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Santacruz | |
|---|---|
Suburb | |
 Domestic airport at Santacruz | |
  Santacruz | |
| Coordinates:19°04′54″N72°50′29″E / 19.081667°N 72.841389°E /19.081667; 72.841389 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Maharashtra |
| District | Mumbai Suburban |
| City | Mumbai |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Area code | 022 |
| Vehicle registration | MH-02 |
Santacruz orSanta Cruz (Pronunciation:[saːn̪t̪akɾuːz]) is a suburb ofMumbai. TheSantacruz railway station on theMumbai Suburban Railway, the domestic terminal (T1) of theChhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport, and one campus of theUniversity of Mumbai, are all located in Santacruz (East).
The termSanta Cruz comes from the Portuguese words meaning "Holy Cross",[1] a reference to a 150-year-old cross located on Chapel Lane within the compound of a home for destitute women run byMother Teresa'sMissionaries of Charity trust. That name was also given to a church that existed on a site on the western side of the railway station along the currentSwami Vivekanand Road, presently occupied by theSacred Heart Boys High School andSacred Heart Church. This original church was destroyed by the Marathas during their conquest of theSalsette Island from Portugal. When the railways began operations in October 1888, the local railway station was named after the Holy Cross, and Santacruz, as a locality came into being.[2]
The then British Government set upRAF Santa Cruz, a military airfield, in 1942. It was home to severalRAF squadrons during World War II, from 1942 to 1947.[3] The airfield covered an area of about 1,160 hectares (2,900 acres) and initially had three runways.[4] The airfield was transferred to the Indian Government for civilian use upon Independence,[5] and came to be known as Santa Cruz airport, the city's main airport.
During the statewidefloods in 2005, Air India Colony was flooded with water five to six metres deep. In many buildings, the water had entered in the ground floor and first floor level houses and the people had to take shelter on the upper floors. Rescue boats of Navy were requisitioned deployed in the area. Immediately after the deluge, restoration programme was implemented and portable pumps were installed at Air India colony, helping the early discharge of flood water.[6]
The Bombay Catholic Cooperative Housing Society constructed in 1930 a low-cost housing estate for the Catholic community, known as Willingdon Colony. It included pre-existing bungalows that the Cooperative had built as early as 1917.[7] The colony was spread over 5.5 acres (2.2 ha) and managed by the Cooperative. The members of the cooperative voted in 1966 to redevelop the colony, with 673 new flats to be built. The redevelopment was planned to provide permanent accommodation for 230 members, with the excess flats to be offered for sale. An additional, separate, building on the land was to provide capacity to temporarily house a further 530 people displaced by slum redevelopments, through the Slum Rehabilitation Authority. A small number of cooperative members opposed the redevelopment, and it was delayed by litigation for nearly 50 years.[8]
Despite heritage preservation concerns, and over the objections of the twenty remaining resident families, their final challenge was dismissed by theSupreme Court in 2014, allowing redevelopment to proceed. Demolition of historic bungalows commenced soon after. Further pauses occurred throughout 2014, as stays for proceedings continued.[9] Despite the court's rejection of the challenge to redevelopment, the same group began a new round of legal actions in 2015, with a petition to theHigh Court, challenging the validity of the permit issued to the developer to transplant 103 trees from the site. The petitioners were not successful in having the tree removal permit withdrawn.[8]