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Secretary of State for War and the Colonies

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British cabinet position (1801–1854)

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Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
Royal Arms used byHis Majesty's Government
Style	The Right Honourable^{[Note 1]}
Member of	Cabinet ·Privy Council ·Parliament
Appointer	Monarch of the United Kingdom based on advice of thePrime Minister
Term length	At His Majesty's pleasure
Formation	17 March 1801
First holder	The Lord Hobart
Final holder	The Duke of Newcastle
Abolished	10 June 1854
Succession	Secretary of State for War ·Secretary of State for the Colonies
Deputy	Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies

TheSecretary of State for War and the Colonies was aBritish cabinet-level position responsible for the army and the British colonies (other than India). The Secretary was supported by anUnder-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies.

History

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The Department was created in 1801.^[1] In 1854 it was split into the separate offices ofSecretary of State for War andSecretary of State for the Colonies.

Principal political leaders of the English/British Armed Forces:
	Royal Navy	British Army	Royal Air Force	Co-ordination
1628	First Lord of the Admiralty (1628–1964)
1794		Secretary of State for War (1794–1801)
1801		Secretary of State for War and the Colonies (1801–1854)
1854		Secretary of State for War (1854–1964)
1919			Secretary of State for Air (1919–1964)
1936				Minister for Co-ordination of Defence (1936–1940)
1940				Minister of Defence (1940–1964)
1964	Secretary of State for Defence (1964–present)

List of secretaries of state (1801–1854)

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Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
	Term of office		Party	Ministry	Monarch (Reign)
Robert Hobart Baron Hobart	17 March 1801	12 May 1804	Tory	Addington	George III (1760–1820) ^{[Note 2]}
John Pratt 2ndEarl Camden	14 May 1804	10 July 1805	Tory	Pitt II
Robert Stewart Viscount Castlereagh MP forBoroughbridge	10 July 1805	5 February 1806	Tory	Pitt II
William Windham MP forNew Romney	5 February 1806	25 March 1807	Whig	All the Talents (Whig–Tory)
Robert Stewart Viscount Castlereagh MP forPlympton Erle	25 March 1807	1 November 1809	Tory	Portland II
Robert Jenkinson 2ndEarl of Liverpool	1 November 1809	11 June 1812	Tory	Perceval
Henry Bathurst 3rdEarl Bathurst	11 June 1812	30 April 1827	Tory	Liverpool
Henry Bathurst 3rdEarl Bathurst	11 June 1812	30 April 1827	Tory	Liverpool	George IV
F. J. Robinson 1st Viscount Goderich	30 April 1827	3 September 1827	Tory	Canning (Canningite–Whig)
William Huskisson MP forLiverpool	3 September 1827	30 May 1828	Tory	Goderich (Canningite–Whig)
George Murray MP forPerthshire	30 May 1828	22 November 1830	Tory	Wellington–Peel
George Murray MP forPerthshire	30 May 1828	22 November 1830	Tory	Wellington–Peel	William IV
F. J. Robinson 1st Viscount Goderich	22 November 1830	3 April 1833	Whig	Grey
Edward Smith-Stanley MP forNorth Lancashire	3 April 1833	5 June 1834	Whig	Grey
Thomas Spring Rice MP forCambridge	5 June 1834	14 November 1834	Whig	Melbourne I
Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke of Wellington	17 November 1834	9 December 1834	Tory	Wellington Caretaker
George Hamilton-Gordon 4thEarl of Aberdeen	20 December 1834	8 April 1835	Conservative	Peel I
Charles Grant 1stBaron Glenelg	18 April 1835	20 February 1839	Whig	Melbourne II
Charles Grant 1stBaron Glenelg	18 April 1835	20 February 1839	Whig		Victoria
Constantine Phipps 1stMarquess of Normanby	20 February 1839	30 August 1839	Whig
John Russell MP forStroud	30 August 1839	30 August 1841	Whig
Edward Smith-Stanley Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe ^{[Note 3]}	3 September 1841	23 December 1845	Conservative	Peel II
William Ewart Gladstone ^{[Note 4]}	23 December 1845	27 June 1846	Conservative	Peel II
Henry Grey 3rdEarl Grey	6 July 1846	21 February 1852	Whig	Russell I
John Pakington MP forDroitwich	27 February 1852	17 December 1852	Conservative	Who? Who?
Henry Pelham-Clinton 5thDuke of Newcastle	28 December 1852	10 June 1854	Peelite	Aberdeen (Peelite–Whig)

Notes

^Typical style for members of the Privy Council and peers ranked below Marquess. For peers of the rank MarquessThe Most Honourable; for peers of the rank DukeHis Grace.
^ThePrince of Wales served asprince regent from 5 February 1811.
^MP forNorth Lancashire until 1844; thereafter summoned to Parliament through a writ in acceleration in respect of hisfather's title, Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe.
^On appointment to office aministerial by-election was triggered in theNewark-upon-Trent constituency that Gladstone had represented since 1832. Gladstone did not contest the seat, and was not returned to Parliament until the 1847 general election.

UK History of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office

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History of English and British government departments with responsibility for foreign affairs and those with responsibility for the colonies, dominions and the Commonwealth
Northern Department 1660–1782 Secretaries —Undersecretaries	Southern Department 1660–1768 Secretaries —Undersecretaries		—
	Southern Department 1768–1782 Secretaries —Undersecretaries 1782: diplomatic responsibilities transferred to new Foreign Office	Colonial Office 1768–1782 Secretaries —Undersecretaries
Foreign Office 1782–1968 Secretaries —Ministers —Undersecretaries	Home Office 1782–1794 Secretaries —Undersecretaries
	War Office 1794–1801 Secretaries —Undersecretaries
	War and Colonial Office 1801–1854 Secretaries —Undersecretaries
	Colonial Office 1854–1925 Secretaries —Undersecretaries		India Office 1858–1937 Secretaries —Undersecretaries
	Colonial Office 1925–1966 Secretaries —Ministers —Undersecretaries	Dominions Office 1925–1947 Secretaries —Undersecretaries
			India Office andBurma Office 1937–1947 Secretaries —Undersecretaries
		Commonwealth Relations Office 1947–1966 Secretaries —Ministers —Undersecretaries
	Commonwealth Office 1966–1968 Secretaries —Ministers —Undersecretaries
Foreign and Commonwealth Office 1968–2020 Secretaries —Ministers —Undersecretaries
Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office Since 2020 Secretaries —Ministers —Undersecretaries

References

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^McCalman, Iain; Mee, Jon; Russell, Gillian; Tuite, Clara; Fullagar, Kate; Hardy, Patsy, eds. (2009). "Empire".An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age.Oxford University Press.ISBN 9780191726996.

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