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Samuel D. Ingham
1893 posthumous portrait of Ingham
9thUnited States Secretary of the Treasury
In office March 6, 1829 – June 20, 1831
President	Andrew Jackson
Preceded by	Richard Rush
Succeeded by	Louis McLane
Member of theU.S. House of Representatives fromPennsylvania's8th district
In office March 4, 1823 – March 4, 1829 Seat B
Preceded by	Seat established
Succeeded by	Peter Ihrie Jr.
Member of theU.S. House of Representatives fromPennsylvania's6th district
In office March 4, 1813 – July 6, 1818 Seat A
Preceded by	William Crawford
Succeeded by	Samuel Moore
In office October 7, 1822 – March 3, 1823 Seat A
Preceded by	Samuel Moore
Succeeded by	Robert Harris
Personal details
Born	(1779-09-16)September 16, 1779 New Hope, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Died	June 5, 1860(1860-06-05) (aged 80) Trenton, New Jersey, U.S.
Political party	Democratic-Republican(Before 1825) Democratic(1825–1860)
Spouse(s)	Rebecca Dodd Deborah Hall

Samuel Delucenna Ingham (September 16, 1779 – June 5, 1860) was an American politician who served as aU.S. Representative and theU.S. Treasury Secretary underPresidentAndrew Jackson.

Ingham was born inNew Hope, Pennsylvania, on September 16, 1779. His parents were Dr. Jonathan Ingham, "a famous physician from Philadelphia",^[1] and his wife, the former Ann Welding.

After a pursuit of classical studies, he was an apprentice to a paper maker along Pennypack Creek, not far from Philadelphia.^[2]

After completing his apprenticeship, Ingham became the manager of a paper mill atBloomfield, New Jersey. It was while here he met Rebecca Dodd, whom he married in 1800. They had five children.^[3]

Also in 1800, Ingham returned to Pennsylvania and established a paper mill on his mother's farm (his father having died in 1793) that would be his main source of employment in the coming years.^{[citation needed]}

He was a member of thePennsylvania House of Representatives from 1806 to 1808. Then, Ingham was appointed Justice of the Peace by the Governor of Pennsylvania.

He was a member of theUnited States House of Representatives from 1813 to July 6, 1818. He easily trounced his Federalist opponents in the first two elections and had no opposition at all in 1816. He resigned from Congress in 1818 because of his wife's ill health. He was appointed theProthonotary (Chief Clerk, Notary and Registrar of the Court) of the Court of Common Pleas ofBucks County, Pennsylvania, after leaving Congress.^[4] In 1819 Rebecca Dodd Ingham died.

Ingham served asSecretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania from 1819 to 1820.

In 1822, Ingham married Deborah Hall ofSalem, New Jersey. They would become the parents of three children.^[5]

Also in 1822, Ingham was elected to Congress where he would serve until 1829.

During the13th Congress he was chair of the United States House Committee on Pensions and Revolutionary War Claims. During the14th,15th,19th and20th Congresses, he was chair of theHouse Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, and he was chair of theHouse Committee on Expenditures in the Post Office Department during the 15th Congress.

Ingham served as the ninth Secretary of the US Treasury from March 6, 1829, to June 21, 1831.

TheSecond Bank of the United States, viewed by Jackson and much of the nation as an unconstitutional and dangerousmonopoly, was Ingham's primary concern as Secretary of the Treasury. Jackson mistrusted the Second Bank of the United States and all other banks.^[6]

Jackson thought that there should be nopaper currency in circulation but only coins and that theUS Constitution was designed to expel paper currency from themonetary system. Ingham believed in the Second Bank and attempted to resolve conflicts between Jackson, who wanted it destroyed, and the Bank's president,Nicholas Biddle.^[6]

Despite being unable to reach any resolution between Jackson and Biddle, Ingham left office over an unrelated incident, which stemmed from his involvement in the social ostracism ofPeggy Eaton, the wife ofSecretary of WarJohn H. Eaton, by a group of Cabinet members and their wives. It was led byFloride Calhoun, the wife of Vice PresidentJohn C. Calhoun and became known as thePetticoat affair. Eaton challenged Ingham to a duel, which Ingham did not accept. On June 20, 1831, Eaton recruited a posse to search for Ingham, and Ingham responded by arming himself and requesting Jackson's help. With no help forthcoming from the president, Ingham fled to Baltimore the following morning and then to Bucks County, thus likely saving his life.^[7]

During the 1820s, Ingham was a member of the prestigiousColumbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences, which counted among its members two eventual presidents,Andrew Jackson andJohn Quincy Adams, and many other prominent men of the day, including well-known representatives of the military, government service, medical, and other professions.^[8] In 1840, Ingham was elected as a member to theAmerican Philosophical Society.^[9]

After resigning as Secretary of the Treasury, Ingham resumed the manufacture of paper, and engaged in the development ofanthracite coal fields. He was involved with the organization of theBeaver Meadow Railroad Company^[a] (e. 1830^[11]), of which he was then made president for a time.^[12] He was connected with the organization of theHazleton Coal Company. He worked to promote canals such at theLehigh Navigation and theDelaware Canal. He moved toTrenton, New Jersey, in 1849, where he worked with that city's Mechanics Bank.^[13]

Ingham died on June 5, 1860, inTrenton, New Jersey, at the age of 80, and is interred in the Solebury Presbyterian Churchyard,Solebury, Pennsylvania.Ingham County, Michigan, one of severalCabinet counties named for members of Jackson's administration, is named in Ingham's honor; the city ofLansing, mostly situated in Ingham County, would later become Michigan's capital and center of its third-largest metropolitan area. Ingham Avenue in Trenton, NJ is also named in his honor.^[14]

• United States Congress."Samuel D. Ingham (id: I000022)".Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.

• Remini, Robert V. (1967).Andrew Jackson and the Bank War. New York:W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 52–59.ISBN 978-0393097573.
• Remini, Robert V. (1991).Henry Clay: Statesman for the Union. New York:W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 267–340.ISBN 978-0393030044.
• Kahan, Paul (2016).The Bank War: Andrew Jackson, Nicholas Biddle, and the Fight for American Finance.Yardley, PA: Westholme Publishing. pp. 63–84.ISBN 978-1594162343.

Wikimedia Commons has media related toSamuel D. Ingham.

• Finding aid to theSamuel D. Ingham correspondence at theUniversity of Pennsylvania Libraries

• 1779 births
• 1860 deaths
• United States secretaries of the treasury
• Democratic Party members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
• Papermakers
• Politicians from Bucks County, Pennsylvania
• Politicians from Trenton, New Jersey
• Secretaries of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
• Jackson administration cabinet members
• Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania
• 19th-century members of the United States House of Representatives
• Members of the American Philosophical Society

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