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It lies at the foot of theApennine Mountains, near the sources of theSarno River, called Sarnus in ancient times, a stream connected by canal withPompei and the sea.
The area of Sarno has been inhabited since theNeolithic, and in pre-historical times housedOscan andSamnites settlements. Later it was acquired by the Romans, who held it until the fall of theWestern Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. The first nucleus of the future Sarno grew in the 8th century around a castle founded by the Lombards ofBenevento.
Before its incorporation into the domains of the crown of Naples, Sarno gave its name to a county held in succession by theOrsini,Coppola, Tuttavilla, andColonna families.
On May 5, 1998, Sarno and the neighbouring villages ofQuindici,Siano andBracigliano were devastated by a series of landslides. Oone hundred eighty houses were destroyed, 450 were severely damaged, and 161 people died in what was one of the worst catastrophes of its kind in modern Italy.[citation needed] The landslides had been caused by several days of torrential rainfalls but were also blamed on agricultural, residential, industrialoverexploitation, and the lack of any substantial environmental programs. The catastrophe prompted the Italian Ministry of the Environment to introduce legislative measures for environmental protection which have come to be known aslegge Sarno.
Suffragan Bishops of Sarno(without ordinals;first incumbent(s) lacking?)
Riso (1066? – ?)
Giovanni (1111–1118)
Giovanni (1119–1134)
Pietro (1134–1156)
Giovanni (1156–1180)
Unfrido (1180–1202)
Tibaldo (1201–1208)
Ruggiero (1209–1216)
Giovanni (1216–1224)
Giovanni (1224–1258)
Angelo d’Aquino (1258–1265)
Giovanni (1265–1296)
Guglielmo (1296–1309)
Ruggiero De Canalibus (1310–1316)
Ruggiero (1316–1316)
Ruggiero De Miramonte (1316–1324)
Antonio da Ancona (1324–1326)
Napoleone (1326–1330)
Nicola (1330 – death 1333)
Francesco,Friars Minor (O.F.M.) (13 March 1333 – 1340)
Napoleone (1340–1350)
Teobaldo (25 April 1350 – 1370)
Giovanni (1372–1404)
Giovanni (1404–1407)
Francesco Mormile (1407–1408), later Bishop ofCava (Italy) (1408–1419)
Giovanni (1408–1414)
Francesco Anconitano (1414–1419)
Marco da Teramo (29 December 1418 – death 1439); previously Bishop ofMonopoli (Italy) (24 March 1400 – 15 December 1404), Bishop ofBertinoro (Italy) (15 December 1404 – 29 December 1418)
Andrea da Nola (23 October 1439 – 1454)
Ludovico Dell'Aquila (1454–1470)
Antonio de' Pazzi (1475 – 26 February 1477), later Bishop ofMileto (Italy) (26 February 1477 – death 1479)
Giovanni da Viterbo (30 September 1478 – 16 February 1481), later Bishop ofCrotone (Italy) (16 February 1481 – death 25 November 1496)
Andrea De Ruggiero (16 February 1481 – 1482)
Andrea Dei Pazzi (16 February 1482 – 1498)
Agostino Tuttavilla (1498–1501)
Giorgio Maccafani de' Pireto (1501–1516), previously Bishop ofCivita Castellana e Orte (Italy) (24 September 1498 – 1501)
Sarno has the ruins of a medieval castle, which belonged to Count Francesco Coppola, who took an important part in the conspiracy of the barons againstFerdinand II of Aragon in 1485.Walter III of Brienne is buried in the ancient church ofSanta Maria della Foce, rebuilt in 1701.Sarno Cathedral is near the town centre.
