In 1851,Santa Clara College was established on the grounds of the original Mission. In 1852, Santa Clara wasincorporated as a town; it became state-chartered by 1862.
For the next century, the economy centered on agriculture since orchards and vegetables were thriving in the fertile soil. By the beginning of the 20th century, the population had reached 5,000 and stayed about the same for many years.
In 1905, the first public high-altitude flights by humans were made over Santa Clara in gliders designed byJohn J. Montgomery. Thesemiconductor industry, which sprouted around 1960, changed the city and surroundingValley of Heart's Delight; little of its agricultural past remains.
Santa Clara's first medical hospital was built in 1963. This structure, on Kiely Boulevard, was replaced in 2007 with a new Kaiser Permanente medical center located on Lawrence Expressway at Homestead Road.
Santa Clara was also home to a major mental health facility,Agnews State Hospital. According to the National Park Service, more than 100 persons were killed at this site in the 1906 earthquake. The site is the former home toSun Microsystems and is listed in theNational Register of Historic Places.
In 1963, Santa Clara City Council voted to knock down the eight-block grid of Downtown Santa Clara, in order to receive federal funding forurban renewal.[10][11] Since 2017, there has been a grassroots movement to rebuild Santa Clara's historic downtown.[12]
There are some significant biological resources within the city includinghabitat for theburrowing owl, aspecies of special concern in California due to reduction in habitat from urban development during the latter 20th century.[13] This owl uses burrows created byground squirrels and prefers generally level grasslands and even disturbed areas.Coyotes have also become active in the area in recent years.[14]
According to theU.S. Census Bureau, the city covers an area of 18.4 square miles (48 km2), all of it land.
The average daily temperatures in July range from 82 °F (28 °C) to 53 °F (12 °C). Winters are mild, with the mean daily temperatures in January ranging from 58 °F (14 °C) to 38 °F (3 °C). Most of the annual rainfall comes in the winter months; the summer months are generally rainless.
Santa Clara, California – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
The2010 United States census[20] reported that Santa Clara had a population of 116,468. The population density was 6,327.3 inhabitants per square mile (2,443.0/km2). The ethnic makeup of Santa Clara was 52,359 (45.0%)White, 3,154 (2.7%)African American, 579 (0.5%)Native American, 43,889 (37.7%)Asian (13.6% Indian, 6.9% Chinese, 6.2% Filipino, 3.9% Vietnamese, 3.0% Korean, 1.5% Japanese), 651 (0.6%)Pacific Islander, 9,624 (8.3%) fromother races, and 6,212 (5.3%) from two or more races. There were 22,598 people (19.4%) who identified asHispanic orLatino; 14.6% of Santa Clara's population was of Mexican ancestry.
The Census reported that 113,272 people (97.3% of the population) lived in households, 2,860 (2.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 336 (0.3%) were institutionalized.
There were 43,021 households, out of which 14,477 (33.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 21,817 (50.7%) wereopposite-sex married couples living together, 4,081 (9.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,038 (4.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,146 (5.0%)unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 312 (0.7%)same-sex married couples or partnerships. 10,906 households (25.4%) were made up of individuals, and 2,945 (6.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63. There were 27,936families (64.9% of all households); the average family size was 3.18.
The age distribution of the population was as follows: 24,774 people (21.3%) were under the age of 18, 12,511 people (10.7%) aged 18 to 24, 41,876 people (36.0%) aged 25 to 44, 25,628 people (22.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 11,679 people (10.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.9 males.
There were 45,147 housing units at an average density of 2,452.7 units per square mile (947.0 units/km2), of which 19,747 (45.9%) were owner-occupied, and 23,274 (54.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.6%. 53,694 people (46.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 59,578 people (51.2%) lived in rental housing units.
Santa Clara owns and operates an electric utility calledSilicon Valley Power. In 2005 Silicon Valley Power brought online theDonald Von Raesfeld (DVR) Power Plant. The newcombined cycle gas turbine plant produces 147 megawatts of electricity for the city and its residents.[21] As a result, the going rate for electricity in Santa Clara is considerably cheaper than that offered by Northern California's dominant utility,Pacific Gas and Electric.
The current mayor of Santa Clara is Lisa M. Gillmor. Its city councilmembers are: Kathy Watanabe (District 1), Raj Chahal (District 2), Karen Hardy (District 3), Kevin Park (District 4), Suds Jain (District 5), and Anthony Becker (District 6).[3]Santa Clara is represented inCalifornia's 17th congressional district for theU.S. House of Representatives, currently represented byRo Khanna (D).
Santa Clara Unified School District is the public school district that serves Santa Clara and small portions of Sunnyvale and North San Jose. The city is home to nineteen K–8, elementary, and high schools. Many of the schools are named for former farmers, ranchers, and other notable Santa Clara residents such as Bowers and Bracher elementary schools, Buchser Middle School,Wilcox High School,Santa Clara High School, and Mission Early College High School.
A small part of the city however is served byCupertino High School and its feeder schools in the nearby town of its namesake.
Nearby is theSanta Clara Convention Center, one of Silicon Valley's largest event and meeting venues. Santa Clara also offers several museums such as theIntel Museum,Triton Museum of Art, and the Harris – Lass historical house. TheOur Lady of Peace Shrine is notable for its 32-foot-tall (9.8 m) statue which is visible fromHighway 101. The Mission City Center for Performing Arts is the city's venue for theatrical productions and entertainment.
TheSanta Clara Broncos are theDivision I NCAA athletic programs ofSanta Clara University. Santa Clara sponsors 19 different teams, most of which compete in theWest Coast Conference. The red and white of the Santa Clara Broncos is featured on the flag of the city, as is the Mission which lies at the heart of the campus.
TheSanta Clara Vanguard, a competitive marching music organization, has been headquartered in Santa Clara since its inception. The organization runs and operates awinter guard, anindoor percussion ensemble, and twodrum and bugle corps, all of which compete across the country every year. All four ensembles have been very successful competitively, especially the two drum corps, one of which has won 6 Open Class titles and the other 7 World Class titles.
TheSan Francisco 49ersNational Football League football team has its headquarters and practice facilities in Santa Clara. On Wednesday, November 8, 2006, the 49ers announced their intention tomove the team to Santa Clara in time for the fall 2014 season, after negotiations failed with the city of San Francisco to build a new stadium.[30]
^ Santa Clara Journal microfilm, Santa Clara, California Wednesday, January 2, 1963, First (Front) page, Article: Renewal Hits Homestretch, Vol 91 No. 9, Santa Clara City Public Library Archives in Santa Clara, CA
^Santa Clara City Urban Renewal: Home Movie Clips 1963–1966 Source by Warburton, Austen; Warburton, Margot: VHS: 1 Tape of 1 Call Number: Video 979.473 S23 Case, Rights: Copyrighted. Rights are owned by Santa Clara City Library
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