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 Location of Salm Island and its neighboring islands in the Franz Josef Archipelago | |
  Salm Island остров Сальм | |
| Geography | |
|---|---|
| Location | Arctic Ocean |
| Coordinates | 80°04′N59°16′E / 80.067°N 59.267°E /80.067; 59.267 |
| Archipelago | Franz Josef Land |
| Length | 20 km (12 mi) |
| Highest elevation | 343 m (1125 ft) |
| Highest point | Chernyshev Ice Cap |
| Administration | |
Russia | |
Salm Island (Russian:остров Сальм;Ostrov Sal'm) is a roughly round-shaped island inFranz Josef Land,Arkhangelsk Oblast,Russia.[1]
Salm Island was named by theAustro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition after theSalm-Hoogstraten aristocratic dynasty to which CountKarl Alexander,[2] one of the expedition's main sponsors, belonged.[citation needed]
Salm Island is almost completelyglacierized except for two headlands in its western and its southern shore. The Chernyshev Ice Cap(Lednik Chernysheva) covers most of the island.[3] Salm Island's maximum length is 17 km (11 mi) and its area is 344 km2 (133 sq mi). The highest point of the island is 343 m high summit of the Chernyshev Ice Cap.
Salm Island is surrounded by smaller islands.Ostrova Bisernyye are two small islets located right off Salm Island's southern shore.[4]
Southwest of Salm Island lies 10 km (6 mi) longWilczek Island (остров Вильчека) —which should not be confused withWilczek Land in the same archipelago. It is separated from Salm Island by a 3 km (2 mi) wide sound. This island is named after Austro-Hungarian noblemanJohann Nepomuk Graf Wilczek.
4 km (2 mi) southeast of Salm Island lies small and roundLütke Island (остров Литке). Its area is 14 km2 (5 sq mi) and it was named after Russian CountFyodor Petrovich Litke.
A few miles to the northeast lie theHochstetter Islands (острова Гохштеттера or острова Хохштеттера), made up of a 6.5 km (4 mi) long by 4 km (2 mi) wide island,Hochstetter Island (also known asGogstettera Yuzhnyy), and two smaller isletsGogstettera Sredniy andostrov Al'batros. The Hochstetter Islands are named after the GermanHochstetter princely dynasty of theAustro Hungarian Empire.
Roughly north lies 3.7 km (2 mi) longKoldewey Island (остров Kольдевея), named after CaptainCarl Koldewey leader of theSecond German Expedition to the Arctic in 1869–70.[5] Highest point 66 m.
Off Koldewey Island's northern point lies the smallerSchoenau Island (остров Шёнау). This island was named after Teplitz-Schönau (nowTeplice,Czech Republic), the birthplace of Austro-Hungarian arctic explorerJulius Payer, who made the discovery ofFranz Josef Land, when he led, as Commander at Shore, theAustro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition together with Commander at SeaKarl Weyprecht.[6]
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