Sarat Chandra Bose | |
|---|---|
 Sarat Chandra Bose,c. 1940 | |
| Born | (1889-09-06)6 September 1889 |
| Died | 20 February 1950(1950-02-20) (aged 60) Calcutta,West Bengal, India |
| Alma mater | University of Calcutta Lincoln's Inn |
| Occupations | |
| Known for | Indian independence activist |
| Office | President of West Bengal Pradesh Congress Committee |
| Spouse | |
| Parents |
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| Relatives | Subhas Chandra Bose (brother) |
Sarat Chandra Bose (6 September 1889 – 20 February 1950) was an Indianbarrister andindependence activist.
He was born toJanakinath Bose (father) andPrabhabati Devi inCuttack,Odisha on 6 September 1889. The family originally hailed fromKodalia (nowSubhashgram),South 24 Parganas,West Bengal.[1] He belonged to theKulin Kayastha family. His father was descended from the Boses of Mahinagar (South 24 Parganas) while his motherPrabhabati Devi was part of the famous Dutta family of Hatkhola in north Kolkata.[2] She gave birth to fourteen children, six daughters and eight sons, among whom were leftist leader Sarat Chandra Bose,Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and distinguished cardiologist Dr. Sunil Chandra Bose. Sarat had two elder sisters. They were Pramilabala Mitra and Saralabala Dey. He had an elder brother, Satish Chandra Bose (1887 — 1948). He had six younger brothers, namely: Suresh Chandra Bose (1891 — 1972), Sudhir Chandra Bose (1892 — 10 February 1950), Dr. Sunil Chandra Bose (1894 — 17 November 1953),Subhas Chandra Bose (23 January 1897 — 18 September 1985), Shailesh Chandra Bose (1904 — 1984) and Santosh Chandra Bose. He had four younger sisters, they were Tarubala Roy, Malina Dutta, Pratibha Mitra, and Kanaklata Mitra. He marriedBivabati Bose in 1909 at the age of twenty, and the couple had eight children who survived through adulthood.
Sarat Bose studied inPresidency College,Scottish Church College, then affiliated with theUniversity of Calcutta, and then went to England in 1911 to become a barrister. He was called to the bar atLincoln's Inn. He began a successful legal practice upon his return to India, but later abandoned it to join theIndian independence movement.[3]
In 1936, Bose became the President of the Bengal Pradesh Congress Committee, and served as a member of theAll India Congress Committee from 1936 till 1947. Sarat Bose was arrested after the escape of Subhas the day before he was due to join as Cabinet Minister in the Fazlul Haq government. He was moved to jail in Mercara and then Coonoor where his health suffered. He was released in September 1945 after a 4 year prison sentence. From 1946 to 1947, Bose would lead the Congress delegation to theCentral Legislative Assembly. He strongly supported the formation of theIndian National Army bySubhash Chandra Bose and actively participated in theQuit India movement. Following his brother's reported death in 1945, Bose led efforts to provide relief and aid to the families of INA soldiers through theINA Defence and Relief Committee. In 1946, he was appointed Member of the Interim Government for Works, Mines and Powers – the position of a minister in a national executive council led byJawaharlal Nehru andSardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and presided over by the Viceroy of India.
However, Bose resigned from the AICC in disagreement over theCabinet Mission Plan's call to partitionBengal betweenHindu-majority andMuslim-majority regions. He attempted to construct a bid for aUnited Bengal and which isunited but independent Bengal andNorth-East with the BengaliMuslim League leadersHuseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy andAbul Hashim.Muhammad Ali Jinnah (President of theAll-India Muslim League, who became Pakistan's founding father) supported it.Mahatma Gandhi also supported it. TheIndian National Congress and the Hindu members of Indian Legislative Council from Bengal opposed it.[4][5][6] After India's independence, Bose led his brother'sForward Bloc and formed the Socialist Republican Party, advocating a socialist system for Bengal and India. He died on 20 February 1950, in Calcutta, aged 60.
Sarat Bose married Bivabati Dey, the daughter of Akshoy Kumar Dey and Subala Dey, in 1909. The couple had eight children. Their children includedAshoke Nath Bose,[7] a Doctorate in Chemistry from Germany and eminent engineer;Amiya Nath Bose who participated in the Quit India Movement, became a Member of Parliament, and was also the Indian ambassador to Burma;Sisir Kumar Bose,[8] who became a pediatrician and Member of Legislative Assembly, andSubrata Bose, who was an electrical engineer and also a Member of Parliament. His youngest daughter, Prof.Chitra Ghosh, is a distinguished academic, a social scientist, and also a member of the Parliament. His elder grandson,Sugata Bose, is a Gardiner Professor of Oceanic History and Affairs atHarvard University and a former member of theLok Sabha. His younger grandson,Sumantra Bose, is a Professor of Comparative Politics at the London School of Economics and Political Science.[9]
A statue of Sarat Chandra Bose is situated beside Calcutta High Court.
In January 2014, Sarat Chandra Bose Memorial Lecture was instituted, and the maiden lecture was delivered by historian of International fameLeonard A. Gordon - who has penned a joint biography ofSarat and his younger brotherSubhas, titledBrothers Against The Raj.[10]
Media related toSarat Chandra Bose at Wikimedia Commons
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