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| San Carlo ai Catinari | |
|---|---|
Chiesa di Santi Biagio e Carlo ai Catinari | |
 Facade | |
 Click on the map for a fullscreen view | |
| 41°53′39.1″N12°28′30.9″E / 41.894194°N 12.475250°E /41.894194; 12.475250 | |
| Location | Piazza Benedetto Cairoli,Rome |
| Country | Italy |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Tradition | Roman Rite |
| Religious institute | Barnabites |
| History | |
| Status | Titular church |
| Dedication | Saint Blaise andSaint Charles Borromeo |
| Relics held | Saint Blaise (neck vertebrae) |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Rosato Rosati,Giovanni Battista Soria |
| Architectural type | Church |
| Completed | 1638 |
| Administration | |
| Province | Diocese of Rome |
San Carlo ai Catinari, also calledSanti Biagio e Carlo ai Catinari ("Saints Blaise and Charles at the Bowl-Makers"), is an early-Baroque stylechurch in Rome,Italy. It is located on Piazza Benedetto Cairoli, 117 just off the corner of Via Arenula and Via dei Falegnami, a few blocks south of the church ofSant'Andrea della Valle.
The attributeai Catinari refers to the presence, at the time of its construction, of the many makers of wooden basins (Italiancatini) who worked in the area.[1][2][3] The church was commissioned by the Order of theBarnabites and funded by theMilanese community in Rome to honour their fellow Milanese St.Charles Borromeo (Italian:San Carlo). It is one of at least three Roman churches dedicated to him (includingSan Carlo al Corso andSan Carlo alle Quattro Fontane) and one of a number of great 17th century preaching churches built by Counter-Reformation orders in theCentro Storico (the others beingThe Gesù andSant'Ignazio of theJesuits,Sant'Andrea della Valle of theTheatines, and theChiesa Nuova of theOratorians).
The Barnabites in Milan had had close ties to Cardinal Borromeo. He had helped draft the order's constitutions, and they had assisted in ministering during the plague of 1576. When their little church of San Biagio all'Anello in Rome had become too small, they purchased adjoining land and constructed a larger one. Borromeo had been canonized in November 1610. Construction began in September 1611 making this the first church in Rome dedicated to him. In 1618 S. Biagio's was razed, and the new name was formally conferred on the parish.[3]
The main design was by Rosato Rosati between 1612 and 1620, at the private expense ofCardinal Giambattista Leni.[4] The travertine façade was designed byGiovanni Battista Soria and construction occurred in 1635–38. The dome is one of the largest in the city.[3]
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The interior has yellowscagliola pilasters. The pendentives of the cupola are frescoed with theCardinal Virtues (1627–30) byDomenichino who designed the stucco decoration in the dome and probably the other main vaults.[5]Giovanni Giacomo Semenza had originally been given the commission and threatened to sue. Shortly after finishing the work, Domenichino left for Naples.[6]
The pavement is of inlaid marble.[4] In the choir is the fresco ofS. Carlo Borromeo in Glory; executed in 1646–1647, this is the last painting byGiovanni Lanfranco. Directly behind the high altar is the oil painting ofS. Carlo carrying the Holy Nail in Procession during the Plague byPietro da Cortona. The high altar itself was designed byMartino Longhi the Younger. On the entrance wall are frescoes by Gregorio andMattia Preti, showing episodes from theLife of Saint Charles (1642).
To the right of the High Altar is an architecturally inventive late-Baroque chapel designed byAntonio Gherardi and built 1695–1700. The view upwards is through an oculus surrounded by angels in the centre of a dark shallow dome, to a rectangular light-filled room above illuminated by windows which are not visible from below. In addition, he painted the altarpiece ofS. Cecilia in the chapel. Gherardi also designed the equally inventive Avila Chapel inSanta Maria in Trastevere.
The first chapel on the right has anAnnunciation (1624) by Lanfranco; in the second chapel, there is aMartyrdom of San Biagio byGiacinto Brandi. The second chapel on the left has an altarpiece depicting theDeath of Saint Anne byAndrea Sacchi. Adjoining this chapel, on the southwest pier is a monument ofCardinal Gerdil, a Barnabite theologian buried in the church.[4]
The third chapel was designed by Paolo Maruscelli with frescoes of thePersian Martyrdoms (1641) byGiovan Francesco Romanelli and lunettes byGiacinto Gimignani.
The passage behind the High Altar has canvases depictingSt. Charles in Prayer (1620) byGuido Reni andSt. Charles byAndrea Commodi, as well as aMiracle of St. Blaise (1669) byCerrini. The bronze crucifix in thesacristy is attributed toAlessandro Algardi andChrist Derided (1598) byCavalier D'Arpino.
The church contains some notablerelics, including the skull of St.Febronia of Nisibis,moved here from the old church of St. Paul after the latter was demolished for the construction ofPalazzo Chigi. This relic, kept together with two other skulls of saints, is visible in the fenestella confessionis altar.
Between 1616, and 1627, San Carlo ai Catinari was atitular church. The following cardinals held the title:
Pope John XXIII established the titular deaconry on 2 December 1959. The following cardinals have held this title:
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Media related toSan Carlo ai Catinari at Wikimedia Commons
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