Secession in Turkey is a phenomenon caused by the desire of a number ofminorities living in Turkey to secede and form independent national states.^[2][3]

At the beginning of the 21st century, theKurds remain the largest of the groups without their own statehood. TheTreaty of Sèvres betweenOttoman Empire andTriple Entente (1920) provided for the creation of an independent Kurdistan. However, this agreement never entered into force and was cancelled after the signing of theTreaty of Lausanne (1923). In the 1920s and 1930s,Kurds several times unsuccessfully rebelled against the Turkish authorities.

In August 1984, theKurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) declared war on the Turkish authorities, which continues today. Until 1993, the PKK made the most radical demand – the proclamation of a single and independent Kurdistan, uniting the Kurdish territories that are now part of the state borders ofTurkey,Iran,Iraq andSyria.

Since 1999, the PKK has put forward requirements that are close and understandable to the bulk of the Kurdish population, namely: granting autonomy, preserving national identity, practical equalization of Kurds in rights with the Turks, opening of national schools and introduction of Kurdish TV and radio broadcasting.

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  Kurds ofCentral Anatolia
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  Kurdish languages map
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  Turkish Kurdistan

Western Armenia (Western Armenian: Արեւմտեան Հայաստան,Arevmdian Hayasdan), located in Western Asia, is a term used to refer to eastern parts ofTurkey (formerly theOttoman Empire) that were part of the historical homeland of theArmenians.^[11] Western Armenia, also referred to asByzantine Armenia, emerged following the division ofGreater Armenia between theByzantine Empire (Western Armenia) andSassanid Persia (Eastern Armenia) in 387 AD.

The area was conquered by the Ottomans in the 16th century during theOttoman–Safavid War (1532–1555) against their IranianSafavid arch-rivals. Being passed on from the former to the latter, Ottoman rule over the region became only decisive after theOttoman–Safavid War of 1623–1639.^[12] The area then became known asTurkish Armenia orOttoman Armenia. During the 19th century, theRussian Empireconquered all of Eastern Armenia fromIran,^[13] and also some parts of Turkish Armenia, such asKars. The region's Armenian population was affected during theHamidian massacres.

The Armenian population was largely emptied from this region during theArmenian Genocide, such that only assimilated andcrypto-Armenians live in the area today. Someirredentist Armenians claim it as part ofUnited Armenia. The most notable political party with these views is theArmenian Revolutionary Federation.

• Separatism in Turkey
• Politics of Turkey

• Use dmy dates from September 2021