The following events occurred inSeptember 1913:

• The anti-government rebellion in southern China was brought to an end, when all six rebellious provinces surrendered to the Beiyang Army, led by GeneralZhang Xun, retookNanjing.^[1]
• French aviatorAdolphe Pégoud demonstrated that he could fly an airplane upside-down on a sustained flight, traveling for 400 metres (1,300 ft). He was using a specially constructed Bleriot monoplane, and after reaching 3,000 feet (910 m), put the plane in a quarter-loop and kept it in the upside down position.^[2] Pégoud, who would fly a full vertical loop on September 21, also did a "vertical-S" trick, which was reported in the press as having "looped the loop".^[3][4]
• George Bernard Shaw's satirical play,Androcles and the Lion, was performed for the first time.^[5]
• A tropical storm off theEast Coast of the United States intensified into aCategory 1 hurricane.^[6]
• TheNational Conservation Exposition officially opened inKnoxville, Tennessee.^[7]
• Lucy Maud Montgomery published her novelThe Golden Road, one of the few not involving her famous characterAnne Shirley. The story was inspired by childhood stories shared by her great-aunt Mary Lawson, who Montgomery dedicated in her book.^[8]
• Thefirst major post office opened inKingfisher, Oklahoma. It would be added to theNational Register of Historic Places in 1978.^[9]
• TheWillamette University College of Medicine merged with the medical program of theUniversity of Oregon.^{[10][page needed]}
• Born:
  • Ludwig Merwart, Austrian artist, noted artist for thedocumenta exhibition; inVienna,Austria-Hungary (present-dayAustria) (d.1979)^{[citation needed]}
  • Woody Stephens, American racehorse trainer, trained 11Eclipse Award horses, five timeBelmont Stakes champion; as Woodford Stephens, inStanton, Kentucky,United States (d.1998)^{[citation needed]}

• A collision between two trains on theNew York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad inNew Haven, Connecticut killed 21 passengers and injured 30.^[11][12][13]
• A rear-end collision between two sections of the London-Scotland express atCarlisle,England caused a fire that burned 15 passengers to death.^[14][15]
• The village ofAbbey, Saskatchewan was established.^[16]
• Born:
  • Bill Shankly, Scottishassociation football player and manager,midfielder forPreston from 1933 to 1949 and theScotland national football team from 1938 to 1949, coach forLiverpool from 1959 to 1964, two timeFA Cup champion; as William Shankly, inGlenbuck,Scotland (d.1981)^{[citation needed]}
  • Israel Gelfand, Soviet mathematician, known for his contributions togroup theory,representation theory, andfunctional analysis, recipient of theOrder of Lenin; inOkny,Kherson Governorate,Russian Empire (present-dayUkraine) (d.2009)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:
  • Thomas Sperry, American entrepreneur, co-founder ofS&H Green Stamps (b.1864)^{[citation needed]}
  • Bill Miner, American outlaw, nicknamed "The Gentleman Robber", reputed for coming up with the phrase "Hands up!" (b.1847)^{[citation needed]}

• Ahurricane struckNorth Carolina with 85 mph (140 km/h) winds and a minimum barometric pressure of 976 mbar (28.8 inHg), causing five deaths and $4–5 million in property and crop damages.^[6][17][18]
• Severnaya Zemlya, a group of islands located above theArctic Circle, was discovered on a hydrographic expedition by the crew of the Russian icebreakersTaimyr andVaigach, and was named 'Emperor Nicholas II Land' by the explorers, in honor of theTsar.^[19] Thearchipelago would prove to be the last major group of previously unknown lands on Earth to be discovered.^[20]
• William Howard Taft, who had finished his term asPresident of the United States six months earlier, was elected President of theAmerican Bar Association.^[21]
• The battleshipReşadiye was launched byVickers inBarrow-in-Furness,England to serve in theOttoman Navy. She was seized by theRoyal Navy at the start ofWorld War I and recommissioned asHMSErin. She was decommissioned in 1922.^[22]
• Born:Alan Ladd, American actor, best known for the title role in the movie WesternShane, as well asfilm noir filmsThis Gun for Hire,The Glass Key, andThe Blue Dahlia; inHot Springs, Arkansas,United States (d.1964)^{[citation needed]}

• Ernst August Wagner, a schoolteacher in the German village ofMühlhausen,Württemberg,Germany, murdered his wife, four local children and eleven other adults, after setting fires in different locations.^[23][24]
• Thehurricane that lashedNorth Carolina weakened and dissipated overGeorgia.^[6]
• Dormer Tools was founded inSheffield,England, growing to become an international supplier of high-end cutting tools.^[25]
• Born:
  • Stanford Moore, American biochemist, recipient of theNobel Prize in Chemistry for his research intoribonuclease; inChicago,United States (d.1982)^{[citation needed]}
  • Kenzō Tange, Japanese architect, recipient of thePritzker Architecture Prize for developingmetabolism in modern building construction; inSakai,Empire of Japan (present-dayJapan) (d.2005)^{[citation needed]}
  • Mickey Cohen, American gangster, crime boss inNew York City andLos Angeles; as Meyer Harris Cohen, inNew York City, United States (d.1976)^{[citation needed]}
  • Boone Guyton, American aviator, test pilot for theVought F4U Corsair aircraft; inEast St. Louis, Illinois, United States (d.1996)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:
  • Henry Billings Brown, American judge,Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1890 to 1906, best known for authoring the majority opinion inPlessy v. Ferguson upholding the constitutionality of racial segregation laws (b.1836)^{[citation needed]}
  • Shōzō Tanaka, Japanese politician, leader promoter of theMeiji Restoration inJapan (b.1841)^{[citation needed]}

• A fire in the city ofHot Springs, Arkansas, destroyed 55 city blocks of property, causing damages of six million dollars.^[11] The blaze started "in a negro dwelling on Church Street," then spread southeast, destroying the county courthouse, the city high school, four hotels, the Iron Mountain railroad station and "a hundred or more business buildings and many residences."^[26]
• TheFiremen's Memorial was unveiled onRiverside Drive inManhattan,New York City to commemorate the firefighters that died in service to the city since theRevolutionary War.^[27]
• Sergei Prokofiev'sPiano Concerto No. 2 was performed for the first time. The manuscript would be destroyed by fire in 1917 during theRussian Revolution, and Prokofiev would reconstruct it, introducing a new version on May 8, 1924.^[28]
• Born:George E. Valley, American nuclear physicist who developed theH2X radar for American bombers inWorld War II, and later conceptualized theSemi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) missile defense system; inNew York City,United States (d.1999)^{[citation needed]}

• Professional track athleteHans Holmér won the British championship for the mile run, winning inEdinburgh at 4 minutes, 24.4 seconds.^[29]
• TheArsenal Football Club played their first game in the newly openedArsenal Stadium inHighbury,England, with a 2–1 win againstLeicester.^{[30][additional citation(s) needed]}
• Hideyo Noguchi of theRockefeller Institute announced that he had isolated the virus that causes rabies.^[31]
• Excavation of thePanama Canal was completed, and theCulebra Cut was scheduled to be flooded on October 9.^[32]
• TheCentral Library, designed by architectA. E. Doyle, opened inPortland, Oregon, as one of the first libraries in theUnited States to be built around anopen plan design.^{[citation needed]} It would be added to theNational Register of Historic Places in 1979.^{[33][additional citation(s) needed]}
• U.S. PresidentWoodrow Wilson and his physician, Dr. Carey Grayson, were almost run over by a streetcar while walking back to the White House at night. To avoid an accident, a policeman jumped in front of the streetcar, raising both of his hands to signal it to stop. The car stopped within 10 feet (3.0 m) from the President and physician.^[34]
• Born:
  • Ross Munro, Canadian journalist, known for his coverage of all key Canadian military campaigns duringWorld War II; as Robert Ross Munro, inOttawa,Canada (d.1990)^{[citation needed]}
  • Wesley A. Swift, American religious leader, founder of theChurch of Jesus Christ–Christian and proponent of the white supremacist ideologyChristian Identity; inNew Jersey,United States (d.1970)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:James Orr, Scottish theologian, contributor toThe Fundamentals, a collection of works considered the foundation ofChristian fundamentalism (b.1844)^{[citation needed]}

• Outraged over the killing of Japanese nationals atNanjing,China, 15,000 people protested outside the Foreign Ministry inTokyo and demanded military action againstChina.Japan demanded an apology and payment of damages, a request which would initially be ignored.^[35]
• Theassociation football clubAlagoano was established inMaceió,Brazil.^[36]
• Theassociation football clubUnião was established inMogi das Cruzes,Brazil.^[37]
• Born:Valerie Taylor, American novelist, pioneer inlesbian pulp fiction during the 1950s and 1960s; as Velma Nacella Young, inAurora, Illinois,United States (d.1997)^{[citation needed]}

• The poem "September 1913", byW. B. Yeats, was first published, inThe Irish Times, with the title "Romance in Ireland." The 32 line poem referred to late Irish separatistJohn O'Leary, and contained the refrain, "Romantic Ireland's dead and gone, It's with O'Leary in the grave."^[38]
• The Broadway musicalSweethearts, with music byVictor Herbert and lyrics byRobert B. Smith, premiered at theNew Amsterdam Theatre inNew York City.^[39]
• Born:Mary Carew, American athlete, gold medalist at the1932 Summer Olympics; inMedford, Massachusetts,United States (d.2002)^{[citation needed]}

• In the skies nearKiev, Russian aviatorPyotr Nesterov became the first person to execute aloop. Nesterov, a pilot for theImperial Russian Air Service took aNieuport airplane aloft, and when he reached an altitude of 3,300 feet (1,000 m), shut off the engine, then took the plane on a vertical dive, restarted it at 2,000 feet (610 m), and "kept on pulling until the horizon slid up over his head," then came back to right-side up.^[40] When he landed, he was arrested and spent ten days in jail for negligent use of government property.Adolphe Pégoud ofFrance would make a loop nine days later and get publicity first.^[41]
• Fourteen German Navy members were killed out of 21 crewmen on the ZeppelinL-1, newly commissioned by theImperial German Navy, wrecked in theNorth Sea, 18 miles (29 km) off the coast of Heligoland.^[42]

• Chemical manufacturerBASF started the world's first plant for the production of fertilizer based on theHaber–Bosch process inLudwigshafen,Germany, feeding today about a third of the world's population.^[43]
• TheUnited States Department of Agriculture reported an "unprecedented" yield in wheat production for 1913. "Never before in the history of the country has there been such a bountiful wheat harvest as has been gathered this year,"The New York Times noted.^[44]
• Robert Owen Jr. was awarded U.S. patent number 1,072,980 for his invention of theratchet wrench, applied for on February 3.^[45]
• The Olivebridge Dam was completed on theHudson River, creating theAshokan Reservoir, to provide 250,000,000 gallons of water a day to New York City. In 1924, theGilboa Dam would open, providing twice as much water to the city.^{[46][page needed]}
• The sculptureFountain of the Great Lakes byLorado Taft was unveiled onMichigan Avenue inChicago. It was later moved to theArt Institute of Chicago inGrant Park.^[47]
• Born:Harry Snyder, Canadian-American entrepreneur, co-founder ofIn-N-Out Burger; inVancouver,Canada (d.1976)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Paul de Smet de Naeyer, Belgian state leader, 16thPrime Minister of Belgium (b.1843)^{[citation needed]}

September 10 and 29, 1913: NYC Mayor Gaynor, Engine inventor Diesel, die at sea

• William Jay Gaynor, theMayor of New York City since 1910, died suddenly while on the ocean linerRMSBaltic, as it was nearingLiverpool. Gaynor, who had announced his candidacy for re-election only one week earlier, had been in poor health since being wounded in an assassination attempt onAugust 9, 1910, and was succeeded byArdolph L. Kline, who presided over theBoard of Aldermen.^[48] Gaynor's body would lie in state at the Town Hall ofLiverpool, after which the body was transported back to the U.S. On September 21, his funeral would be held at the City Hall in New York.^[49]
• Jean Sibelius's tone poemLuonnotar was premiered at theThree Choirs Festival inGloucester Cathedral, England, with sopranoAino Ackté and orchestra conducted byHerbert Brewer.^[50]
• A boiler explosion aboard theU.S. Navytorpedo boatdestroyerUSS Craven (TB-10) killed four sailors.^[51]
• Born:Lincoln Gordon, American academic and diplomat, 9th President ofJohns Hopkins University, developed theAlliance for Progress of U.S. economic aid toLatin America; as Abraham Lincoln Gordon, inNew York City,United States (d.2009)^{[citation needed]}

• Joseph Ward, who had beenPrime Minister of New Zealand until March 1912, was selected again to lead the Liberal Party after returning from an extended holiday in London, and becameLeader of the Opposition.^[52]
• Dominican Republic gunboats bombarded the city ofPuerto Plata, the base for anti-government rebels.^[11][53]
• The first edition ofThe Frostburg Spirit weekly newspaper was published inFrostburg, Maryland, but its time was short-lived and paper published its last edition January 1915.^[54]
• Born:Paul "Bear" Bryant, American football coach, six timeNCAA Division I national champion withUniversity of Alabama; inMoro Bottom, Arkansas,United States (d.1983)^{[citation needed]}

• TheNiels Bohrquantum model of the atom was first presented at the 83rd annual meeting of theBritish Association for the Advancement of Science inBirmingham,England, with mixed reactions from the scientists.^{[55][page needed]}
• Born:
  • Jesse Owens, American athlete, four-time gold medalist at the1936 Summer Olympics; as James Cleveland Owens, inOakville, Alabama,United States (d.1980)^{[citation needed]}
  • Eiji Toyoda, Japanese industrialist, founder of theToyota Motor Corporation; inNagoya,Empire of Japan (present-dayJapan) (d.2013)^{[citation needed]}
  • Gerardo de León, Filipino film director, known for films includingThe Moises Padilla Story, and cult movies such asTerror Is a Man,Brides of Blood, andThe Mad Doctor of Blood Island; inManila,Philippine Islands (present-dayPhilippines) (d.1981)^{[citation needed]}

• The impeachment trial of New York GovernorWilliam Sulzer began in the State Senate.^[11]
• TheBell of Chersonesos was returned byFrance toRussia after having been seized almost 60 years earlier during theCrimean War.^{[citation needed]}
• Romanian pilotAurel Vlaicu, who pioneered aviation inRomania, died when his airplane crashed while trying to fly across theCarpathian Mountains.^[56]
• Born:
  • Herman Goldstine, American computer scientist, helped develop theENIAC computer; inChicago,United States (d.2004)^{[citation needed]}
  • W. Stanford Reid, Canadian theologian, noted professor of theology forMcGill University andUniversity of Guelph; as William Stanford Reid, inWestmount, Quebec,Canada (d.1996)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Prince George Alexandrovich Yuryevsky, Russian noble, son ofAlexander II of Russia (b.1872)^{[citation needed]}

• The proposed route for theLincoln Highway, which would become the first transcontinental paved highway in theUnited States, was announced in newspapers across the country.^{[57][page needed][58]}
• Baseball pitcherLarry Cheney of theChicago Cubs, set a Major League record that still stands, for most hits allowed in a shutout. Although the Cubs got only 11 hits, and theNew York Giants got 14, the Cubs still won 7–0.^[59][60]
• TheFederação Bahiana de Futebol was established to manage allassociation football tournaments inBahia,Brazil.^[61]
• Theassociation football Brusquense was established inBrusque, Santa Catarina,Brazil. It was renamedCarlos Renaux in 1944.^[62]
• The Sorocaba Athletic Club was established inSorocaba,Brazil but renamedSão Bento a year later.^[63]
• Born:Jacobo Árbenz, Guatemalan state leader, 25thPresident of Guatemala; as Juan Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán, inQuetzaltenango,Guatemala (d.1971)^{[citation needed]}

• The first successfulfour-wheel drive vehicle, theJeffery Quad, was delivered to the United States Army by theThomas B. Jeffery Company. With modifications, the Quad would become the transport vehicle of choice for the armies of France, Russia and the United States during World War One, and a civilian version would become popular following its debut in April 1914.^[64]
• Born:John N. Mitchell, American politician, 67thUnited States Attorney General, convicted and served time for his involvement in theWatergate scandal; inDetroit,United States (d.1988)^{[citation needed]}

• InLibya, Arab tribesmen fought with the occupying Italian Army, killing 33 officers and soldiers, including their leader, GeneralAlfonso Torelli. Another 73 Italians were wounded, and the Libyan losses were unknown.^[65]

• TheAnti-Defamation League was founded at a convention of theB'nai B'rith in Chicago, withSigmund Livingston as its first president.^[66]
• Born:Ata Kandó, Hungarian-Dutch photographer, recipient of theRighteous Among the Nations for helpingJews escapeThe Holocaust duringWorld War II; as Etelka Görög, inBudapest,Austria-Hungary (present-dayHungary) (d.2017)^{[citation needed]}

• The bill for theFederal Reserve Act was passed by theUnited States House of Representatives, 287 – 95, and moved on to theUnited States Senate. On December 19, the Senate would pass the bill 54 – 34, and the measure, creating theFederal Reserve and theFederal Reserve Board of Governors, would be signed into law by U.S. PresidentWoodrow Wilson on December 22.^[67]
• British oil tankerDesabla was launched byHawthorn Leslie and Company inNewcastle upon Tyne,England to serve in the Pacific and Atlantic sea routes. She was sunk by a GermanU-boat in 1915.^[68]

• Mexican terrorists dynamited a railroad train, sixty miles south ofSaltillo,Mexico, killing 40 soldiers and 10 second-class passengers. Reportedly, the rebels had set on the track two land mines, which were "set off by electricity."^[69]
• The first German counterpart of the renownedSalon d'Automne exhibit inParis opened inBerlin, featuring 366 paintings by 90 artists from 12 countries includingFranz Marc (The Tower of Blue Horses), with artistsGuillaume Apollinaire andFilippo Tommaso Marinetti delivering accompanying lectures.^[70]
• Born:Frances Farmer, American actress, known for films includingRhythm on the Range; inSeattle,United States (d.1970)^{[citation needed]}

• United States Secretary of StateWilliam Jennings Bryan signed treaties inWashington, D.C., with the Foreign Ministers ofPanama andGuatemala, joiningEl Salvador in signing the Convention for the Establishment of International Commissions of Inquiry, as a means of resolving disputes between the nations without war.^[11][71]
• With the Canadian exploration shipHMCSKarluk trapped in theArctic ice, expedition leaderVilhjalmur Stefansson and a few shipmates set off on what was to be a ten-day hunt for food for the ship. Stefansson would return to find that the ice pack, and the trapped ship, had floated away.^[72]
• The foundation stone for theGoetheanum, center for theanthroposophical movement founded byRudolf Steiner, was set at the building site in the Switzerland town ofDornach, though construction would not be finished for another nine years.^[73]
• Francis Ouimet, a 20-year-old American amateur, won theU.S. Open in a three-way playoff against five time British Open winnerHarry Vardon and defending British Open championTed Ray. At the end of the regulation four rounds, all three had scores of 304 on 72 holes. In a majorupset, the relatively unknown Ouimet scored a 72, compared to Vardon's 77 and Ray's 78 in the playoff.^{[74][75][page needed]}
• Theassociation football clubGuarany was established inCruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil.^[76]

• Twelve days after Pyotr Nesterov's September 9 loop atKiev,Adolphe Pégoud duplicated the feat. Because Nesterov's "misuse" of an airplane was not mentioned in the Russian press, Pégoud was reported to have been the first person to perform the aerial maneuver of flying an airplane in a vertical circle and inspired pilots worldwide to try similar stunts.^[77]

• ThePhiladelphia Athletics clinched the American League baseball title, after beating theDetroit Tigers in a doubleheader, 4-0 and 1–0, with a 12-game lead over theCleveland Naps and only 11 games left in the season.^[78]
• The filmIvanhoe, starringKing Baggot in the title role and directed byHerbert Brenon, was released in the United States byUniversal Pictures.^[79]
• The playSeven Keys to Baldpate byGeorge M. Cohan premiered at theAstor Theatre inNew York City for a run of 320 performances.^[80]
• Born:Lillian Chestney, American comic book artist, known for her comic adaptations ofArabian Nights andGulliver's Travels; inNew York City,United States (d.2000)^{[citation needed]}

• Roland Garros made an unprecedented airplane trip across the sea, crossing the Mediterranean fromFréjus,France, and landing inBizerte,Tunisia, on a 558-mile (898 km) flight of slightly less than eight hours.^[81] Garros took off at 5:27 in the morning and, though a cylinder head on the airplane motor broke in mid-flight, avoided landing on the islands ofCorsica orSardinia. With "barely 5 liters of fuel left— enough for only a few more minutes of flying," Garros sighted the French naval base atTunisia and landed at the parade ground.^[82]
• Albanian nationalistIsa Boletini led a revolt in Serbian-occupiedMacedonia, with 6,000 fighters taking control of the western Macedonian towns ofDebar andOhrid, which would revert to Yugoslavian control afterWorld War I.^[83]
• Born:Carl-Henning Pedersen, Danish painter, member of theCOBRA movement; inCopenhagen,Netherlands (d.2007)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Patrick Ford, Irish-American newspaper publisher and editor ofThe Irish World (b.1837)^{[citation needed]}

• AtMelun, French airman Albert Moreau demonstrated the first airplane with anautomatic pilot, winning a prize for the design for stability control. Moreau, taking a brave passenger with him, "flew 17 miles without touching the controls of the machine." "Throughout the flight," theNew York Times wrote, "even when the machine banked over and rolled so much that the passenger asked him to take the controls, Moreau sat calmly, with his arms folded, and the machine always righted itself."^[84]
• A delegation of 500 Protestants in northern Ireland met inBelfast to organize resistance to the proposedHome Rule law, and pledged to resist any decrees made by an Irish Parliament.^[49]
• Philanthropist George Coupland dedicated a new hospital inGainsborough, Lincolnshire,England in memory of his fatherJohn Coupland.^[85] The hospital would become known for treating woundedAllied soldiers duringWorld War I.^[86]
• The organ compositionIntroduction, Passacaglia and Fugue by German composerMax Reger was first performed by organistKarl Straube inBreslau,Germany.^[87]
• Born:Wilson Rawls, American children's writer, author ofWhere the Red Fern Grows andSummer of the Monkeys, inScraper, Oklahoma (d.1984);Herb Jeffries, American singer and actor, known for film roles inHarlem on the Prairie andThe Bronze Buckaroo; inDetroit,United States (d.2014)^{[citation needed]}

• Baltimore,Maryland became the first U.S. city to have an ordinance "requiring the use of separateblocks for residences by white and colored people respectively," with a law going into effect creating separate zones for Whites and African-Americans to live.^[88] Three previous attempts to segregate Baltimore, with the original plan being to force people to leave their homes, had been struck down as unconstitutional by the Maryland appellate courts; the 1913 ordinance would be deemed acceptable because it only applied to people moving to an area after the law took effect.^{[89][page needed]} Similar ordinances to prohibit people from different races from living on the same city block, would soon be enacted in other Southern cities, includingAtlanta,St. Louis andBirmingham, Alabama.^[90]
• Stage actorCharlie Chaplin began his movie career, signing a one-year contract withKeystone Studios for a salary of $150 per week.^[91]
• The Greenbrier resort opened nearWhite Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. It was added to theNational Register of Historic Places in 1974.^[92][93]
• Born:
  • Charles Helou, Lebanese state leader, 15thPresident of Lebanon; inBeirut,Ottoman Empire (present-dayLebanon) (d.2001)^{[citation needed]}
  • Josef Bican, Austrian-Czechassociation football player,striker for theAustria andCzechoslovakia national football teams from 1933 to 1949, second-highest goal scorer ever afterErwin Helmchen; inVienna,Austria-Hungary (present-dayAustria) (d.2001)^{[citation needed]}
  • Kenneth Mackenzie, Australian poet and novelist, author ofThe Young Desire It andThe Refuge; inPinjarra, Western Australia,Australia (drowning accident,1955)^{[citation needed]}
  • Norman O. Brown, American academic, best known for his research into theclassics, author ofLife Against Death andLove's Body; inEl Oro, Mexico (d.2002)^{[citation needed]}
  • Maria Tănase, Romanian singer, known for hertraditional Romanian, opera and contemporary song hits, inBucharest,Kingdom of Romania (present-dayRomania) (d.1963)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Seaborn Roddenbery, American politician, U.S. Representative forGeorgia, campaigned for a constitutional amendment to outlaw interracial marriages throughout theUnited States (b.1870)^{[citation needed]}

• A tugboat became the first vessel to pass through thelocks of the Panama Canal, sailing from theAtlantic Ocean and arriving at theGatun Lake after being raised to the lake's level through three chambers.^[94] The old tugboat was, appropriately, named theGatún.^[95]
• Japan sent a three-day ultimatum toChina, demanding reparations and an apology for the deaths of more Japanese citizens inNanjing and for "insults to the flag".^[96] General Chang Hsun, commander of government troops atNanjing, apologized two days later, appearing before the Japanese consulate "accompanied by a bodyguard of 800 men".^[97]
• Born:Terence Patrick O'Sullivan, British engineer, founder of T. P. O'Sullivan and Partners which were involved in many industrial projects forAsia andAfrica as well as the modernization of the British railway system in 1955, inLondon (d.1970)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:H. G. Pélissier, British comedian, member of the comedic troupePelissier's Follies (b.1874)^{[citation needed]}

• Philadelphia became the first American city to implement the use ofchlorine fordisenfection of its drinking water, a process that would become the standard in the United States by 1941.^[98]
• Around 12,000 men marched in a parade to protestIrish Home Rule inUlster,Ireland.^[99]
• Some 65Syndicalist organizations fromEurope andLatin America met inHolborn,London to discuss and create an international body representing radical labor interests.^[100]
• Baseball'sNew York Giants captured theNational League pennant, despite losing 4–0 to theBrooklyn Dodgers, because the second placePhiladelphia Phillies lost as well. AsThe New York Times put it, "The Phillies may now win all of their remaining games and the Giants lose all of theirs and the New Yorks will be victors by one full game. Hurrah!"^[101]
• Born:
  • Albert Ellis, American psychologist, credited for developingrational emotive behavior therapy; inPittsburgh,United States (d.2007)^{[citation needed]}
  • Charlotte Thompson Reid, American politician, U.S. Representative forIllinois from 1963 to 1971; as Charlotte Leota Thompson, inKankakee, Illinois, United States (d.2007)^{[citation needed]}

• GeneralFélix Díaz was nominated as the Labor Party's candidate forPresident of Mexico in the upcoming October 26 elections.^[102]
• Born:
  • Alice Marble, American tennis player, winner of 18Grand Slam titles; inBeckwourth, California,United States (d.1990)^{[citation needed]}
  • Warja Lavater, Swiss artist, known for her work on illustrations for fairy tales for children's book, and key logo designs for Swiss companies; inWinterthur,Switzerland (d.2007)^{[citation needed]}
  • Richard M. Bohart, American biologist, leading researcher inentomology especially for flies and wasps, inPalo Alto, California, United States (d.2007)^{[citation needed]}

• TheOttoman Empire andBulgaria signed theTreaty of Constantinople, ending the last dispute in theSecond Balkan War.^[103] That day,Bulgaria released its casualty reports for the First and Second Balkan Wars, announcing that 44,892 of its soldiers had been killed, and another 104,586 wounded.^[11]
• Maurice Prévost of France set a new speed record, traveling 125 miles per hour (201 km/h) in an airplane at the International Aeroplane Cup race atReims.^[49]
• Sir Thomas Bowater was elected asLord Mayor of London.^[49]

• Thomas Mott Osborne, the Chairman of New York's State Commission on Prison Reform, began his personal investigation of prison conditions by spending a week as prisoner "Tom Brown" at theAuburn State Prison. At a chapel service the day before, Osborne and Auburn's warden informed the prisoners of what he was doing but did not let the guards know. After witnessing conditions from the inside for a week, Osborne recommended immediate reforms.^[104]
• Rudolf Diesel, the German engineer who invented thediesel engine, was last seen alive after retiring to his cabin on the passenger steamerSSDresden. He was found missing the next day; his cabin bed had not been slept in and his hat and neatly folded overcoat were discovered beneath the afterdeck railing. His body would be found in the ocean on October 10.^[105]
• Born:
  • Trevor Howard, British actor, known for roles inBrief Encounter andThe Third Man; as Trevor Howard-Smith, inBushey,Hertfordshire,England (d.1988)^{[citation needed]}
  • Stanley Kramer, American film director and producer, known for films includingHigh Noon,Inherit the Wind, andGuess Who's Coming to Dinner; inNew York City,United States (d.2001)^{[citation needed]}
  • Frank Neuhauser, American lawyer, firstNational Spelling Bee champion; inLouisville, Kentucky, United States (d.2011)^{[citation needed]}
  • Silvio Piola, Italianassociation football player, striker for theItaly national football team from 1935 to 1952,1938 World Cup champion,highest ever goalscorer in Italy'sSerie A; inRobbio,Kingdom of Italy (present-dayItaly) (d.1996)^{[citation needed]}
  • Dennis Sandole, American jazz musician, best known as mentor toJohn Coltrane; as Dionigi Sandoli, inPhiladelphia, United States (d.2000)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:John F. Lacey, American politician, U.S. Representative fromIowa from 1889 to 1907, author of theLacey Acts of 1900 and1907 (b.1841)^{[citation needed]}

• TheUnited Kingdom withdrew its support for the five-nation banking loan toChina for railroad construction.^[11]
• All 54 passengers and crew of the British freighterTemplemore were rescued after a wireless distress call was sent from the ship, sinking in the mid-Atlantic. The shipArcadia received the signal and carried out the evacuation.^[11]
• TheLorraine was launched byArsenal de Lorient as the third of three battleshipsin her class to serve in theMediterranean Sea duringWorld War I. She would also serve inWorld War II before being decommissioned in 1953.^[106]
• The first classes were held at the new State Normal School inMinot, North Dakota. The institution is nowMinot State University.^[107]
• TheGörlitz Department Store opened to shoppers inGörlitz,Germany. It remains the best preserved of the city's department stores.^[108]
• Born:
  • Bill Walsh, American film producer, known for his live-actionWalt Disney films includingThe Absent-Minded Professor andMary Poppins; as William Walsh, inNew York City,United States (d.1975)^{[citation needed]}
  • Cholly Atkins, American choreographer, known for choreography for many of theMotown artists; as Charles Sylvan Atkinson, inPratt City, Alabama, United States (d.2003)^{[citation needed]}
  • Robert Nisbet, American conservative sociologist, known for his research into individualism and community, author ofThe Quest for Community; inLos Angeles, United States (d.1996)^{[citation needed]}
  • Samuel Eilenberg, Polish-American mathematician, co-developer ofcategory theory; inWarsaw,Russian Empire (present-dayPoland) (d.1998)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Reginald Heber Fitz, American physician, credited for describingappendicitis and its treatment (b.1843)^{[citation needed]}

• September 1913
• September by year
• Months in the 1910s

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