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Senjūrō Hayashi | |
|---|---|
林 銑十郎 | |
 Hayashi in 1937 | |
| Prime Minister of Japan | |
| In office 2 February 1937 – 4 June 1937 | |
| Monarch | Shōwa |
| Preceded by | Kōki Hirota |
| Succeeded by | Fumimaro Konoe |
| Minister of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan | |
| In office 2 February 1937 – 4 June 1937 | |
| Monarch | Shōwa |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Hirao Hachisaburō |
| Succeeded by | Eiji Yasui |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan | |
| In office 2 February 1937 – 3 March 1937 | |
| Monarch | Shōwa |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Hachirō Arita |
| Succeeded by | Naotake Satō |
| Minister of the Army of Japan | |
| In office 23 January 1934 – 5 September 1935 | |
| Monarch | Shōwa |
| Prime Minister | Saitō Makoto Keisuke Okada |
| Preceded by | Sadao Araki |
| Succeeded by | Yoshiyuki Kawashima |
| Commander of the Japanese Korean Army | |
| In office 22 November 1930 – 26 May 1932 | |
| Monarch | Shōwa |
| Minister of the Army | Kazushige Ugaki Jirō Minami Sadao Araki |
| Governor-General of Chōsen | Saitō Makoto Kazushige Ugaki |
| Preceded by | Jirō Minami |
| Succeeded by | Yoshiyuki Kawashima |
| Inspector General of Military Training | |
| In office 26 May 1932 – 23 January 1934 | |
| Monarch | Shōwa |
| Preceded by | Nobuyoshi Mutō |
| Succeeded by | Jinzaburō Masaki |
| Commander of theArmy War College | |
| In office 5 March 1927 – 10 August 1928 | |
| Monarch | Shōwa |
| Minister of the Army | Kazushige Ugaki |
| Chief of the General Staff | Suzuki Soroku |
| Preceded by | Hanzo Kanaya |
| Succeeded by | Sadao Araki |
| Commander of the Imperial Guards Division | |
| In office 1 August 1929 – 22 December 1930 | |
| Monarch | Shōwa |
| Chief of the General Staff | Suzuki Soroku Kanaya Kanzo |
| Preceded by | Naotoshi Hasegawa |
| Succeeded by | Okamoto Ren’ichirō |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1876-02-23)23 February 1876 |
| Died | 4 February 1943(1943-02-04) (aged 66) Tokyo, Japan |
| Resting place | Tama Cemetery |
| Political party | Imperial Rule Assistance Association (1940–1943) |
| Spouse | Hatsu Hayashi |
| Signature |  |
Senjūrō Hayashi (林 銑十郎,Hayashi Senjūrō; 23 February 1876 – 4 February 1943) was a Japanese politician and general. He served asImperial Japanese Army Commander of theJapanese Korean Army during theMukden Incident and theinvasion of Manchuria. He briefly served asPrime Minister of Japan in 1937.
Hayashi was born on 23 February 1876, in Kodatsuno,Kanazawa,Ishikawa Prefecture, the first son of secretary of Tonami District Office Hayashi Shishirō and his wife Bessho Saha.[1][unreliable source?] The family was asamurai-class family formerly in service toKaga Domain.[1][unreliable source?][2] The second oldest of his brothers Hayashi Ryōzō became anImperial ArmyColonel, and the youngest brother Shirakawa Yūkichi became Vice Mayor ofTokyo.[1][unreliable source?]
Hayashi dropped out of school in July 1894 to enlist in the Imperial Japanese Army at the start of theFirst Sino-Japanese War. After the end of the war, he attended theImperial Japanese Army Academy, and on graduation in June 1897 was assigned to the IJA 7th Infantry Regiment. in 1903, he graduated from theArmy Staff College. With the start of theRusso-Japanese War, Hayashi participated in theSiege of Port Arthur.
Hayashi's first major command from 1918 to 1920 was as commanding officer of the IJA 57th Infantry Regiment, followed by a time in 1921 attached to the Technical Research Headquarters and as an acting Military Investigator. From 1921 to 1923 he was the head of the Preparatory Course at the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, followed by a time attached to theInspectorate General of Military Training. From 1923 to 1924 he was the Japanese Army Representative to theLeague of Nations, followed by another stint attached to the Inspectorate General of Military Training from 1924 to 1925.
In 1925, Hayashi became the commanding Officer of the IJA 2nd Infantry Brigade. In 1926 he was made Commandant of the Tokyo Bay Fortress. In 1927, he became the Commandant of theArmy War College, followed in 1928 as Deputy Inspector-General of Military Training. Finally in 1929 he became the General Officer Commanding theImperial Guards Division.
In 1930, Lieutenant-General Senjūrō Hayashi, was made Commander in Chief of theJapanese Korean Army. On the day after theMukden Incident on 19 September, he ordered theIJA 20th Division to split its force, forming the 39th Mixed Brigade. Acting without authorization by theEmperor or central government in Tokyo, Hayashi ordered the 39th Mixed Brigade to cross theYalu River that same day intoManchuria. The Cabinet was forced to concede the point to the military afterwards and the movement of the 39th Mixed Brigade from Korea was authorized on 22 September.
Following his command in Korea, Hayashi was madeInspector General of Military Training and a member of theSupreme War Council from 1932 to 1934. In 1932, he was awarded with theOrder of the Sacred Treasure (1st class) and in 1934, he was awarded theOrder of the Rising Sun (1st class).
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From 1934 to 1935 Hayashi wasArmy Minister, and again member of the Supreme War Council from 1935 until his retirement the next year.
As Army Minister, Hayashi was a supporter of Major GeneralTetsuzan Nagata, who was Chief of Military Bureau and the leader of theTōseiha faction within the Imperial Japanese Army.[according to whom?] TheTōseiha scored a victory in July 1935 when GeneralJinzaburō Masaki, one of the leaders of theKōdōha faction was removed as Inspector General of Military Training. But Nagata was assassinated the next month (theAizawa Incident). The struggle between theTōseiha andKōdōha factions continued below the surface of the government; and the war in North China carried on apace until February 1936.
Hayashi also promotedFumimaro Konoe's doctrines, as a "right-winger" amongst themilitarists, against "left-winger" radical militarists, led byKingoro Hashimoto, wanted to establish aMilitary Shogunate through revolutionary means.
Hayashi was also the president of the Greater Japan Muslim League (大日本回教協会, Dai Nihon Kaikyō Kyōkai).[3]
Hayashi served as thePrime Minister of Japan for a brief four-month period in 1937, where he tried to establish a cabinet that rose above the factional strife of the political parties. He later demanded that members of his cabinet renounce their party ties.[4]
Later from 1940 to 1941, he was aPrivy Councillor.[5] Hayashi suffered from anintracranial hemorrhage in January 1943 and died at his home of 4 February without regaining consciousness. He was posthumously awarded theOrder of the Golden Kite (4th class) and theOrder of the Paulownia Flowers.
From the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Minister of War 23 January 1934 – 5 September 1935 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister of Foreign Affairs Feb 1937 – Mar 1937 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister of Education Feb 1937 – Jun 1937 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Prime Minister of Japan Feb 1937 – Jun 1937 | Succeeded by |
| Military offices | ||
| Preceded by | Inspector-General of Military Training May 1932 – Jan 1934 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Commander, IJA Chōsen Army Nov 1930 – May 1932 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Commander, Imperial Guards Aug 1929 – Dec 1930 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Commandant, Army Staff College Mar 1927 – Aug 1928 | Succeeded by |
| Empire of Japan (1868–1947) |
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| Japan (1947–present) |
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