Santa Fe Plaza | |
 Santa Fe Plaza in 2006, before the obelisk part ofSoldiers' Monument was toppled in 2020 | |
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 Interactive map showing the location of Santa Fe Plaza | |
| Location | Santa Fe Plaza,Santa Fe, New Mexico |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 35°41′14.7474″N105°56′18.6714″W / 35.687429833°N 105.938519833°W /35.687429833; -105.938519833 |
| Area | 2 acres (0.81 ha) |
| Built | 1821 (1821) |
| Part of | Santa Fe Historic District (ID73001150[1]) |
| NRHP reference No. | 66000491[1] |
| NMSRCP No. | 260 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | October 15, 1966 |
| Designated NHL | December 19, 1960[2] |
| Designated CP | July 23, 1973 |
| Designated NMSRCP | September 29, 1972 |
TheSanta Fe Plaza (Spanish:Plaza de Santa Fe)[3] is aNational Historic Landmark in downtownSanta Fe, New Mexico in the style of traditional Spanish-American colonial cities. Theplaza, or city square is a gathering place for locals and also a tourist attraction. It is home to annual events includingFiestas de Santa Fe, the Spanish Market, the Santa Fe Bandstand, and theSanta Fe Indian Market.
Listed on theNational Register of Historic Places, the plaza consists of a central park lined with grass, trees, and benches. DuringChristmas time, the plaza is decorated withfarolitos,luminarias, and trees lights. The park also includes a performing arts stage.
Encompassed in the general plaza area are historic monuments, restaurants, businesses and art galleries, including thePalace of the Governors (the oldest public building in theUnited States), theNew Mexico Museum of Art,Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi, and theLoretto Chapel. In true pueblo fashion, the Plaza architecture is traditionaladobe. Just 16 miles (26 km) from the Santa Fe ski basin, the Plaza dates back to the early 17th century when Santa Fe was settled byconquistadors. Until the mid-19th century, the Plaza lacked landscaping, and ownership of the area transitioned between the Spaniards and the Mexicans throughout the earlier years.[4]
The area now known as Santa Fe had been inhabited byTewa and other peoples, for which there is archaeological evidence as near[clarification needed] to the Plaza as the Sena compound.[5]
All Spanish colonial towns with a regional governor's office (forSanta Fe de Nuevo México, that was thePalace of the Governors) were required by the civic planning section of thelaws of the Indies to have aPlaza de Armas to marshal the palace guard in. The original Plaza was a presidio surrounded by a large defensive wall that enclosed residences, barracks, a chapel, a prison and the Governor's palace. Eventually the wall gave way to large houses built by high-ranking Spanish officers and officials. In the early days, it was found at the end of El Camino Real (the Spanish Royal Road from Mexico City).[6]
With Mexico's Independence from Spain, in 1821, theSanta Fe Trail, a trade route connecting New Mexico withMissouri, was opened with its western terminus at the Santa Fe Plaza. Overland wagon caravans used the plaza to camp and unload trade goods. The Old Pecos Trail also passed nearby before it was rerouted.[7][failed verification]
After theNew Mexico Territory was established, a fence was built around the plaza to keep out animals. Trees were also planted and pathways were introduced. A bandstand was added at various locations over time, as was the Soldiers' Monument in the plaza center.[8]
After New Mexico was admitted as the 47th state in 1912, a historic preservation plan was established.[when?] The plaza is now marked by structures in the Pueblo, Spanish and Territorial styles that reflect its history. Among the most noted are the original palacio, the Palace of the Governors, built between 1610 and 1612 and San Miguel Mission, a noted landmark (c. 1640), and one of the oldest churches in the United States.[9] The plaza is surrounded by restaurants, shops, and museums. Many seasonal community events are held at the plaza.
On October 12, 2020,Indigenous People's Day, the obelisk portion of theSoldiers' Monument in the center of the plaza was toppled by protestors.[10]
The Plaza has several mature trees, street lamps, a banco, a centralmonument, a buried time capsule,[11] a bandstand and a water fountain. Wireless internet access is also available as of 2019.[citation needed]
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