San Gabriel, California | |
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 Flag  Seal | |
| Motto: "City With AMission" | |
 Location of San Gabriel inLos Angeles County,California | |
  San Gabriel Location of San Gabriel in Los Angeles County, California Show map of the Los Angeles metropolitan area San Gabriel Location of San Gabriel in California Show map of California San Gabriel Location of San Gabriel in the USA Show map of the United States | |
| Coordinates:34°6′10.14″N118°5′58.89″W / 34.1028167°N 118.0996917°W /34.1028167; -118.0996917 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | Los Angeles |
| Incorporated | April 24, 1913[1] |
| Named after | Archangel Gabriel |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Denise Menchaca |
| • Vice Mayor | Eric Chan |
| • City Council | Tony Ding Jorge Herrera Ávila John Wu |
| • City Manager | Mark Lazzaretto[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 4.15 sq mi (10.74 km2) |
| • Land | 4.14 sq mi (10.73 km2) |
| • Water | 0 sq mi (0.00 km2) 0.02% |
| Elevation | 420 ft (128 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 39,568 |
| • Density | 9,548/sq mi (3,686.6/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (Pacific Time Zone) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
| ZIP codes | 91775, 91776, 91778[7] |
| Area code | 626[8] |
| FIPS code | 06-67042 |
| GNIS feature IDs | 1656614,2411787 |
| Website | www |
San Gabriel (Spanish for "Saint Gabriel") is a city located in theSan Gabriel Valley ofLos Angeles County, California. At the2020 census, the population was 39,568.
San Gabriel was founded by the Spanish in 1771, whenMission San Gabriel Arcángel was established bySaint Junípero Serra. Through the Spanish and Mexican periods, San Gabriel played an important role in the development ofLos Angeles andCalifornio society. Owing to the prominence of Mission San Gabriel in the region's history, it is often called the "birthplace of theLos Angeles region".[9]
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Prior to the arrival of the Spanish toAlta California, the area that is San Gabriel were inhabited by theTongva, whom the Spanish called theGabrieleño. The Tongva village ofShevaanga was located at the original site ofMission San Gabriel, before being moved to the site of another village,Toviscanga, in 1776 after being destroyed by a flood. These villages were part of an extensive trade network and were interconnected by a series of trails.[10][11]
Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, founded by FatherJunípero Serra in 1771, is the fourth of twenty-one California Missions, and is known as the "Pride of theCalifornia Missions."[12] Dissidence and rebellions against the mission by the Tongva, who were forced to labor at the mission, were common.[13] After the Spanish missionaries bannedconverts to Christianity from dancing and participating in ceremony, a major rebellion of eight villages was staged against the mission in 1785 led byToypurina and Nicolás Josè.[14]
The Mission San Gabriel Arcángel served a pivotal role in theCalifornio society, with many of the area's first Mexican settlers being baptized at the mission, including future governorPio Pico, who was born in 1801 at the mission and baptized there the same year. He was appointed as California's governor twice, serving briefly in 1832 and again from 1845 through theMexican–American War. Later in life, he was elected as a Los Angeles City councilman.[15] The city ofPico Rivera was named to honor him as the last governor of California to be born inMexico.[16]
In 1853, a company of Army Engineers, which included the geologistWilliam P. Blake, passed by the mission in search of the best route for anintercontinental railroad. Blake observed that the once great vineyards had fallen into wild disarray. Fences were in disrepair and animals roamed freely through the property. But the mission bells were ringing and the church was still in use. Blake predicted, "I believe that when the adaptation of that portion of California to the culture of the grape and the manufacture of wine becomes known and appreciated, the state will become celebrated not only for its gold and grain, but (also) for its fruits and wines."[17]
In the first United States census made in California in 1860, 586 people lived in the San Gabriel township, an area encompassing the mission lands and several adjacent ranchos stretching north to what is nowPasadena. By 1870, the population had shrunk to 436.[18][19]
San Gabriel incorporated as a city April 24, 1913, with a population of 1,500.[17]
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.1 square miles (11 km2), virtually all of it land.
The city is located in theSan Gabriel Valley and is bordered on the north bySan Marino, on the east byTemple City andRosemead, to the south byRosemead and to the west byAlhambra.
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The Parks and Recreation Department offers an after school sports program and a summer playground program for San Gabriel youth. Along with these programs, the department provides a variety of trips and special events throughout the year for youth of all ages.
Parks include:
According to theKöppen Climate Classification system, San Gabriel has ahot-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csa" on climate maps. Summers are hot and very dry, and winters are mild.
| Climate data for San Gabriel, California, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1939–2015 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 94 (34) | 94 (34) | 101 (38) | 106 (41) | 106 (41) | 111 (44) | 108 (42) | 112 (44) | 112 (44) | 108 (42) | 101 (38) | 96 (36) | 112 (44) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 84.8 (29.3) | 85.6 (29.8) | 87.4 (30.8) | 93.2 (34.0) | 92.5 (33.6) | 95.2 (35.1) | 98.7 (37.1) | 100.7 (38.2) | 102.5 (39.2) | 98.0 (36.7) | 90.1 (32.3) | 82.9 (28.3) | 106.2 (41.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 68.6 (20.3) | 68.2 (20.1) | 70.9 (21.6) | 73.8 (23.2) | 75.6 (24.2) | 80.8 (27.1) | 85.5 (29.7) | 87.6 (30.9) | 86.7 (30.4) | 80.7 (27.1) | 74.0 (23.3) | 67.8 (19.9) | 76.7 (24.8) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 57.4 (14.1) | 57.7 (14.3) | 60.7 (15.9) | 63.2 (17.3) | 66.6 (19.2) | 71.2 (21.8) | 75.4 (24.1) | 76.6 (24.8) | 75.1 (23.9) | 69.0 (20.6) | 62.3 (16.8) | 56.6 (13.7) | 66.0 (18.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 46.1 (7.8) | 47.1 (8.4) | 50.5 (10.3) | 52.7 (11.5) | 57.6 (14.2) | 61.5 (16.4) | 65.2 (18.4) | 65.5 (18.6) | 63.6 (17.6) | 57.4 (14.1) | 50.6 (10.3) | 45.3 (7.4) | 55.3 (12.9) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 33.9 (1.1) | 35.7 (2.1) | 38.5 (3.6) | 41.8 (5.4) | 48.1 (8.9) | 52.8 (11.6) | 57.1 (13.9) | 56.1 (13.4) | 54.2 (12.3) | 47.0 (8.3) | 38.6 (3.7) | 33.3 (0.7) | 31.8 (−0.1) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 22 (−6) | 25 (−4) | 31 (−1) | 34 (1) | 38 (3) | 43 (6) | 46 (8) | 47 (8) | 42 (6) | 33 (1) | 30 (−1) | 24 (−4) | 22 (−6) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 3.56 (90) | 4.22 (107) | 2.53 (64) | 0.61 (15) | 0.48 (12) | 0.13 (3.3) | 0.04 (1.0) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.13 (3.3) | 0.61 (15) | 0.92 (23) | 2.44 (62) | 15.67 (398) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) | 6.5 | 7.1 | 5.1 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 4.7 | 33.2 |
| Source 1: NOAA[20] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima 1981–2010)[21] | |||||||||||||
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 737 | — | |
| 1920 | 2,640 | — | |
| 1930 | 7,224 | 173.6% | |
| 1940 | 11,867 | 64.3% | |
| 1950 | 20,343 | 71.4% | |
| 1960 | 22,561 | 10.9% | |
| 1970 | 29,336 | 30.0% | |
| 1980 | 30,072 | 2.5% | |
| 1990 | 37,120 | 23.4% | |
| 2000 | 39,804 | 7.2% | |
| 2010 | 39,718 | −0.2% | |
| 2020 | 39,568 | −0.4% | |
| 2024 (est.) | 37,926 | [22] | −4.1% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[23] 1860–1870[24][25] 1880-1890[26] 1900[27] 1910[28] 1920[29] 1930[30] 1940[31] 1950[32] 1960[33][34] 1970[35] 1980[36] 1990[37]2000[38] 2010[39] 2020[40] | |||
San Gabriel first appeared as a city in the1920 U.S. census.[29] In prior years, the area was part of the unincorporated portion of the now defunct San Gabriel Township (pop. 8,550 in 1910 and 2,501 in 1900).[28][27]
| Race / Ethnicity(NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[41] | Pop 2010[42] | Pop 2020[40] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 6,930 | 4,539 | 3,381 | 17.41% | 11.43% | 8.54% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 360 | 337 | 355 | 0.90% | 0.85% | 0.90% |
| Native American orAlaska Native alone (NH) | 129 | 55 | 42 | 0.32% | 0.14% | 0.11% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 19,399 | 23,994 | 25,068 | 48.74% | 60.41% | 63.35% |
| Native Hawaiian orPacific Islander alone (NH) | 28 | 26 | 16 | 0.07% | 0.07% | 0.04% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 51 | 44 | 100 | 0.13% | 0.11% | 0.25% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 684 | 534 | 728 | 1.72% | 1.34% | 1.84% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 12,223 | 10,189 | 9,878 | 30.71% | 25.65% | 24.96% |
| Total | 39,804 | 39,718 | 39,568 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
The2020 United States census reported that San Gabriel had a population of 39,568. The population density was 9,548.3 inhabitants per square mile (3,686.6/km2). The racial makeup of San Gabriel was 12.6%White, 1.0%African American, 0.9%Native American, 63.7%Asian, 0.1%Pacific Islander, 12.4% fromother races, and 9.2% from two or more races.Hispanic or Latino of any race were 25.0% of the population.[43]
The census reported that 98.5% of the population lived in households, 0.4% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 1.1% were institutionalized.[43]
There were 12,890 households, out of which 32.0% included children under the age of 18, 49.9% were married-couple households, 4.7% werecohabiting couple households, 27.9% had a female householder with no partner present, and 17.6% had a male householder with no partner present. 17.1% of households were one person, and 6.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.02.[43] There were 9,758families (75.7% of all households).[44]
The age distribution was 17.0% under the age of 18, 8.2% aged 18 to 24, 27.3% aged 25 to 44, 29.8% aged 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.3 males.[43]
There were 13,461 housing units at an average density of 3,248.3 units per square mile (1,254.2 units/km2), of which 12,890 (95.8%) were occupied. Of these, 45.9% were owner-occupied, and 54.1% were occupied by renters.[43]
In 2023, the US Census Bureau estimated that the median household income was $87,592, and theper capita income was $38,157. About 11.4% of families and 12.3% of the population were below the poverty line.[45]
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The2010 United States census[46] reported that San Gabriel had a population of 39,718. The population density was 9,581.5 inhabitants per square mile (3,699.4/km2). The racial makeup of San Gabriel was 24,091 (60.7%)Asian, 10,076 (25.4%)White (11.4% Non-Hispanic White), 388 (1.0%)African American, 220 (0.6%)Native American, 43 (0.1%)Pacific Islander, 3,762 (9.5%) fromother races, and 1,138 (2.9%) from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 10,189 persons (25.7%).
The Census reported that 39,266 people (98.9% of the population) lived in households, 34 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 418 (1.1%) were institutionalized.
There were 12,542 households, out of which 4,542 (36.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 6,668 (53.2%) wereopposite-sex married couples living together, 1,961 (15.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 965 (7.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 481 (3.8%)unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 76 (0.6%)same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,121 households (16.9%) were made up of individuals, and 800 (6.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.13. There were 9,594families (76.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.47.
The population was spread out, with 7,866 people (19.8%) under the age of 18, 3,555 people (9.0%) aged 18 to 24, 11,335 people (28.5%) aged 25 to 44, 11,388 people (28.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 5,574 people (14.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.
There were 13,237 housing units at an average density of 3,193.3 per square mile (1,232.9/km2), of which 6,168 (49.2%) were owner-occupied, and 6,374 (50.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.7%. 19,974 people (50.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,292 people (48.6%) lived in rental housing units.
According to theLos Angeles Times,Chinese andMexican were the most ancestries in 2000, with 52.6% of residents foreign born,Vietnam andChina being the most common places of birth.[47]
These were the ten neighborhoods in Los Angeles County with the largest percentage ofAsian residents, according to the 2000 census:[48]
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According to the city's 2019 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:[49]
| # | Employer | # of Employees |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | AHMC San Gabriel Valley Medical | 1062 |
| 2 | Landwin Hospitality LLC | 150 |
| 3 | Ivy Creek Healthcare & Wellness Centre | 147 |
| 4 | SGV Healthcare Inc. | 147 |
| 5 | 99 Ranch Market #208 | 143 |
| 6 | Royal Vista Care Center, LLC | 123 |
| 7 | San Gabriel Country Club | 120 |
| 8 | Pine Grove Healthcare & Wellness Centre | 116 |
| 9 | Five Star Seafood Restaurant | 105 |
| 10 | San Gabriel Superstore | 105 |
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In thestate legislature San Gabriel is located inthe 25th senatorial district, represented byDemocrat Sasha Renée Pérez, and inthe 49th Assembly district, represented byDemocrat Mike Fong.[50]
In theUnited States House of Representatives, San Gabriel is inCalifornia's 28th congressional district, represented byDemocrat Judy Chu.[51]
Five councilmembers are elected by the voters to serve a four-year term. The Mayor is appointed annually by the Council in a rotation among its members. The City Council is also the Redevelopment Agency Board of Directors. As of July 2024, the members are Mayor John Wu, Vice Mayor Denise Menchaca, and Councilmembers Eric Chan, Tony Ding, and John R. Harrington.[3]
The city's first Chinese American mayor wasChi Mui in 2006. He symbolized San Gabriel's rise as the new center of the region's Chinese community. He died of cancer three months later.[52] Mui was replaced by Albert Y. M. Huang, who served as mayor during his term. Huang submitted his resignation October 19, 2010, following a late-night domestic dispute with his girlfriend and subsequent arrest. Huang has since been cleared of all charges.[53]
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 2024 | 4,702 | 37.68% | 7,379 | 59.13% | 398 | 3.19% |
| 2020 | 4,690 | 32.08% | 9,651 | 66.01% | 280 | 1.92% |
| 2016 | 2,849 | 26.76% | 7,262 | 68.22% | 534 | 5.02% |
| 2012 | 3,265 | 32.47% | 6,567 | 65.31% | 223 | 2.22% |
| 2008 | 4,032 | 36.40% | 6,828 | 61.64% | 218 | 1.97% |
San Gabriel is solidly Democrat at the presidential level. Although, there was a notable trend towards the Republican party from 2016 to 2024. This followed a trend towards the Democrats from 2008 to 2016.[54]
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The vast majority of the city of San Gabriel is served by theSan Gabriel Unified School District.[55] It has five of the public elementary schools,[56]Jefferson Middle School,Gabrielino High School, Del Mar High School, which opened in 2010, is an alternative high school.[57]
A portion of San Gabriel is in theGarvey School District and theAlhambra Unified School District.[55] Two elementary schools that exist within the city limits are operated by the Garvey School District, in the southern portion of San Gabriel.San Gabriel High School is operated by Alhambra USD .
A portion of San Gabriel is in theRosemead Elementary School District and theEl Monte Union High School District.[55]
San Gabriel Mission High School is a Catholic, all girls school.
San Gabriel community news are covered by theSan Gabriel Valley Tribune, a paid daily newspaper, as well as byMid-Valley News andSan Gabriel Sun, which are community weeklies.
The independent, non-corporatecommunity newspaperColorado Boulevard Newspaper covers the city of San Gabriel both in print and online, along with neighboring cities in the westernSan Gabriel Valley.
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The city has a mixture of Asian, European, and North American cultures.[58] Second- and third-generation Chinese Americans patronize its diverse array of stores and eateries.[52]
There is the 12-acre (49,000 m2) "San Gabriel Square" mall, sometimes referred to as the "Chinese Disneyland".[58] It was also nicknamed by theLos Angeles Times as "the great mall of China."[59][60] This stretch of Chinese shops and bold architecture, with roofs of Spanish-style tile, is the model for the newethnoburbs recently recognized in places likeLas Vegas andHouston.[58][61]
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San Gabriel is currently served by theLos Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
In 2008, voters approved the measure, proposition 1A for the California High Speed Rail Project from San Diego to San Francisco.[62] The project will be constructed in two segments. TheSan Francisco toLos Angeles/Anaheim project is scheduled to be built first, at a cost of $43 billion, with a completion date in 2029.[62] The second phase of the proposed railway, from Los Angeles to stations inSan Diego will not begin construction until after phase one is completed. TheCalifornia High-Speed Rail Authority is responsible for planning, designing, and building the system.
Conceptually, the voters were very enthusiastic about a high speed railway. The reality of the possibility that it could impact their neighborhood and their homes is being met with steadfast disapproval. When theCalifornia High-Speed Rail Authority recently met with the city councils and residents of San Gabriel,El Monte,Rosemead[63] andAlhambra, to discuss the four proposed routes for phase two, the members of the three city councils expressed that residents were very concerned that the railway could possibly end up in their backyards.[62] Mayor David Gutierrez said, "We made a promise to the community that the city of San Gabriel will never allow anything like this to happen if there is any consideration that people might lose their home."[62] No decisions will be made until environmental impact and evaluation of the various proposed routes are completed in 2014.[62]
Changhua City (Changhua County,Taiwan) - (since 1986)a clerk with the Jedediah Smith fur-trapping party spent considerable time observing his San Gabriel mission surroundings. He soon found himself unable to tolerate the site of the natives working in the nearby vineyards and fields. 'They are kept in great fear, and for the least offense they are corrected,' he confided in his diary. 'They are... complete slaves in every sense of the word.'
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