| Second Air Force | |
|---|---|
.png) Shield of the Second Air Force | |
| Active | 1 July 1993 – present 1 September 1991- 1 July 1993 1 November 1949 – 1 January 1975 6 June 1946 – 1 July 1948 18 September 1942 – 30 March 1946 (as Second Air Force) 26 March 1941 – 18 September 1942 (as 2 Air Force) 19 October 1940 – 26 March 1941 (as Northwest Air District) (85 years, 3 months)[1] |
| Country |  United States of America |
| Branch |  United States Air Force (18 September 1947 – present) United States Army ( Army Air Forces, 20 June 1941 – 18 September 1947;.svg) Army Air Corps 19 October 1940 – 20 June 1941) |
| Type | Numbered Air Force |
| Role | To providebasic military training andtechnical training for enlisted Airmen and non-flying officers[2] |
| Size | 13,900 Airmen[3] |
| Part of |  Air Education and Training Command |
| Headquarters | Keesler Air Force Base, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Mottos | "Second to None…Train, Develop, Inspire!"[4] |
| Engagements | .png) World War II – American Theater[5] |
| Decorations |  Air Force Outstanding Unit Award[6] |
| Website | www |
| Commanders | |
| Commander | Maj GenMatthew Wolfe Davidson |
| Vice Commander | Col Nicholas Dipoma |
| Command Chief | CMSgt Kristina B. Montgomery |
TheSecond Air Force (2 AF;2d Air Force in 1942) is a USAFnumbered air force responsible for conducting basic military and technical training for Air Force enlisted members and non-flying officers. In World War II the CONUS unit defended the Northwestern United States andUpper Great Plains regions and during theCold War, wasStrategic Air Command unit with strategic bombers and missiles. Elements of Second Air Force engaged in combat operations during theKorean War;Vietnam War, as well asOperation Desert Storm.
TheNorthwest Air District of theGHQ Air Force was established on 19 October 1940; activated on 18 December 1940 atMcChord Field, and then re-designated, amidst some internal confusion, as 2d Air Force on 26 March 1941.[7]5th Bombardment Wing was assigned to Second Air Force up until 5 September 1941.[8]
On 11 December 1941, four days after thePearl Harbor attack, 2d Air Force was placed underWestern Defense Command. However, on 5 January 1942, it was returned to the Air Force Combat Command (a redesignation of GHQAF after creation of theUnited States Army Air Forces on 20 January 1941), and later placed directly under Headquarters AAF when Air Force Combat Command was dissolved in March 1942.
From December 1941, 2d Air Force organized air defense for the northwest Pacific Ocean coastline of the United States (1940–1941) and flew antisubmarine patrols along coastal areas until October 1942. It appears that immediately after 7 December 1941, only the 7th, 17th,39th and42d Bombardment Groups underII Bomber Command were available for this duty. In late January 1942, elements of theB-25 Mitchell-equipped17th Bombardment Group atPendleton Field, Oregon were reassigned toColumbia Army Air Base, South Carolina ostensibly to fly antisubmarine patrols off the southeast coast of the United States, but in actuality came to prepare for theDoolittle Raid against Japan.
In January 1942, the 2d Air Force was withdrawn from the Western Defense Command and assigned the operational training of units, crews, and replacements for bombardment, fighter, and reconnaissance operations. It received graduates fromArmy Air Forces Training Command flight schools; navigator training; flexible gunnery schools and various technical schools, organized them into newly activated combat groups and squadrons, and conducted operational unit training (OTU) and replacement training (RTU) to prepare groups and replacements for deployment overseas to combat theaters.
As the Second Air Force it became predominantly the training organization ofB-17 Flying Fortress andB-24 Liberator heavy bombardment groups. Nearly all new heavy bomb groups organized after Pearl Harbor were organized and trained by Second Air Force OTU units, then were deployed to combat commands around the world. After most of the heavy bombardment groups had completed OTU training, the Second Air Force conducted replacement training of heavy bombardment combat crews and acquired a new mission of operational and replacement training of very heavy bombardment (B-29 Superfortress) groups and crews.
Designated theSecond Air Force on 18 September 1942, starting in mid-1943 the unit's training of B-17 and B-24 replacement crews began to be phased out, and reassigned to First, Third and Fourth Air Forces as the command began ramping up training ofB-29 Superfortress Very Heavy bomb groups, destined forTwentieth Air Force. Under the newly organizedXX Bomber Command, B-29 aircraft were received from Boeing's manufacturing plants and new combat groups were organized and trained. XX Bomber Command and the first B-29 groups were deployed in December 1943 to airfields in India forOperation Matterhorn operations against Japan.
Afootball team made up of Second Air Force personnel defeatedHardin–Simmons University in the 1943Sun Bowl.[9]
XXI Bomber Command, the second B-29 combat command and control organization was formed under Second Air Force in March 1944 with its combat groups beginning to deploy to theMariana Islands in theWestern Pacific beginning in December 1944. A third B-29 organization,XXII Bomber Command was formed by Second Air Force in August 1944, however the organization never got beyond forming Headquarters echelon and Headquarters squadron. Inactivated before any operational groups were assigned, as XX Bomber Command units were reassigned from India to the Marianas, eliminating need for the command.
On 13 December 1944, First, Second, Third and Fourth Air Force were all placed under the unified command of theContinental Air Forces (CAF) with the Numbered Air Forces becoming subordinate commands of CAF. The training of B-29 groups and replacement personnel continued until August 1945 and the end of the Pacific War. With the war's end, Second Air Force was inactivated on 30 March 1946. In what was effectively a redesignation, the headquarters staff and resources were used to createFifteenth Air Force, which became the first Numbered Air Force of the newStrategic Air Command ten days later.
The command was reactivated on 6 June 1946 underAir Defense Command, atOffutt Air Force Base. The Second Air Force assumed responsibility for the air defense of certain portions of the continental United States.In 1947, the73d Bomb Wing was reactivated with the338th and351st Bombardment Groups being assigned to it, both reserveB-29 Superfortress organizations. The wing was assigned to Second Air Force. A third group, the 381st was added in 1948. However SAC was having enough difficulties keeping its front-line active duty bomb units in the air to maintain even minimal pilot proficiency in the late 1940s. The wing and its bomb groups were all inactivated in 1949.
The Second Air Force was also assigned the reserve96th Bombardment Wing, which was later redesignated an air division, and severalC-46 Commando troop carrier groups under the322d Troop Carrier Wing. One of these groups was the440th Troop Carrier Group.It was again inactivated on 1 July 1948.
The Second Air Force was (re)-activated and assigned toStrategic Air Command on 1 November 1949 atBarksdale AFB, Louisiana. It drew personnel and equipment from the311th Air Division, inactivated on the same base on the same day.Initial units of the Second Air Force as part of SAC included:[citation needed]
37th and 38th Air Divisions joined Second Air Force on 10 October 1951. 37th Air Division was responsible forLockbourne Air Force Base andLake Charles Air Force Base, and 38th Air Division was located atHunter Air Force Base, Georgia.
With the end of fighting in Korea, President Eisenhower's administration chose to invest in the Air Force, especially Strategic Air Command. Thenuclear arms race shifted into high gear. The Air Force retired nearly all of its propeller-driven bombers and they were replaced by newBoeing B-47 Stratojet medium jet bombers. In 1955, theBoeing B-52 Stratofortress heavy bomber began entering the inventory in substantial numbers and as a result, Second Air Force grew both in scope and in numbers.
After the Korean War, the history of Second Air Force became part of Strategic Air Command's history, asB-47 Stratojet, and laterB-52 Stratofortress andKC-135 Stratotanker aircraft entered SAC's inventory. During theCold War, Second Air Force aircraft andintercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM)s stood nuclear alert, providing a deterrence against an attack on the United States by the Soviet Union. In 1966, an order of battle for the force showed units spread across most of the United States, from the6th Strategic Aerospace Wing atWalker AFB, New Mexico, to the11th Strategic Aerospace Wing atAltus AFB, Oklahoma, to the97th Bombardment Wing atBlytheville AFB, Arkansas.[10]
During theVietnam War, squadrons of Second Air Force B-52 Stratofortesses (primarily B-52Ds, augmented by some B-52Gs) were deployed to bases onGuam,Okinawa and Thailand to conductArc Light bombing attacks on communist forces. The28th Bombardment Wing was among the units assigned this duty.[11] The 2d Air Force organization was inactivated during the post-Vietnam drawdown, on 1 January 1975, with those 2 AF bomb wings not inactivated and/or those 2 AF bases not closed, redistributed to8 AF and15 AF.
With the end of the Cold War and the restructuring of Strategic Air Command, Second Air Force was reactivated and became the steward for reconnaissance and battlefield management assets, based atBeale AFB, California. This assignment lasted from 1 September 1991 until 1 July 1993, when it was inactivated byAir Combat Command.
Second Air Force was reactivated and reassigned on 1 July 1993 toKeesler AFB, Mississippi. Its mission became conducting basic military and technical training for Air Force enlisted members and support officers at five major AETC training bases in the United States.
The command has the mission is to train mission ready graduates to support combat readiness and to build 'the world's most respected air, space, and cyberspace force'. To carry out this mission, Second Air Force manages all operational aspects of nearly 5,000 active training courses taught to approximately 250,000 students annually in technical training, basic military training, medical and distance learning courses. Training operations across Second Air Force range from intelligence to computer operations to space and missile operations and maintenance.
The first stop for all Air Force, Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve enlisted airmen isbasic military training (BMT) atLackland AFB, Texas. After completing BMT, airmen begin technical training in their career field specialties, primarily at five installations: Goodfellow, Lackland, and Sheppard Air Force bases in Texas; Keesler AFB, Mississippi; and Vandenberg AFB, California. Each base is responsible for a specific portion of formal technical training airmen require to accomplish the Air Force mission. Instructors conduct technical training in specialties such as enlisted aviator, aircraft maintenance, civil engineering, medical services, computer systems, security forces, air traffic control, personnel, intelligence, fire fighting, and space and missile operations.
Commissioned officers attend technical training courses for similar career fields at the same locations.
Wings and Groups under Second Air Force are:
In 2006, Second Air Force was assigned the responsibility of coordinating training for Joint Expeditionary Tasked (JET) Training Airmen. These Airmen are assigned to perform traditional US Army duties in Iraq, Afghanistan and the Horn of Africa. An Expeditionary Mission Support Group was formed to provide command and control of these JET Airmen as they are trained at US Army Power Projection Platforms across the US prior to deploying to their assigned Area of Responsibility (AOR). This group has been named the 602d Training Group.
In 2007, Second Air Force was given responsibility to provide curricula and advice to theIraqi Air Force as it stands up its own technical training and branch specific basic training among others. This mission is known as "CAFTT" for Coalition Air Forces Technical Training.
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| No. | Commander | Term | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Term length | |
| 1 |  | Major General John C. Griffith | 1 July 1993 | 13 June 1995 | 1 year, 347 days |
| 2 |  | Major General Henry M. Hobgood | 13 June 1995 | 28 August 1996 | 1 year, 76 days |
| 3 |  | Major General Lance W. Lord | 28 August 1996 | 1 August 1997 | 338 days |
| 4 |  | Major General Andrew J. Pelak Jr. | 1 August 1997 | 25 August 2000 | 3 years, 24 days |
| 5 |  | Major General John F. Regni | 25 August 2000 | 8 July 2004 | 3 years, 318 days |
| 6 |  | Major General Lloyd S. Utterback | 8 July 2004 | 9 November 2005 | 1 year, 124 days |
| 7 | .jpg) | Major General Michael C. Gould | 9 November 2005 | 23 May 2008 | 2 years, 196 days |
| 8 |  | Major General Alfred K. Flowers | 23 May 2008 | 29 September 2009 | 1 year, 129 days |
| 9 |  | Major General Mary Kay Hertog | 29 September 2009 | 21 July 2011 | 1 year, 295 days |
| 10 |  | Major General Leonard A. Patrick | 21 July 2011 | 3 July 2014 | 2 years, 347 days |
| 11 |  | Major General Mark Anthony Brown | 3 July 2014 | 26 August 2016 | 2 years, 54 days |
| 12 |  | Major General Robert D. LaBrutta | 26 August 2016 | 23 August 2017 | 362 days |
| 13 |  | Major General Timothy J. Leahy | 23 August 2017 | 29 August 2019 | 2 years, 6 days |
| 14 |  | Major General Andrea Tullos | 29 August 2019 | 30 July 2021 | 1 year, 335 days |
| 15 | .jpg) | Major General Michele C. Edmondson | 30 July 2021 | 2 August 2024 | 3 years, 3 days |
| 16 |  | Major General Matthew Wolfe Davidson | 2 August 2024 | Incumbent | 1 year, 198 days |
This article incorporatespublic domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
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