| Salmo carpio | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Salmoniformes |
| Family: | Salmonidae |
| Genus: | Salmo |
| Species: | S. carpio |
| Binomial name | |
| Salmo carpio | |
Salmo carpio, also known as thecarpione (carpione del Garda[1][2] orLake Garda carpione[3]), is asalmonid fishendemic toLake Garda inItaly. It has been introduced to a number of other lakes in Italy and elsewhere but unsuccessfully in all cases.[2] The population in Lake Garda has been strongly declining, and is consideredendangered.[1][3]The main threats are due tooverfishing, pollution and possibly competition fromintroduced species such asCoregonus and otherSalmonidae.
Adult lake trout outside the mating season are silvery with very few black spots on the body and almost none on the head. During the mating season some males develop a dark mottled body coloration. Garda lake trout reach a length of up to 69 centimetres (27 in).[4] They live primarily in depths of 100 to 200 m (328 to 656 ft). They feed onzooplankton and bottom-dwellingcrustaceans in summer. Males and females reach sexual maturity at two or three years. The mating takes place every one to two years. The spawning takes place either winter or summer at a depth of 50 to 300 metres (160 to 980 ft) in the vicinity of underwater springs. The maximum age for this fish is five years.[2]
The numbers of this fish in Lake Garda seem to be dwindling rapidly and had reduced by 80% in the ten years up to 2006. It is suspected that this may be because of pollution of the lake, over fishing and degradation of the lake habitat, and also the fish may face competition from introduced fish species such asCoregonus spp.. TheIUCN has assessed this fish as being an "Endangered species".[1] A captive breeding project has been inaugurated and initial results show good production of eggs, fry and juveniles and low mortality rates. It is hoped to retain broodstock and later reintroduce fish into the lake.[5]
Media related toSalmo carpio at Wikimedia CommonsTrout and char of the world | ||
|---|---|---|
| Trout of Europe andAtlantic basin Salmo |   .png) | |
| Trout of thePacific basin Oncorhynchus | ||
| True char Salvelinus | ||
| Media related toTrout at Wikimedia Commons | ||
