91 Tp 100 Tp 101 Tp 102 Tp 103

Post–1940
unified sequence

16
17
18
19
20
21/21R
22
23
24¹
- B/J 24
- Tp 24
25
26¹
- B/S 26
- J/S 26
- Sk 26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
45
46
47
50
51
52
53
54
55
60
61
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
Tp 87
88
89
91
100
- S 100
101
102
103

Italics Pre-unification designations • ¹ Assigned to multiple types • ² Not unified with main sequence

v t e Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft designations (short system)
Fighters (A)	A1N A2N A3N A4N A5M A6M A7He A7M A8V AXB¹ AXD¹ AXG¹ AXH¹ AXHe¹ AXV¹
Torpedo bombers (B)	B1M B2M B3N B3Y B4M B4N B4Y B5M B5N B6N B7A BXN¹ C6N1-B²
Shipboard reconnaissance (C)	C1M C2N C3N C4A C5M C6N CXP¹ D4Y1-C² E4N2-C²
Dive bombers (D)	D1A D2A D2N D2Y D3A D3M D3N D3Y D4Y D5Y DXD¹ DXHe¹
Reconnaissance seaplanes (E)	E1Y E2N E3A E4N E5K E5Y E6Y E7K E8A E8K E8N E9W E10A E10K E11A E11K E12A E12K E12N E13A E13K E14W E14Y E15K E16A
Observation seaplanes (F)	F1A F1M J1N1-F²
Land-based bombers (G)	G1M (I) G1M (II) G2H G3M G4M G5N G6M G7M G8N G9K³ G10N³
Flying Boats (H)	H1H H2H H3H H3K H4H H5Y H6K H7K H8K H9A H10H H11K HXC¹ HXD¹ HXP¹
Land-based Fighters (J)	J1N J2M J3K J4M J5N J6K J7W J8M J9N³ N1K1-J/N1K2-J²
Trainers (K)	K1Y K2Y K3M K4Y K5Y K6K K6M K6W K7M K8K K8Ni N8P K8W K9W K10W K11W KXA¹ KXBu¹ KXC¹ KXJ¹ KXHe¹ KXL¹ A5M4-K² A6M2-K² B5N1-K² D3Y1-K² E13A1-K² F1M2-K² G6M1-K² M6A1-K² Q1W1-K²
Transports (L)	L1N L2D L3Y L4M L7P LXC¹ LXD¹ LXF¹ LXG (KR-2)¹ LXG (G-21)¹ LXHe¹ LXJ (Ju 60)¹ LXJ (Ju 86)¹ LXK¹ LXM¹ G5N2-L² G6M1-L² H6K2-L/H6K4-L² H8K1-L/H8K2-L/H8K4-L² H11K1-L² K3M3-L²
Special-purpose (M)¹	M6A MXJ1 MXY1 MXY2 MXY2 MXY4 MXY5 MXY6 MXY7 MXY8 MXY9 MXY10 MXY11 MXZ1
Floatplane fighters (N)	N1K A6M2-N²
Land-based bombers (P)	P1Y P2M
Patrol (Q)	Q1W Q2M Q3W
Land-based reconnaissance (R)	R1Y R2Y D4Y2-R² J1N1-R²
Night fighters (S)	S1A C6N1-S² D4Y2-S² E13A1a-S/E13A1b-S² J1N1-S² P1Y1-S/P1Y2-S²
¹ X as second letter is for experimental aircraft or imported technology demonstrators not intended for service,² Hyphenated trailing letter (-J, -K, -L, -N or -S) denotes design modified for secondary role,³ Possibly incorrect designation, but used in many sources

v t e World War II Allied reporting names for Japanese aircraft
Aircraft in Japanese service	Abdul Alf Ann Babs Baka Belle Betty Bob Buzzard Cedar Cherry Clara Claude Cypress Dave Dick Dinah Dot Edna Emily Eva Eve Frances Frank Gander George Glen Goose Grace Gwen Hamp Hank Hap Helen Hickory Ida (Ki-36) Ida (Ki-55) Irving Jack Jake Jane Jean Jerry Jill Jim Judy Kate Kate 61 Laura Lily Liz Lorna Loise Louise Luke Mabel Mary Mavis Myrt Nate Nell Nick Norm Oak Oscar Pat Patsy Paul Peggy Perry Pete Pine Rex Rita Rob Rufe Ruth Sally Sally III Sam Sandy Slim Sonia Spruce Stella Steve Susie Tabby Tess Thalia Thelma Theresa Thora Tina Tillie Toby Tojo Tony Topsy Val Willow Zeke Zeke 32
Foreign aircraft thought to be in Japanese service	Bess (Heinkel He 111) Doc (Messerschmitt Bf 110) Fred (Focke Wulf Fw 190) Irene (Junkers Ju 87) Janice (Junkers Ju 88) Mike (Messerschmitt Bf 109) Millie (Vultee V-11) Trixie (Junkers Ju 52) Trudy (Focke-Wulf Fw 200)

World War II Allied reporting names for Japanese aircraft

Aircraft in Japanese service