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Schwarzbier (German:[ˈʃvaʁt͡sˌbiːɐ̯]ⓘlit. 'black beer') is adark lager that originated inGermany.[1] It has an opaque, black colour with hints of chocolate or coffee flavours, and is generally around 5% ABV.[2] It is similar tostout in that it is made from roasted malt, which gives it its dark colour.[2]
Schwarzbiers are made using acool fermentation method, which classes them as lager, though historicallywarm fermentation was used. Thealcohol content usually ranges from 4.4% to 5.4%. They get their dark colour from the use of particularly darkmalts or roast malt extract in brewing. The malt, in turn, gets its colour during theroasting procedure. Its flavour may vary between bitter and slightly sweet.[citation needed]
The roots of Schwarzbier lie inThuringia andSaxony. The oldest known black beer isBraunschweiger Mumme, ("Brunswick Mum") brewed since theMiddle Ages (the first documented mention is from 1390 inBraunschweig.[3] The earliest documented mention in Thuringia is ofKöstritzerbrewery from 1543, a brewery which later started producing Schwarzbier and still produces it today. Present-day eastern Germany has many unique varieties of this style from regional breweries.[citation needed]
Modern Schwarzbiers includeKöstritzer,Sprecher Black Bavarian,Samuel Adams Black Lager,New Belgium 1554 Black Lager, Shiner Black, andXingu Black.[citation needed]
DarkCzech lagers range from dark to black beers (Czechtmavé andčerné).[citation needed]
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