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San Estanislao | |
|---|---|
City and district | |
| San Estanislao de Kostka | |
 Night view of San Estanislao | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Nickname: Santaní | |
  San Estanislao Location in Paraguay | |
| Coordinates:24°39′0″S56°26′0″W / 24.65000°S 56.43333°W /-24.65000; -56.43333 | |
| Country | Paraguay |
| Department | San Pedro |
| Founded | November 13, 1749 by theJesuit Sebastián Yegros |
| Named after | Stanislaus Kostka |
| Government | |
| • Intendente Municipal | Andrés Rafael Jara Melo |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,625 km2 (1,014 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 134 m (440 ft) |
| Population (2008) | |
• Total | 52,983 |
| • Density | 20.18/km2 (52.3/sq mi) |
| Time zone | -4 Gmt |
| Postal code | 8210 |
| Area code | (595) (43) |
San Estanislao de Kostka, usually referred to asSan Estanislao and colloquially asSantaní, is a city and district in the department ofSan Pedro,Paraguay.
San Estanislao was founded on November 13, 1749 by Father Sebastián de Yegros, aJesuit priest fromAsunción afterSaint Stanislaus Kostka, a Polish priest who was canonized byPope Benedict XIII 23 years before. The town was founded as aJesuit mission with the goal of converting the surrounding native population.
Santaní, as the city is commonly referred to locally and throughout Paraguay, is a contraction of the word for 'saint' in Spanish (san) and the word for 'Stanislaus' inGuaraní (taní).[citation needed] People from Santaní are referred to assantanianos in Spanish.
In 1869, during theParaguayan War, San Estanislao was briefly the seat of the national government under MarshalFrancisco Solano López. Following battles elsewhere in Paraguay, López and several of his regiments passed through the city. López governed from the city from August 23 to 31.
Around 1880, San Estanislao became home toimmigrants both from other parts of Paraguay and from Europe, especially from Germany and Italy. The influence of the Italian immigrants, in particular, can still be seen today in various buildings in Italian styles and the last names of some of the oldest Santaniana families.
Decades later, around 1920, Santaní also received immigrants fromLebanon. After arriving atItacurubí del Rosario, some of the new arrivals made their way to Santaní. Other countries that sent relatively large numbers of immigrants to the city were France, Portugal,Brazil and Spain.
Caazapá has ahumid subtropical climate (Köppen:Cfa), close to atropical monsoon climate (Köppen:Am)[1] with hot summers and warm winters.
| Climate data for San Estanislao (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 42.4 (108.3) | 39.6 (103.3) | 41.0 (105.8) | 38.0 (100.4) | 35.2 (95.4) | 34.0 (93.2) | 34.4 (93.9) | 38.4 (101.1) | 40.8 (105.4) | 42.2 (108.0) | 41.2 (106.2) | 39.0 (102.2) | 42.4 (108.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.2 (90.0) | 31.8 (89.2) | 31.3 (88.3) | 29.2 (84.6) | 25.2 (77.4) | 24.1 (75.4) | 24.4 (75.9) | 26.9 (80.4) | 28.2 (82.8) | 29.8 (85.6) | 30.7 (87.3) | 31.5 (88.7) | 28.8 (83.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.4 (81.3) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.0 (78.8) | 23.4 (74.1) | 19.5 (67.1) | 18.5 (65.3) | 17.7 (63.9) | 19.7 (67.5) | 21.7 (71.1) | 24.3 (75.7) | 25.4 (77.7) | 26.9 (80.4) | 23.1 (73.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.1 (71.8) | 21.5 (70.7) | 20.5 (68.9) | 18.2 (64.8) | 14.7 (58.5) | 13.8 (56.8) | 12.6 (54.7) | 14.2 (57.6) | 16.2 (61.2) | 19.1 (66.4) | 19.8 (67.6) | 21.4 (70.5) | 17.8 (64.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 14.6 (58.3) | 10.6 (51.1) | 8.4 (47.1) | 5.0 (41.0) | 1.2 (34.2) | −0.8 (30.6) | −1.2 (29.8) | 0.0 (32.0) | 0.0 (32.0) | 6.4 (43.5) | 7.0 (44.6) | 9.8 (49.6) | −1.2 (29.8) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 133.4 (5.25) | 171.0 (6.73) | 123.3 (4.85) | 163.3 (6.43) | 183.4 (7.22) | 105.3 (4.15) | 64.0 (2.52) | 52.7 (2.07) | 117.3 (4.62) | 189.6 (7.46) | 182.8 (7.20) | 173.1 (6.81) | 1,659.1 (65.32) |
| Source:NOAA[2][3] | |||||||||||||
After 1870, during the postwar period, Santaní and the surrounding countryside were sustained mostly throughagriculture andforestry.Tobacco was the major crop, and its production and packaging for export were a main contributor of jobs.
Today the primary economic activity continues to be agriculture, especiallycotton,mandioca,soy andsesame. Beef and milk production, forestry, commerce, and regional services (medical treatment, banking, and construction) also contribute to the city's economy.
San Estanislao is home to schools ranging from primary- to university-level, both public and private.
In 1994 a College of Economic Sciences was established in the city as part of theUNA. There are more than 10 universities in downtown Santani.
Travel time between San Estanislao andAsunción (151 km away) was greatly reduced with the inauguration ofRoute 3 in May 2004. Buses leave the terminal to Asuncion every half an hour.