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Secret of Mana

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1993 video game

1993 video game
Secret of Mana
North American SNES box art
Developer(s)Square
Publisher(s)
Director(s)Koichi Ishii
Producer(s)Hiromichi Tanaka
Designer(s)
  • Koichi Ishii
  • Hiromichi Tanaka
Programmer(s)Nasir Gebelli
Artist(s)
Writer(s)Hiromichi Tanaka
Composer(s)Hiroki Kikuta
SeriesMana
Platform(s)Super Nintendo Entertainment System,Nintendo Switch (original);Mobile phone,iOS,Android (enhanced);PlayStation 4,PlayStation Vita,Windows (remake)
Release
August 6, 1993
Genre(s)Action role-playing
Mode(s)Single-player,multiplayer

Secret of Mana, originally released in Japan asSeiken Densetsu 2,[a] is a 1993action role-playing game developed and published bySquare for theSuper Nintendo Entertainment System. It is the sequel to the 1991 gameSeiken Densetsu, released in North America asFinal Fantasy Adventure and in Europe asMystic Quest, and it was the firstSeiken Densetsu title to be marketed as part of theMana series rather than theFinal Fantasy series. Set in ahigh fantasy universe, the game follows three heroes as they attempt to prevent an empire from conquering the world with the power of an ancient flying fortress.

Rather than using aturn-based battle system like contemporaneous role-playing games,Secret of Mana featuresreal-time battles with a power bar mechanic. The game has a uniqueRing Command menu system, whichpauses the action and allows the player to make decisions in the middle of battle. An innovativecooperativemultiplayer system allows a second or third player to drop in and out of the game at any time.Secret of Mana was directed and designed byKoichi Ishii, programmed primarily byNasir Gebelli, and produced by veteran Square designerHiromichi Tanaka.

The game received acclaim for its brightly colored graphics, expansive plot, Ring Command menu system, and innovative real-time battle system. Critics also praisedHiroki Kikuta's soundtrack and the customizableartificial intelligence (AI) settings for computer-controlled allies. Retrospectively, it has been considered one of thegreatest games of all time by critics. It was re-released on Virtual Console on theWii in 2008 andWii U in 2013, on multiple mobile platforms (as an enhanced version) between 2009 and 2019, onSwitch as part ofCollection of Mana in 2017 and 2019, and was remade in 3D in 2018 forPlayStation 4,Vita andWindows. The remake saw mixed reviews, with many faulting its lack of game play improvements and reworked graphics.

Gameplay

[edit]
The standard overhead view. The party's attack strength and remaininghealth is shown in the gauges at the bottom.
Flammie flying and demonstratingMode 7

Like many other role-playing games of the16-bit era,Secret of Mana displays atop-down perspective, in which theplayer characters navigate the terrain and fight off hostile creatures. The game features three such characters: the hero, the girl, and thesprite, named Randi, Primm, and Popoi outside the initial North American and European releases. The player can choose to control each of the characters at any time; whichever character is currently selected, the other two companions are controlled viaartificial intelligence. The game may be played simultaneously by up to three players,[1][2] made possible by theSuper Multitap accessory for theSuper NES console.[3] TheVirtual Console version of the game supports three-player gameplay via additionalGameCube controllers orClassic Controllers.[4]

Each character possesses individual strengths and weaknesses. The hero, while unable to use magic, masters weapons at a quicker rate; the girl is ahealer, able to cast restorative and support spells; and the sprite casts offensive magic to damage and impair enemies.[4] Upon collecting enoughexperience points in battle, each character increases in level and improves in areas such as strength and evasion. The trio can rest in towns, where they can regainhit points or purchase restorative items and equipment. Options such as changing equipment, castingspells, or checking status are performed by cycling through the game's Ring Commands, acircular menu which hovers over the currently controlled party member.[2][3][4] The game is momentarily paused whenever the Ring Commands appear.[5]

Combat takes place in real-time.[2] Located at the bottom of the screen is a power bar,[6][7] a gauge that determines the amount of damage done to an enemy when attacking. Swinging a weapon causes the gauge to empty and then quickly recharge, allowing that character to attack at full strength. The party wields eight different types of weaponry: sword, spear, bow, axe, boomerang, glove, whip, and javelin. All weapons can be upgraded eight times, and repeated use of a weapon increases its skill level to a maximum of eight, unlocking a new special attack with each level. Weapons are upgraded with Weapon Orbs, which are found indungeons or earned by defeating certainbosses.[2] The player takes each Orb to ablacksmith, located in most towns, who uses it to reforge one weapon.[1][8]

In order to learn magic, the party must rescue spirits known as Elementals. The eight Elementals represent different elements—such as water, earth, and life—and each provides the player with specific spells. Magic has skill levels similar to weapons, but each magic spell costsmagic points to cast.[1]

At the start of the game, to reach a destination, players must traverse an enemy-infested countryside. Travel may be expedited with Cannon Travel Centers, where the party may belaunched to faraway destinations via a giantcannon. Cannon Travel usually requires a fee, but is mandatory to visit other continents later on.[3] Later, the party is given access to Flammie, a miniature dragon which is controlled by the player and able to fly freely across the world, represented by anoverworld map.[9] These sequences make use of the SNES'sMode 7 capability to create a rotatable background, giving the illusion that the ground beneath Flammie is rendered inthree dimensions. While riding Flammie, the player may access either the "rotated map", which presents the world as a globe, or the "world map", a two-dimensional view of the overworld.[10]

Plot

[edit]

Setting and characters

[edit]

The story takes place in ahigh fantasy world, which contains an ethereal energy source named "mana". An ancient, technologically advanced civilization exploited mana to construct the "Mana Fortress", a flying warship. This angered the world's gods, who sent giant beasts to war with the civilization. The conflict was globally destructive and nearly exhausted all signs of mana in the world, until a hero used the power of the Mana Sword to destroy the fortress and the civilization. The world began to recover in peace. As the game opens, an empire seeks eight Mana Seeds, which when "unsealed" will restore mana to the world and allow the empire to restore the Mana Fortress.[11]

The three main characters do not have names in the original SNES release, though their names appear in the manual of the Japanese release; their names were added into the game in the iOS port worldwide. In all versions, the player can choose to name the characters whatever they wish. The hero (ランディ,Randi),[12] a young boy, is adopted by the Elder of Potos before the start of the game, after the boy's mother disappears. The girl (プリム,Primm)[12] is in love with a warrior named Dyluck, who was ordered by the king to attack Elinee's Castle. Angered by the king's actions and by her father's attempt toarrange her marriage to a local nobleman, she leaves the castle to save Dyluck and to accompany the hero as well.[13] The hero meets a sprite child (ポポイ,Popoi)[12] at the Dwarf Village. The sprite lives with a dwarf and goes with the characters to learn more about their family. It does not remember anything about its past, so it joins the team to try to recover its memories.[14]

Story

[edit]

The game begins as three boys from the small Potos village disobey their Elder's instructions and trespass into a local waterfall, where a treasure is said to be kept. One of the boys stumbles and falls into the lake, where he finds a rusty sword embedded in a stone. Guided by a disembodied voice, he pulls the sword free, inadvertently unleashing monsters in the surrounding countryside of the village. The villagers interpret the sword's removal as a bad omen and banish the boy from Potos forever.[15] A traveling knight named Jema recognizes the blade as the legendary Mana Sword and encourages the hero to re-energize it by visiting the eight Mana Temples.[16]

During his journey, the hero is joined by the girl and the sprite. Throughout their travels, the trio is pursued by the Empire. The Emperor and his subordinates are being manipulated by Thanatos, an ancient sorcerer who hopes to create a "new, peaceful world".[17] Due to his own body's deterioration, Thanatos is in need of a suitable body topossess. After placing the entire kingdom of Pandora under a trance, he abducts two candidates: Dyluck, now enslaved, and a young Pandoran girl named Phanna; he eventually chooses to possess Dyluck.[18]

The Empire succeeds in unsealing all eight Mana Seeds. However, Thanatos betrays the Emperor and his henchmen, killing them and seizing control of the Mana Fortress for himself. The hero and his party journey to locate the Mana Tree, the focal point of the world's life energy. Anticipating their arrival, Thanatos positions the Mana Fortress over the Tree and destroys it. The charred remains of the Tree speak to the heroes, explaining that a giant dragon called the Mana Beast will soon be summoned to combat the Fortress. The Beast has little control over its rage and will likely destroy the world as well.[19] The Mana Tree also reveals that it was once the human wife of Serin, the original Mana Knight and the hero's father. The voice heard at Potos' waterfall was that of Serin's ghost.[20]

The trio flies to the Mana Fortress and confronts Thanatos, who is preparing to transfer his mind into Dyluck. With the last of his strength, Dyluck warns that Thanatos has sold his soul to theunderworld and must not be allowed to have the Fortress.[21] Dyluck kills himself, forcing Thanatos to revert to a skeletallich form, which the party defeats.

The Mana Beast finally flies in and attacks the Fortress. The hero expresses reluctance to kill the Beast, fearing that with the dispersal of Mana from the world, the sprite will vanish.[22] With the sprite's encouragement, he uses the fully energized Mana Sword to slay the Beast, causing it to explode and transform into snow.[23] At the conclusion of the game, the sprite child vanishes into an astral plane, the girl is returned home and the hero is seen welcomed back in Potos, returning the Mana Sword to its place beneath the waterfall.

Development

[edit]
Secret of Mana writer and producer Hiromichi Tanaka

Secret of Mana was directed and designed byKoichi Ishii, the creator of the game'sGame Boy predecessor,Final Fantasy Adventure. He has stated that he feelsSecret of Mana is more "his game" than other projects he has worked on, such as theFinal Fantasy series.[24] The game was programmed primarily byNasir Gebelli and produced by veteran Square designerHiromichi Tanaka. The team hoped to build on the foundation ofFinal Fantasy Adventure, and they included several modified elements from that game and from other popularSquare titles inSecret of Mana. In addition to having better graphics and sound quality than its predecessor, the attack power gauge was changed to be more engaging, and the weapon leveling system replacedFinal Fantasy Adventure's system of leveling up the speed of the attack gauge.[7] The party system also received an upgrade from the firstMana game: instead of temporary companions who could not be upgraded, party members became permanent protagonists and could be controlled by other players.[7] The multiplayer component was not a part of the original design, but was added when the developers realized that they could easily make all three characters human-controlled.[24]

The real-time battle system used inSecret of Mana has been described by its creators as an extension of the battle system used in the first three flagshipFinal Fantasy titles. The system for experience points and leveling up was taken fromFinal Fantasy III.[25] According to Tanaka, the game's battle system features mechanics that had first been considered forFinal Fantasy IV. Similarly, unused features inSecret of Mana were appropriated by theChrono Trigger team, which (likeFinal Fantasy IV) was in production at the time.[24] According to Tanaka, the project was originally intended to beFinal Fantasy IV, with a "more action-based, dynamic overworld". However, it "wound up not being"Final Fantasy IV anymore, but instead became a separate project codenamed "Chrono Trigger" during development, before finally becomingSeiken Densetsu 2. Tanaka said that it "always felt like a sequel" toFinal Fantasy III for him.[26]

Secret of Mana was originally planned to be a launch title for theSNES-CD add-on.[27][28] After the contract betweenNintendo andSony to produce the add-on failed, and Sony repurposed its work on the SNES-CD into the competingPlayStation console, Square adapted the game for the SNES cartridge format. The game had to be altered to fit the storage space of a SNESgame cartridge, which is much smaller than that of a CD-ROM.[29] The developers initially resisted continuing the project without the CD add-on, believing that too much of the game would have to be cut, but they were overruled by company management. As a result of the hardware change, several features had to be cut from the game, and some completed work needed to be redone.[24][28] One of the most significant changes was the removal of the option to takemultiple routes through the game that led to severalpossible endings, in contrast to the linear journey in the final product.[7] The plot that remained was different from the original conception, and Tanaka has said that the original story had a much darker tone.[24] Ishii has estimated that up to forty percent of the planned game was dropped to meet the space limitations, and critics have suggested that the hardware change led to technical problems when too much happens at once in the game.[24][30]

Music

[edit]
Main article:Music of the Mana series
Secret of Mana composer Hiroki Kikuta

The original score forSecret of Mana was composed and produced byHiroki Kikuta.Kenji Ito, who had composed the soundtrack forFinal Fantasy Adventure, was originally slated for the project, but was replaced with Kikuta after he had started on other projects, such asRomancing SaGa.Secret of Mana was Kikuta's first video game score, and he encountered difficulties in dealing with the hardware limitations of the Super NES. Kikuta tried to express in the music two "contrasting styles" to create an original score which would be neitherpop music nor standardgame music.[31] Kikuta worked on the music mostly by himself, spending nearly 24 hours a day in his office, alternating between composing and editing to create a soundtrack that would be, according to him, "immersive" and "three-dimensional".[32] Rather than having sound engineers create the samples of instruments like most game music composers of the time, Kikuta made his own samples that matched the hardware capabilities of the Super NES. These custom samples allowed him to know exactly how each piece would sound on the system's hardware, so he did not have to worry about differences between the original composition and the Super NES.[33] Kikuta stated in 2001 that he considered the score forSecret of Mana his favorite creation.[34]

The soundtrack's music includes both "ominous" and "light-hearted" tracks, and is noted for its use of bells and "dark, solemn pianos".[35] Kikuta's compositions for the game were partly inspired by natural landscapes, as well as music fromBali.[36][37] Hardware limitations made the title screen to the game slowly fade in, and Kikuta designed the title track to the game, "Fear of the Heavens", to sync up with the screen. At that time, composers rarely tried to match a game's music to its visuals. Kikuta also started the track off with a "whale noise", rather than a traditional "ping", in order to try to "more deeply connect" the player with the game from the moment it started up. Getting the sound to work with the memory limitations of the Super NES was a difficult technical challenge.[33]

An official soundtrack album,Seiken Densetsu 2 Original Sound Version, was released in Japan in August 1993, containing 44 musical tracks from the game. An English version, identical to the Japanese original aside from its localized packaging and track titles, was later released in North America in December 1994 asSecret of Mana Original Soundtrack, makingSecret of Mana one of the first Japanese games to inspire a localized soundtrack release outside of Japan.[35] An album of arranged music fromSecret of Mana and its sequelSeiken Densetsu 3 was produced in 1993 asSecret of Mana+. The music in the album was all composed and arranged by Kikuta.Secret of Mana+ contains a single track, titled "Secret of Mana", that incorporates themes from the music of bothSecret of Mana andSeiken Densetsu 3, which was still under development at the time.[38] The style of the album has been described by critics as "experimental", using "strange sounds" such as waterfalls, bird calls, cell phone sounds, and "typing" sounds.[39] The music has also been described by critics as covering many different musical styles, such as "Debussian impressionist styles, his own heavy electronic and synth ideas, and even ideas of popular musicians".[38] The latest album of music from the game is a 2012 arranged album titledSecret of Mana Genesis / Seiken Densetsu 2 Arrange Album. The 16 tracks are upgraded versions of the original Super NES tracks, and Kikuta said in the liner notes for the album that they are "how he wanted the music to sound when he wrote it", without the limitations of the Super NES hardware. Critics such as Patrick Gann of RPGFan, however, noted that the differences were minor.[40] A rendition of the soundtrack was commissioned for the first everBBC Proms gaming music concert in 2022.[41]

Release

[edit]

Secret of Mana was announced as being released in July 1993 as recently as that April, marketed as a "Party Action RPG", before eventually being released in August instead for the Japanese market.[42] In South Korea, it was released the same month in August 1993.[43] The English translation forSecret of Mana was completed in only 30 days, mere weeks after the Japanese release,[27] and the North Americanlocalization was initially advertised asFinal Fantasy Adventure 2.[44] Critics have suggested that the translation was done hastily so that the game could be released in North America for the 1993 holiday season.[29] According to translatorTed Woolsey, a large portion of the game's script was cut out in the English localization due to space limitations.[27][45] To display text on the main gameplay screen, the English translation uses afixed-width font, which limits the amount of space available to display text. Woolsey was unhappy that he had to trim conversations to their bare essentials and that he had so little time for translation, commenting that it "nearly killed me".[46] The script was difficult to translate as it was presented to Woolsey in disordered groups of text, like "shuffling a novel".[45] Other localizations were done in German and French. The Japanese release only named the three protagonists in the manual,[47] while Western versions omitted the characters' names until the enhanced port on the iOS.[48][49] The game released in Europe on November 25, 1994.[50]

In 1999, Square announced they would be portingSecret of Mana toBandai's handheld systemWonderSwan Color as one of nine planned games for the system.[51] No such port was ever released. The game was released on Virtual Console on theWii in 2008 and onWii U, only in Japan, in 2013. A mobile phone port ofSecret of Mana was released on October 26, 2009.[52] A port of the game foriOS was revealed atE3 2010, and released on Apple's App Store on December 21, 2010.[53] The port fixed several bugs, and the English script was both edited and retranslated from the original Japanese.[54] The enhanced port from the iOS version was released onAndroid devices in 2014.[55] A port for theNintendo Switch was released with ports ofFinal Fantasy Adventure andTrials of Mana as part of theCollection of Mana on June 1, 2017, in Japan, and June 11, 2019 in the rest of the world.[56][57] The game was released as one of the games included on theSuper NES Classic Edition on September 29, 2017.[58]

3D remake

[edit]

In August 2017, a 3D remake of the game was announced forPlayStation 4,PlayStation Vita andWindows and was released on February 15, 2018.[59] The remake was developed by Q Studios for Square Enix.[60] The project began in 2016 following positive feedback fromAdventures of Mana, a remake of the originalMana game. The remake's gameplay was described as "basically the same" as the original, although it was redone using 3D graphics and some features were added for convenience such as an area map, increased game save opportunities, improved companion AI, and voice acting. The offline multiplayer function was carried over into the different versions.[61] The character art was redesigned by Haccan, an artist who had worked onAdventures of Mana.[62] Kikuta returned to supervise new arrangements of his music, bringing in a number of other composers he knew who were fans ofSecret of Mana. He described his approach as composing an "adult" version of the original tracks. At the request of the series producer, the main theme "Angel's Fear" was recorded with a full orchestra.[63] The arranges included asYuzo Koshiro andTsuyoshi Sekito.[64] The soundtrack was released as an album, also titledSecret of Mana Original Soundtrack, shortly after the remake's release in February 2018.[65]

Reception

[edit]

Sales

[edit]

The initial shipment of games in Japan sold out within days of the release date.[66]Dengeki Oh magazine ranked it the second best-sellingvideo game of 1993 in Japan, where1.003 million units were sold that year, just belowStreet Fighter II Turbo.[67] In South Korea, it was the top-selling game from November to December 1993.[43]

Edge reported in November 1993 that the game was "the most widely covered game of the year in Japan" with a high number of sales, but was initially released in North America "completely un-hyped and mostly unheard of".[68] Despite this,Secret of Mana went on to become the second top-selling Super NES game on the monthly USBabbage's chart in October 1993, below onlyMortal Kombat,[69] withSecret of Mana remaining in the US top ten SNES game charts for a year up until October 1994.[70] It was also a success in Europe, where the game introduced many players to console role-playing games.[7] In the United Kingdom, it was the fourth top-selling game in November 1994, and the second top-selling SNES game that month (belowDonkey Kong Country).[71]

According toNext Generation magazine, it was surprisingly popular for a role-playing game, contributing to the genre's growing popularity in the West.Next Generation reported in 1996 that the game had sold more than 500,000 copies in the United States alone.[72] According to Square Enix,Secret of Mana had shipped1.83 million copies worldwide as of 2003, with1.5 million shipped in Japan and 330,000 abroad.[73]

Contemporary reviews

[edit]
Contemporary reception
Review scores
PublicationScore
Dragon5/5[74]
Edge9/10[68]
Electronic Gaming Monthly35/40[75]
Famitsu33/40[76]
Game Informer9.25/10[77]
GameFan363/400[78]
GamePro18/20[79]
Nintendo Power3.9/5[80]
Official Nintendo Magazine93%[81]

Electronic Gaming Monthly magazine's reviewers heavily praised the graphics, music, and multiplayer gameplay, saying that it had "some of the best music I've ever heard from a cartridge". They hoped that other companies would take the game's lead in adding multiplayer modes to role-playing games.[75]Diehard GameFan's review of the game named the multiplayer as the game's best component, with reviewer Kelly Rickards saying that while the graphics were nice, the multiplayer "made the game".[78]GamePro's review praised the graphics, plot, "first-rate gameplay" and "positively massive" world "dwarfing evenZelda", while stating the gameplay and multiplayer were "rough around the edges", concluding it to be "one of the finest action/RPGs" on the SNES.[79]Nintendo Power called it an "enthralling epic", praising the "wide variety of sites and terrain", music, "Beautiful graphics and great depth of play" but criticizing the "unnecessarily long" sword powering-up and "awkward" item selection method.[80]SNES Force magazine praised the game's "superb" graphics, "fantastic" sounds and "revolutionary three-player mode".[82]

Secret of Mana was awarded Game of the Month in December 1993 and Best Role-Playing Game of 1993 byElectronic Gaming Monthly.[75][83] In its annualMegawards,GameFan awarded it Best Action/RPG (SNES).[84]GamePro gave it the award forRole-Playing Game of the Year, ahead ofLufia andShadowrun as runners-up.[85]

Edge's review said thatSecret of Mana was better than contemporary role-playing gamesYs I & II,The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past, andLandstalker: The Treasures of King Nole. The review stated thatSecret of Mana "includes some of the best game design and features ever seen: simultaneous three-player action, the best combat system ever designed, the best player interface ever designed, a superb control system, and yes, some of the most engrossing and rewarding gameplay yet". They concluded that the game was one of the best action RPGs or adventure games.[68] Game designerSandy Petersen reviewed the game inDragon, and described the game as much likeZelda but with conventional role-playing game features. He predicted that the game would be regarded as a classic. Peterson concluded thatSecret of Mana was one of the best SNES role-playing games and that it was "a much larger game thanZelda, with many more types of monsters, character options, and fortresses to explore".[74]Nintendo Magazine System also compared it favorably withA Link to the Past; one reviewer stated that "even the magnificence ofZelda III seems stale in comparison to the incredible features found within this refreshing, exhilarating adventure" while the other stated that it "comes the closest yet" to surpassingZelda, concluding thatSecret of Mana was "one of the greatest graphical RPGs in the history of the world".[81]

Computer and Video Games said in 1994 thatMana was "doing for adventure games now what Zelda did several years ago" and thatMana is "one of the best games for the SNES this year and more playable than"Donkey Kong Country.[71]Next Generation said in 1996 that many players considered it "the RPG equivalent ofLord of the Rings."[72]

Later reviews

[edit]
Retrospective reception
Aggregate scores
AggregatorScore
GameRankings87% (SNES)[86]
Metacritic80/100 (iOS)[87]
63/100 (PS4)[88]
Review scores
PublicationScore
Eurogamer9/10 (Wii)[89]
IGN9/10 (Wii)[90]
Official Nintendo Magazine92% (Wii)[91]
RPGFan90% (SNES)[1]
Slide to Play4/4 (iOS)[54]

In 2008, Lucas Thomas ofIGN reviewed theVirtual Console release ofSecret of Mana and stated that it was considered one of the best video games ever made.[90]Eurogamer's Dan Whitehead described it as "essential" and as the formative game of theMana series.[89] TheiOS version of the game was praised by Nadia Oxford of Slide to Play for its improved graphics and computer-controlled characters. She also praised the quality of the touch controls relative to other role-playing game phone versions, though she disliked that the multiplayer mode had been removed.[54] In 2014,Edge magazine describedSecret of Mana as "one of the high points of the 16bit era". A writer for the magazine noted that, 20 years afterSecret of Mana's release, its reputation as a SNES action RPG had been surpassed only by that ofThe Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past.[30]

The 2018 remake saw "mixed or average" reviews according to review aggregation websiteMetacritic, with the PS4 version scoring 63 out of 100 based on 60 reviews, while the PC version was scored 57 out of 100 based on six reviews.[88]RPG Site's Zack Reese positively noted the attempts to modernise the gameplay while remaining faithful to the original, but felt people were better off playing the original due to its 3D presentation and lack of additional gameplay improvements.[92] Meghan Sullvan ofIGN described the game as "a charming but clumsy 20ish-hour adventure that both frustrates and delights", praising the artstyle but faulting a lack of improvements over the original.[93]Game Informer's Kimberley Wallace did enjoy her time with the game but felt some of the adjustments did not improve the gameplay, further faulting poor voice acting and uneven musical remixes.[94] Jeremy Parish, writing forPolygon, felt the remake compared poorly to the original's recent ports on Nintendo platforms, finding issues with its 3D redesign and repetitive character conversations.[95] Chris Schilling ofPC Gamer was particularly critical, saying the original appeared much smoother by comparison, disliking the new 3D graphics and faulting lack of noticeable adjustments to the pacing and difficulty.[96]

Impact

[edit]

Secret of Mana has placed on numerous top game lists since its release, and is the 13th highest-rate SNES game on aggregator websiteGameRankings.[86] In 1995,Total! ratedSecret of Mana 12th on their "Top 100 SNES Games of All Time,"[97] withSuper Play ranked it eighth on its list of the best 100 SNES games of all time the following year.[98] It has continued to be placed on "best of" lists of SNES games, games for Nintendo consoles, or role-playing ever since, including ones byNintendo Power,[99]IGN,[100]Famitsu,[101]Official Nintendo Magazine,[102]Game Informer,[103]1Up.com,[104]Polygon,[105] andTime Extension,[106] as recently as 2023.

In 2006,Level magazine claimed thatSecret of Mana's rocky development was Square's main inspiration to move their games, such as theFinal Fantasy series, from Nintendo consoles to Sony consoles in 1996.[24]

Secret of Mana was an influential game in its time, and its influence continued into the 2010s. Elements such as its radial ring menu system, described byEdge as "oft-mimicked", were borrowed by later games such asThe Temple of Elemental Evil.[30][6] Its cooperative multiplayer gameplay has been mentioned as an influence onDungeon Siege III.[107]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Japanese:聖剣伝説(せいけんでんせつ)2,lit.The Legend of the Sacred Sword 2

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdMusashi (February 22, 1999)."RPGFan Reviews - Secret of Mana".RPGFan.Archived from the original on February 19, 2014. RetrievedSeptember 9, 2021.
  2. ^abcdCampbell, Greg."Secret of Mana - Retroview". RPGamer. Archived fromthe original on January 18, 2014. RetrievedDecember 24, 2008.
  3. ^abc"Secret of Mana".Nintendo Power. No. 54.Nintendo. November 1993.ISSN 1041-9551.
  4. ^abcThomas, Lucas M. (October 14, 2008)."Secret of Mana Review".IGN.Ziff Davis.Archived from the original on February 23, 2014. RetrievedDecember 24, 2008.
  5. ^Leyland, Robert."RPGFan Reviews - Secret of Mana".RPGFan. Archived fromthe original on November 1, 2013. RetrievedJanuary 16, 2014.
  6. ^abBarton, Matt (2008).Dungeons & Desktops: The History of Computer Role-Playing Games.A K Peters. p. 220.ISBN 978-1-56881-411-7.Archived from the original on January 30, 2014. RetrievedSeptember 8, 2010.
  7. ^abcdeDay, Ashley (February 2011). "Featured: The Secrets of Mana".Retro Gamer. No. 85.Imagine Publishing. pp. 24–31.ISSN 1742-3155.
  8. ^"Secret of Mana".Nintendo Power. No. 62.Nintendo. July 1994.ISSN 1041-9551.
  9. ^"Secret of Mana".Nintendo Power. No. 64.Nintendo. September 1994.ISSN 1041-9551.
  10. ^Red, Carmine (August 13, 2011)."The SNES 20 - Secret of Mana". Nintendo World Report.Archived from the original on December 31, 2013. RetrievedFebruary 4, 2014.
  11. ^VC 聖剣伝説2 [VC Seiken Densetsu 2] (in Japanese).Nintendo. 2008.Archived from the original on July 12, 2014. RetrievedJuly 17, 2014.
  12. ^abc"Characters".Square Enix.Archived from the original on October 30, 2013. RetrievedAugust 6, 2014.
  13. ^Square (October 3, 1993).Secret of Mana (SNES). Square.Girl: This is GREAT! I need your help! I helped YOU didn't I? It's your turn. We're going to teach that witch a lesson. We're going to save Dyluck!
  14. ^Square (October 3, 1993).Secret of Mana (SNES). Square.Sprite: Well, how was that? What an actor I am! That guy was even crying! [...]Elder: Hey! Sorry about that. This child received such a shock from drifting here, it lost all its memories.
  15. ^Square (October 3, 1993).Secret of Mana (SNES). Square.Elder: Oh, hero! You've really done it to me this time! The reason why monsters have appeared is because you removed the sword. [...] I don't want to do this, but I have no choice. I'm going to have to ask you to leave the village.
  16. ^Square (October 3, 1993).Secret of Mana (SNES). Square.Jema: That appears to be the real Mana Sword. [...] Sorry, but the sword is losing its power, and must be re-energized!
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  18. ^Square (October 3, 1993).Secret of Mana (SNES). Square.Thanatos: For ages I have been searching...for a human with the power to conquer this world... ...one born in the shadow of darkness, and raised in the light of Mana. Dyluck is the one. I cannot wait any longer. My body has grown weak! It is time! Using his body I will take the Mana Fortress, and rule the world!
  19. ^Square (October 3, 1993).Secret of Mana (SNES). Square.Mana Tree: The Mana Fortress is using up most of the world's Mana. Soon all the beasts of will be transformed into one giant creature. Only the great Mana Beast can bring back Mana. But the Beast has little control over its rage. If it were to attack the fortress, the world would be finished.
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  21. ^Square (October 3, 1993).Secret of Mana (SNES). Square.Dyluck: Princess...can you hear me? It's me, Dyluck... He's too strong...I'm finished, but I can help you... Thanatos is an ancient sorcerer who sold his heart to the underworld. Though his life force is eternal, he hasn't his own body. His life force is growing darker. He feeds on hatred and destruction!
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