Rocket engine developed by Iran
Salman upper-stage Manufacturer IRGCASF Country of origin Iran Used on Qased Qaem-100 General characteristics Diameter 1 m (3 ft 3 in) Gross mass 1,900 kg (4,200 lb) Associated stages Comparable Star 48 ,Castor 30 Launch history Status Active Total launches 5 Successes 5 Failed 0 First flight 22 April 2020 Salman upper-stage Burn time 60 seconds Propellant Solid
TheSalman (Persian :سلمان ) is asolid-propellant rocket motor designed and built by theIslamic Revolutionary Guard Corps .[ 1] [ 2] Qased andQaem-100 satellitelaunch vehicles .[ 1] [ 3] [ 4] Iran 's first military satellite, namedNoor , into orbit.[ 1] [ 5]
Salman weighs 1,900 kilograms, has a diameter of 1 meter, and fires for 60 seconds. In contrast to previous Iranian commercial and military rocket designs, Salman has a woundcarbon-fiber composite casing rather than the traditional steel motor casings typical of other Iranian designs, this drastically reduces weight and improves performance, allowing for more payload capacity.
Another break with past Iranian designs is the first ever use of gimballedthrust vector control (TVC) for steering as opposed toaerodynamic control surfaces ,jet vanes , orvernier thrusters previously used.[ 5] [ 6] [ 7] nozzle provides several advantages to Salman as opposed to other methods that result in its superior performance and efficiency; as opposed tojet vanes , no thrust is lost in a gimballed system when steering; control surfaces only work in endo-atmospheric flight and cannot be used for injecting satellites oratmospheric re-entry ;vernier thrusters and their associated piping,turbopumps and tanks are heavy and their omission could make way for a larger payload.[ 8]
^a b c Sheldon, John (12 May 2020)."#SpaceWatchGL Perspectives On Iran's Satellite Launch: Fabian Hinz On The Qased Satellite Launch Vehicle" .SpaceWatch.Global .Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved2 July 2021 . ^ "رفع گلوگاه پرتاب ماهواره با موتورهای فضایی سوخت جامد" [Elimination of Satellite Launch Bottlenecks with Solid-Fuel Space Engines].ایرنا (in Persian).Islamic Republic News Agency . 15 May 2022.Archived from the original on 20 June 2022. Retrieved18 November 2022 .^ "سردار جعفرآبادی در گفتگو با العالم: قائم 100، ماهواره با وزن 80 کیلو را قادر است در مدار قرار دهد/ تداوم توسعه ماهوارهبر قائم تا قرارگیری ماهواره با وزن 500 کیلو در مدار/ قادریم ماهوارههای بزرگتری به مدارهای بالاتر حمل کنیم" [Sardar Jafarabadi in an interview with Al-Alam: Qaem 100 satellite, weighing 80 kilograms, is capable of being placed in orbit / Continuation of the development of the Qaem satellite launcher until a 500-kilogram satellite is placed in orbit / We are capable of transporting larger satellites to higher orbits.].fa.alalam.ir (in Persian). 5 November 2022.Archived from the original on 23 May 2023. Retrieved18 November 2022 .^ "Iran unveils ballistic missile, 'new generation' engines" .The Times of Israel Archived from the original on 10 July 2021. Retrieved2 July 2021 – viaAgence France-Presse .^a b Brügge, Norbert (25 August 2020)."What are the dimensions of the new Iranian Salman TVC solid-fuel rocket motor" .b14643.eu .Archived from the original on 4 December 2022. Retrieved2 July 2021 . ^ Hinz, Fabian (14 February 2020)."Iran's solid-propellant SLV program is alive and kicking" .armscontrolwonk.com .Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved2 July 2021 . ^ Elleman, Michael; Rouhi, Mahsa (1 May 2020)."The IRGC gets into the space-launch business" .International Institute for Strategic Studies .Archived from the original on 2 June 2023. Retrieved2 July 2021 . ^ "گزارش تسنیم از موتور فضایی "سلمان"|درگیری با اهداف مهاجم خارج از جو زمین/ گام مهم سپاه برای ساخت سلاح ضدماهواره جاسوسی- اخبار نظامی | دف - اخبار سیاسی تسنیم | Tasnim" [Tasnim Report on the "Salman" Space Engine | Engagement with Invading Targets Outside Earth's Atmosphere / Important Step by the Revolutionary Guard in Building Anti-Spy Satellite Weapons].خبرگزاری تسنیم | Tasnim (in Persian). 19 February 2020.Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved2 July 2021 .^ "Iran launches its first military satellite" .Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 25 May 2023. Retrieved2 July 2021 .^ "Iran test launches new satellite-carrying rocket" .Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 26 May 2023. Retrieved15 September 2023 .^ Krzyzaniak, John [@john_krzyzaniak] (12 July 2023)."Here is the letter from Israel's representative to the UN, referenced above. On March 4, the IRGC launched a Ghaem-100 from Shahrud carrying the Nahid satellite" (Tweet ).Archived from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved15 September 2023 – viaTwitter . ^ "Iran says it launched Noor 3 satellite into orbit" .Reuters . 2023-09-27. Retrieved2023-09-27 .
Iranian space program
Organizations Space centres Satellites
Reconnaissance/Spy Remote sensing Communication
Launch vehicles Spacecraft and capsules Astronomical observatories Primary spaceports People
Liquid
Cryogenic
HydroloxLH2 /LOX ) China Europe India Japan Russia United States MethaloxCH4 /LOX ) China United States Russia Europe
Semi-
KeroloxRP-1 /LOX ) China India RussiaNK-15 NK-33, 44 RD-58 RD-0105, 0109 RD-0107, 0108, 0110 RD-0110R RD-0124 RD-107, 108, 117, 118 RD-120 RD-170, 171 RD-180 RD-191, 151, 181 RD-193 S1.5400 Spain Ukraine United States
Storable
Hypergolic (Aerozine ,UH 25 ,MMH , orUDMH N2 O4 ,MON , orHNO3 )China Europe India Israel North Korea Russia17D61 RD-0202 to 0206, 0208 to 0213 RD-0207, 0214 RD-0216, 0217, 0235 RD-0233, 0234 RD-0236 RD-0237 RD-0243 to 0245 RD-0255 to 0257 RD-215 to 219 RD-250 to 252, 261, 262 RD-253, 275 RD-263, 268, 273 RD-270 S5.92 S5.98M Ukraine United States
Other
Solid China Europe India Iran Israel Japan United States * Different versions of the engine use different propellant combinations Engines initalics are/were under development
Iran