Sebeș | |
|---|---|
 Sebeș City Hall  Zapolya house | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location in Alba County | |
  Sebeș Location in Romania | |
| Coordinates:45°57′36″N23°34′12″E / 45.96000°N 23.57000°E /45.96000; 23.57000 | |
| Country | Romania |
| County | Alba |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2024–2028) | Dorin Gheorghe Nistor[2] (PNL) |
Area | 115.45 km2 (44.58 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 262 m (860 ft) |
| Population (2021-12-01)[1] | 26,490 |
| • Density | 229.4/km2 (594.3/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 515800 |
| Area code | (+40) 02 58 |
| Vehicle reg. | AB |
| Website | www |
Sebeș (Romanian pronunciation:[ˈsebeʃ];German:Mühlbach;Hungarian:Szászsebes;Transylvanian Saxon:Melnbach) is acity inAlba County, centralRomania, southwesternTransylvania.
The city lies in theMureș River valley and straddles the riverSebeș. It is at the crossroads of two main highways in Romania: theA1 motorway coming fromSibiu and going towardsDeva and theA10 motorway going towardsAlba Iulia andCluj-Napoca. Their national road counterparts passing through the city are theDN1 (E81) and theDN7 (E68), both of which also come from Sibiu.
Sebeș is situated 15 km (9.3 mi) south of the county capital, Alba Iulia. It has three villages under its administration:
Sebeș has ahumid continental climate (Cfb in theKöppen climate classification).
| Climate data for Sebeș | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.7 (36.9) | 5.2 (41.4) | 10.3 (50.5) | 16.1 (61.0) | 20.5 (68.9) | 23.8 (74.8) | 25.8 (78.4) | 26.1 (79.0) | 20.9 (69.6) | 15.4 (59.7) | 9.8 (49.6) | 4 (39) | 15.1 (59.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.8 (30.6) | 1.1 (34.0) | 5.4 (41.7) | 11 (52) | 15.7 (60.3) | 19.3 (66.7) | 21.1 (70.0) | 21.3 (70.3) | 16.3 (61.3) | 10.9 (51.6) | 5.8 (42.4) | 0.7 (33.3) | 10.7 (51.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4 (25) | −2.6 (27.3) | 0.7 (33.3) | 5.6 (42.1) | 10.5 (50.9) | 14.1 (57.4) | 16.1 (61.0) | 16.4 (61.5) | 12 (54) | 6.8 (44.2) | 2.5 (36.5) | −2.2 (28.0) | 6.3 (43.4) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 44 (1.7) | 43 (1.7) | 57 (2.2) | 82 (3.2) | 97 (3.8) | 118 (4.6) | 103 (4.1) | 85 (3.3) | 71 (2.8) | 57 (2.2) | 47 (1.9) | 52 (2.0) | 856 (33.5) |
| Source:https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/alba/sebes-59412/ | |||||||||||||
It is believed that there has been an earlier rural settlement in this area, with Romanian andPecheneg population, situated east of today's city. The city itself was built by German settlers — later referred asTransylvanian Saxons, but actually originating from the region ofRhine andMoselle — on the territory of theHungarian Kingdom in the second half of the 12th century and became an important city in medieval Transylvania. Itscity walls were reinforced after theTatar (Mongol) invasions from 1241 to 1242, but the city was occupied in 1438 by theOttoman Empire. Transylvania's voivodeJohn I Zápolya died in Sebeș in 1540. TheTransylvanian Diet met in Sebeș in 1546, 1556, 1598, and 1600. The location of the meetings, the Zápolya House, is now a museum. In the oldest documents that attest the existence of Sebeș, the city is named "Malebach"(1245), "Millenbach"(1309), names that derive from the German "Malemboch", which means "the river that carries a lot of rocks", which corresponds to the geography of the city.
Johannes Tröster's work "Das alt und neue Teutsche Dacia" published in 1666 in Nuremberg sets the date of the city's founding in 1150. Thegreat Mongol invasion destroyed the city in 1242, after which the inhabitants rebuilt it. The old two-towered Romanesque basilica was rebuilt in early Gothic style. The current tower was built on the foundations of the two original towers. The fourteenth century brought with it a period of development of the city, it being listed in 1376 as the third commercial importance among the Saxon cities. A royal deed from 1387 enshrines the right of Sebeș to build fortress walls, although their construction had probably begun before the middle of the 14th century. It thus becomes, despite its small size, the first city in Transylvania to be completely surrounded by masonry fortifications.
After theunion with Romania in December 1918, the first mayor of the city was Lionel Blaga, the brother of the Romanian poet and philosopherLucian Blaga, who was born in the nearby village of Lancrăm.
The town's current local council has the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the ballots cast at the2020 Romanian local elections:[3]
| Party | Seats | Current Council | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Liberal Party (PNL) | 14 | |||||||||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) | 5 | |||||||||||||||
Today Sebeș is a city with a dynamic economy, having received in the last decade important foreign investments: wood processing and leather goods manufacturing are the chief domains of the local industry. As of March 2015, the unemployment rate was under 2%, the lowest of any city in Romania at the time.[4]
In April 2016,Daimler AG's subsidiaryStar Assembly started producingMercedes-Benznine-speed automatic transmissions in Sebeș.[5]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 8,701 | — |
| 1910 | 8,504 | −2.3% |
| 1930 | 9,137 | +7.4% |
| 1948 | 10,080 | +10.3% |
| 1956 | 11,628 | +15.4% |
| 1966 | 13,715 | +17.9% |
| 1977 | 25,926 | +89.0% |
| 1992 | 29,754 | +14.8% |
| 2002 | 29,475 | −0.9% |
| 2011 | 24,165 | −18.0% |
| 2021 | 26,490 | +9.6% |
| Source: Census data | ||
At the2021 census, Sebeș had a population of 26,490. According to the 1850 census, the population of the city at that time was 8,701 inhabitants in total, with a substantial minority ofethnic Germans. At the2011 census, Sebeș had 24,165 inhabitants, of which:[6]
From a confessional point of view, the majority of the inhabitants wereOrthodox (80.1%), with a minority ofPentecostals (3.05%). For 11.58% of the population, the confessional affiliation was not known.
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