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San Carlos, California | |
|---|---|
 San Carlos Train Station | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| Motto: "City Of Good Living" | |
 Location inSan Mateo County and the state ofCalifornia | |
  San Carlos, California Location in the contiguous United States of America | |
| Coordinates:37°29′44″N122°16′00″W / 37.4955°N 122.2668°W /37.4955; -122.2668[1] | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | San Mateo |
| Incorporated | July 8, 1925[2] |
| Named after | Unknown (suggested to beSan Carlos,King Charles III,Feast of St. Charles)[3] |
| Government | |
| • Type | Council–manager[4] |
| • City council[7] | Sara McDowell,Mayor Pranita Venkatesh, Vice Mayor John Duggan Neil Layton Adam Rak |
| • City treasurer | Inge Tiegel[5] |
| • City manager | Jeff Maltbie[4] |
| • State senator | Josh Becker (D)[6] |
| • Assemblymember | Diane Papan (D)[6] |
| Area | |
• Total | 5.41 sq mi (14.02 km2) |
| • Land | 5.41 sq mi (14.02 km2) |
| • Water | 0 sq mi (0.00 km2) 0.01% |
| Elevation | 33 ft (10 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 28,557 |
| • Density | 5,578.2/sq mi (2,153.76/km2) |
| Demonym | San Carlan |
| Time zone | UTC−8 (Pacific) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−7 (PDT) |
| ZIP codes | 94070, 94071 |
| Area code | 650 |
| FIPS code | 06-65070 |
| GNIS feature IDs | 277592,2411780 |
| Website | cityofsancarlos |
San Carlos (Spanish for "St. Charles") is a city inSan Mateo County, California, United States. The population is 30,722 per the2020 census.
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Prior to theSpanish arrival in 1769, the land of San Carlos was occupied by a group ofNative Americans who called themselves theLamchins.[12] While they considered themselves to have a separate identity from other local tribes, modern scholars consider them to be a part of theOhlone orCostanoan tribes that inhabited the Bay Area.
The Lamchins referred to the area of their primary residence—probably on the north bank of Pulgas creek—as "Cachanihtac", which included their word for vermin. When the Spanish arrived, they translated this as "the fleas", or "las Pulgas", giving many places and roads their modern names.
The Native American life was one of traditional hunting and gathering. There was plentiful game and fowl available, and fish could be caught in the San Francisco Bay. There were also grasses, plants and oak trees (for acorns), and archaeological finds of mortars and pestles indicate that these source were processed for food. No doubt they also participated in the regional trading networks for goods that could not be gathered or grown locally.
The Lamchin permanent village is thought to have been between the modern streets of Alameda de las Pulgas and Cordilleras Avenue, near San Carlos Avenue.
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In 1769,Gaspar de Portolá was the first westerner to reach the San Francisco Bay. While early historians placed his approach to the Bay from the Pacific Ocean as coming over the San Carlos hills, present researchers believe this "discovery" actually occurred in present-dayBelmont.
The Spanish, with overwhelming military and economic advantages over the native population, quickly dominated the Bay Area. Initially, the missionaries invited local people to join them atMission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores) and convert toChristianity. Facing the end of their way of life, the local population had little choice but to seek assistance from the missions and convert to Christianity.[citation needed] Traditional trade routes and alliances fell apart. The Lamchin were one of the first local peoples to move to the mission. The first Lamchin were baptized at the mission in 1777 and last 1794. A total of 139 Lamchin people appear in the mission's baptismal records.[13]
Afterward, the land was deeded in large "ranchos", or ranches, to prominent and wealthy Spaniards, with no concern for the native populations that lived on them.[citation needed] The new ranch owners raised cattle on the lands, displacing the native game populations and disrupting the food supply of the indigenous population. As well, the Spanish strongly discouraged the Native Americans from their periodic controlled burns, which helped maintain the grasslands.[citation needed]
The land now occupied by the city of San Carlos was deeded as a single large rancho to DonJosé Darío Argüello. He and his family did not live there, but rather raised cattle and crops for money on "Rancho Cachinetac" (a Spanish derivation of "Cachanihtac"). José's sonLuis Argüello was the first California-born governor of the state, and after his death in 1830 the remaining family moved to the ranch, now known asRancho de las Pulgas. The family abode was located at the present-day intersection of Magnolia and Cedar streets.
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While theCalifornia Gold Rush of 1849 found no gold nearby, disappointedSierra Nevada prospectors made their way to the region, bringing the first non-Spanish western settlers. The Argüello family retained deed to their ranch through the transfer of governments to theUnited States, and, in the 1850s, began selling parcels of it through their agent S. M. Mezes.
While the port ofRedwood City, to the south, and the town ofBelmont, to the north, both grew quickly in the late 19th century, San Carlos' growth was much slower. Major portions were purchased by theBrittan Family, theHull Family, theRalston family andTimothy Guy Phelps.
Timothy Phelps, a wealthy politician, made an early attempt to further develop the San Carlos area. He paid for significant improvements such as sewer lines and street grading, and began to promote lot sales in what he immodestly called "The Town of Phelps".
Phelps' sales were largely unsuccessful, and he eventually sold much of his land to Nicholas T. Smith's San Carlos Land Development Company. Other developers were not overly fond of Phelps' eponymous efforts, and decided to rename the town. Some maps are existent referring to the area as "Lomitas" ("little hills" in Spanish) but eventually due to historical legend, the name "San Carlos" was chosen. As noted previously, it was believed that Portolá had first seen the San Francisco Bay on November 4 from the San Carlos hills. November 4 is thefeast day ofSt. Charles. As well, the Spanish king at the time wasCarlos III, and the first ship to sail into San Francisco bay was theSan Carlos.
The newly named region—not yetincorporated—received a boost with the construction of thePeninsula Railroad Corridor in 1863, and the addition, of a station at San Carlos in 1888.
Growth remained slow through the turn of the 20th century, with most residents enjoying the short 35-minute train ride to San Francisco while living in a rural setting. The Hull family operated a dairy located at the modern intersection of Hull and Laurel. Many of the other residents which were not involved in agriculture were wealthy business and professional men who worked with the railroad or in San Francisco.
Despite the efforts of the developers, growth was very slow in this period, and San Carlos ended the 19th century with fewer than one hundred houses and families.
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The turn of the 20th century saw the layout of the initial town streets. While "Old County Road" east of the railroad track had been in use as a stage line since at least 1850, the present-day layout west of the railroad track was constructed in the first years of the 20th century. Cedar, Elm, Laurel, Magnolia, Maple (renamedEl Camino Real) and Walnut were put down in this time.
Growth remained slow through the first fifteen years of the new century, but in 1918 the town had grown enough to build a school at 600 Elm Street. One year previouslyFrederick Drake ("The Father of San Carlos") had purchased 130 acres (53 hectares) of real estate in San Carlos in foreclosure, and began marketing it. Growth came quickly, and the early 1920s saw Drake build an office at the southwest corner of Cypress (now San Carlos Ave) and El Camino Real, which is still existent, and as of May 2023[update] is home to Drake's Restaurant, dedicated to Frederick Drake.[14]In the early 1920s, the cypresses along Cypress Ave. were removed, and the street widened and renamed San Carlos Ave. In 1923 the growingmunicipality founded a fire station, and on July 8, 1925, the founders voted to incorporate.[15]
TheGreat Depression affected families in San Carlos, as it did everywhere, but growth continued, and population grew from approximately 600 at incorporation in 1925 to 5,000 in 1941.
In 1932, Charles Litton Sr. founded Litton Engineering Laboratories in San Carlos, revolutionizing vacuum tube production with his invention of the glass-blowing lathe. This innovation laid the groundwork for advancements in electronics and communications, making the company a key precursor to Litton Industries in 1953.[16]
While services such as stores increased in this period, by the beginning ofWorld War II San Carlos was still known in the Bay Area as a rural community. Most of the land in the municipality was still used for agricultural purposes, and photographs of the time show a landscape with few houses separated by large fields.
During World War II, not long after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the American Kennel Club and a new group calling itself "Dogs for Defense" mobilized dog owners across the country to donate quality animals to the Quartermaster Corps. Dogs donated by a patriotic public to the Army saved the lives of a number of soldiers in combat.[17]
In October 1942, the US Army and “Dogs for Defense” came to San Carlos. The 178-acre (72 ha) site, at the top of today's Club and Crestview Drives, which was locally known as the H and H Ranch, was selected to become the US Army War Dog Reception and Training Center[18] (also known as Western Remount Area Reception and Training Center). It was established between October 15 and November 7, 1942.
The first enlisted men for the army post were temporarily housed in the San Carlos Fire Station (located on Laurel Street between San Carlos Ave. and Holly St.) from December 15 to 28, 1942. Each dog handler was given four dogs to train, and at the end of the course, the trainer selected the best one and shipped out.[18] Dogs were trained for sentry, attack, scout, and messenger roles, and later to detect mines. The facility could accommodate 1,200 dogs at any one time.
The first army dog platoon to go overseas in the Pacific was the 25th Quartermaster Corps War Dog Platoon, under the command of 1st Lt. Bruce D. Walker. When they left San Carlos on May 11, 1944, none of the handlers knew what their final destination would be. They left via San Francisco aboard theLiberty ship SS John Isaacson for assignments in the Pacific Theatre.[19]
The facility closed in October 1944,[18] with approximately 4,500 dogs going through the facility during the war.
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In 1944, Dalmo Victor established the city's first large electronics plant, followed soon after byEitel McCullough,Varian Associates (Later occupied byTesla Motors and currently byDevil's Canyon Brewing Company), andLenkurt Electric Company.
Establishment of these two firms was a factor in the quadrupling of San Carlos population in the decade after 1940. In 1950, when the population was 14,371, the city boasted a total of 89 industries: wholesalers, manufacturers and distributors, producing a variety of commodities from electronics to cosmetic. By 1958, the electronic industry comprised a substantial segment of the city's industrial area.
In the late 1940s when Bayshore was a two-lane road, the San Carlos Airport was moved from its former location between Brittan and San Carlos Avenues to its present site. The airport was bought by the county from Cal West Yacht Harbor in 1964 for $990,000.
In 2022, the city received national attention after a woman was beheaded with a sword.[20][21][22]
In 2025, San Carlos is set to celebrate its Centennial Year.
San Carlos is located on theSan Francisco Peninsula.
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.41 square miles (14.0 km2), of which, 5.41 square miles (14.0 km2) of it is land and 0.01% is water.[8]
| Climate data for San Carlos, California | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 78 (26) | 80 (27) | 89 (32) | 97 (36) | 102 (39) | 109 (43) | 110 (43) | 105 (41) | 110 (43) | 104 (40) | 87 (31) | 77 (25) | 110 (43) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 58.5 (14.7) | 62.3 (16.8) | 65.5 (18.6) | 70.2 (21.2) | 74.4 (23.6) | 79.2 (26.2) | 82.4 (28.0) | 82.1 (27.8) | 80.2 (26.8) | 74.4 (23.6) | 65.3 (18.5) | 58.2 (14.6) | 71.1 (21.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 40.3 (4.6) | 43.8 (6.6) | 45.2 (7.3) | 46.5 (8.1) | 50.7 (10.4) | 54.3 (12.4) | 56.3 (13.5) | 56.5 (13.6) | 54.4 (12.4) | 50.5 (10.3) | 44.3 (6.8) | 40.1 (4.5) | 48.6 (9.2) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 16 (−9) | 25 (−4) | 29 (−2) | 33 (1) | 36 (2) | 39 (4) | 40 (4) | 43 (6) | 38 (3) | 33 (1) | 29 (−2) | 19 (−7) | 16 (−9) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 4.02 (102) | 4.09 (104) | 3.13 (80) | 1.16 (29) | 0.47 (12) | 0.1 (2.5) | 0.01 (0.25) | 0.05 (1.3) | 0.16 (4.1) | 1.06 (27) | 2.37 (60) | 3.84 (98) | 20.46 (520.15) |
| Source: "The Weather Channel[23] | |||||||||||||
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1930 | 1,132 | — | |
| 1940 | 3,520 | 211.0% | |
| 1950 | 14,371 | 308.3% | |
| 1960 | 21,370 | 48.7% | |
| 1970 | 26,053 | 21.9% | |
| 1980 | 24,710 | −5.2% | |
| 1990 | 26,167 | 5.9% | |
| 2000 | 27,718 | 5.9% | |
| 2010 | 28,406 | 2.5% | |
| 2020 | 30,722 | 8.2% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[24] | |||
The2020 United States census[25] reported that San Carlos had a population of 30,722. The population density was 5,676.6 inhabitants per square mile (2,191.7/km2). The racial makeup of San Carlos was 21,843 (71.1%)White, 215 (0.7%)African American, 31 (0.1%)Native American, 5,407 (17.6%)Asian, 61 (0.2%)Pacific Islander, and 2,519 (8.2%)Hispanic orLatino. 2,519 (8.2%) residents identified as being from two or more races.
There were 10,955 households, out of which 9,695 (88.5%) of its residents had been living in the household for more than one year. The average number of persons per household was 2.69.
The population was spread out, with 1,812 people (5.9%) under the age of 5, 5,530 (18.0%) aged 6 to 18, 20,584 (67.0%) aged 19 to 64, and 4,608 (15.0%) over the age of 65. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males.
Out of residents aged 25 and older, 29,923 (97.4%) were high school graduates, and 20,983 (68.3%) had completed a bachelor's degree or higher.
The median value of an owner-occupied housing unit was $1,756,800, and the median gross rent was $2,423. The median household income was $189,739, second only toHillsborough among cities of 10,000 or more residents in San Mateo County.
The2010 United States census[26] reported that San Carlos had a population of 28,406. The population density was 5,126.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,979.5/km2). The racial makeup of San Carlos was 22,497 (79.2%)White, 233 (0.8%)African American, 65 (0.2%)Native American, 3,267 (11.5%)Asian, 70 (0.2%)Pacific Islander, 827 (2.9%) fromother races, and 1,447 (5.1%) from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 2,855 persons (10.1%).
The Census reported that 28,315 people (99.7% of the population) lived in households, 79 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 12 (0%) were institutionalized.
There were 11,524 households, out of which 3,854 (33.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 6,645 (57.7%) wereopposite-sex married couples living together, 830 (7.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 352 (3.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 481 (4.2%)unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 112 (1.0%)same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,972 households (25.8%) were made up of individuals, and 1,109 (9.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46. There were 7,827families (67.9% of all households); the average family size was 2.99.
The population was spread out, with 6,699 people (23.6%) under the age of 18, 1,176 people (4.1%) aged 18 to 24, 7,657 people (27.0%) aged 25 to 44, 8,827 people (31.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 4,047 people (14.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.
There were 12,018 housing units at an average density of 2,169.1 units per square mile (837.5 units/km2), of which 8,282 (71.9%) were owner-occupied, and 3,242 (28.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.3%. 21,635 people (76.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 6,680 people (23.5%) lived in rental housing units.
|
As of thecensus[28] of 2000, there were 27,238 people, 11,455 households, and 7,606 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,685.1 inhabitants per square mile (1,808.9/km2). There were 11,691 housing units at an average density of 1,976.1 units per square mile (763.0 units/km2).
There were 11,455 households, out of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.5% weremarried couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 25.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.1% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 33.0% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.6 males.
According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household in the city was $99,110, and the median income for a family was $137,325.[29] Males had a median income of $70,554 versus $51,760 for females. The per capita income for the city was $46,628. 2.7% of the population and 1.4% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 2.3% were under the age of 18 and 3.7% were 65 or older.
Companies based in San Carlos includeCheck Point,MarkLogic,Helix, andNatera.
According to the city's 2022 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report,[30] the top employers in the city are:
| # | Employer | # of Employees |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Natera | 934 |
| 2 | Pacific Gas and Electric | 323 |
| 3 | The Home Depot | 291 |
| 4 | Check Point Software Technologies | 225 |
| 5 | Delta Star | 214 |
| 6 | ChemoCentryx Inc. | 182 |
| 7 | Joby Aero Inc. | 170 |
| 8 | Allakos Inc. | 163 |
| 9 | Atreca Inc. | 140 |
| 10 | Thought Stream | 132 |
L-3 Communications manufactured gas-filled and vacuum tubes used among others in radar system and TV-emitters at their San Carlos plant. In 2016, the company announced they would be moving their operations to South California and Pennsylvania.[31]
The San Carlos History Museum is dedicated to the display of the history of the town from early Native American history to the space age. This museum is open every Saturday from 1:00 PM to 4:00 PM. TheHiller Aviation Museum, a museum specializing in helicopter and aviation history, offers interactive exhibits and more than forty aircraft including a replica of the first aircraft to fly, a spy drone with a 200-foot wingspan, and the nose section of a Boeing 747.
San Carlos was also once home of theCircle Star Theater where performers such asBig Brother & the Holding Company,Richard Marx andRichard Pryor performed.[citation needed] It was torn down and replaced with office buildings.
Every May, the town hosts the "Hometown Days" carnival in Burton Park, the city's largest park. In October, the Chamber of Commerce hosts the San Carlos "Art & Wine Faire". October 2015 marked the 25th year it has been held. Sunday mornings during the summer Laurel street is home to a weekly farmer's market. San Carlos is home to a sculpture titled "Balancing Act" by artist James Moore, in front of Frank D. Harrington park on Laurel Street, which is often decorated for various holidays and local events.
The city is served by the San Carlos Public Library of theSan Mateo County Libraries, a member of thePeninsula Library System.
The current mayor of San Carlos is Sara McDowell. The current vice mayor is Pranita Venkatesh. The three city council members are John Duggan, Neil Layton, and Adam Rak.[7]
Brad Lewis, a producer of films includingRatatouille, served as mayor in 2008.
According to theCalifornia Secretary of State, as of February 10, 2019, San Carlos has 19,706 registered voters. Of those, 9,590 (48.7%) are registeredDemocrats, 3,657 (18.6%) are registeredRepublicans, and 5,699 (28.9%) havedeclined to state a political party.[32]
In theCalifornia State Legislature, San Carlos is inthe 13th senatorial district, represented byDemocrat Josh Becker, and inthe 21st Assembly district, represented byDemocrat Diane Papan.[6]
In theUnited States House of Representatives, San Carlos is inCalifornia's 15th congressional district, represented byDemocrat Kevin Mullin.[33]
The public schools in San Carlos are run by theSan Carlos School District, although the school district boundaries do not cover the entire city of San Carlos. Within the city, there are several elementary schools (grades K–3), two upper elementary schools (grades 4–5), and two middle schools (grades 6–8). Since the 1982 closure ofSan Carlos High School, local students have attendedSequoia High School inRedwood City andCarlmont High School inBelmont.
In 1996, Vice PresidentAl Gore came to speak at Arundel Elementary School in regards to Net Day 1996. Former presidentBill Clinton came to Charter Learning Center in 1997 to recognize the site as the second charter school in the nation.
Up until 1982 San Carlos had its own public high school,San Carlos High School. It was closed due to a decline in student enrollment from an overall aging of San Carlos residents, with the students of San Carlos middle schools divided up among the nearbyCarlmont High School inBelmont andSequoia High School inRedwood City. The playing fields were kept and converted into Highlands Park, which now hosts many local youth sporting groups, while the school was replaced with new housing. By the late 1990s and early first decade of the 21st century, city demographics changed again to a new generation of younger families with children, with the concurrent growth in student populations a new challenge for local schools.
In December 2014, the Sequoia Union High School District proposed development of a small high school in east San Carlos.[41] Due to community opposition, the District instead selected a location in Menlo Park, which opened in 2019 asTIDE Academy.
San Carlos is served by both bus and rail provided bySamTrans andCaltrain, respectively; both agencies are headquartered in downtown San Carlos. In 2002, the city began experimenting with a free shuttle bus service namedSCOOT, short for San Carlos Optimum Operational Transit, to help with transportation difficulties for those living in the hills of the town, and especially to make up for a lack of school buses. However, voters rejected a parcel tax that placed 100% of the financial burden on property owners and the SCOOT program was dismantled on June 17, 2005.[44]
San Carlos Airport is located in San Carlos. It is a private airport, but will soon open the Mineta bus terminal, to allow easy transport to major airports in the area.
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