Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche | |
|---|---|
 Town hall | |
.svg) Coat of arms | |
 Location of Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche | |
  Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche  Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche | |
| Coordinates:48°51′38″N2°01′20″E / 48.8606°N 2.0222°E /48.8606; 2.0222 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Île-de-France |
| Department | Yvelines |
| Arrondissement | Saint-Germain-en-Laye |
| Canton | Verneuil-sur-Seine |
| Intercommunality | CC Gally Mauldre |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2020–2026) | Gilles Studnia[1] |
Area 1 | 48.27 km2 (18.64 sq mi) |
| Population (2022)[2] | 4,877 |
| • Density | 101.0/km2 (261.7/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Nonnais-Bretêchois |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 78571 /78860 |
| Elevation | 112.8–187.5 m (370–615 ft) (avg. 144.5 m or 474 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche (French pronunciation:[sɛ̃nɔ̃labʁətɛʃ]ⓘ) is acommune in theYvelinesdepartment in theÎle-de-France region in north-centralFrance.
Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche was built around 4 corehamlets near theForest of Marly. The village takes its name from a 9th-century co-bishop, saint Nonne, who re-evangelized the country after the Norman invasions, and from La Bretesche, a wooden stronghold (frombreit eiche: big oak tree) consisting of a hamlet at the edge of the forest of Cruye, now the forest of Marly.
The hamlet was originally called "Saint-Nonne au Val de Galie", the name of the parish, then "Saint-Nom près de la Bretesche" and since theRevolution, "Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche".
During theFrench Revolution the district was called "La Montagne Fromentale" and then "l'Union la Bretesche".
The hamlets of Avinières, Val-Martin, La Tuilerie-Bignon were the responsibility of numerous lords, as well as of theDames de Poissy and theVaux-de-Cernay Abbey.
The north of the village, La Bretèche, was part of Marly Park, while the south, Saint-Nom, was part ofVersailles Park [fr], making it difficult for the village as a whole to acquire an identity well into the 20th century.
Steady demographic growth, which accelerated significantly after 1982, eventually unified the two villages and allowed the building of a "Centre Village" and a Library by 2000.
Some historic structures in the village suffered irreparable damage from a freak storm with tornado strength winds that struck France in December 1999. The storm, which also damaged nearbyVersailles, uprooted centuries-old trees and part of the wall of theChâteau de la Bretèche along theRoute de Sainte Gemme.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 1,087 | — |
| 1975 | 2,997 | +15.59% |
| 1982 | 3,567 | +2.52% |
| 1990 | 5,071 | +4.50% |
| 1999 | 4,966 | −0.23% |
| 2007 | 4,949 | −0.04% |
| 2012 | 5,101 | +0.61% |
| 2017 | 4,911 | −0.76% |
| Source: INSEE[3] | ||
TheSaint-Nom-la-Bretèche–Forêt de Marly station is served byTransilien commuter trains andÎle-de-France tramway Line 13 Express.
Saint Nom is known internationally for itsgolf course in the Tuilerie area.
In 1954, Mr. Ortet, owner of the "Ferme de le Tuilerie", asked a real estate agent, Daniel Feau, to find a potential buyer for his property. Feau wanted to build a largegolf course in theParis area.
On May 2, 1957, Mr. Entem, mayor of the village, officially revealed the project of a golf course to the town council.
1959 saw the opening of a 36-hole golf course.
Saint-Nom residentGaëtan Mourgue D'Algue wanted to popularize the then little-known sport ofGolf in France. WithDominique Motte, he suggested the creation of a new "champion-trophy" toPierre Menet, the chairman of theLancôme Company, whose goal would be to bring together eight of the best players in the world.
TheCanada Cup, took place in Saint-Nom-La-Bretèche in 1963, which enhanced the village's international reputation.
The first 54-hole competition took place in 1970 and was won byTony Jacklin.
Renamed "Trophée Lancôme" it was played byArnold Palmer,Gary Player andSeve Ballesteros.
TheFerme de Saint-Nom, given by a lord ofPoissy to theVaux de Cernay monastery in 1228, and profited from numerous donations. By incrementally and regularly gaining plots of land, thecistercian monks turned the agricultural estate into what was then considered to be a model farm, setting well distributed buildings around a farmyard. Sold as public property during theFrench Revolution, the farm was greatly modified during the 17th and 18th centuries. In the 20th century, lodgings were established on the property; the only remaining memento of the original farm was the inscription of its name, written over the porchway.
Now private property, formerly fief of thePomereu family for over two centuries. It was sold to KingLouis XIV in 1700 for theComte de Toulouse (legitimatized son of the King andMadame de Montespan) who housed his hunting equipment on the premises. The castle was subsequently purchased by numerous lords, one of whom wasJean-Pierre Richard, father of the famous painter and engraverJean-Claude Richard, the "Abbé de Saint-Nom".
TheFerme de Valmartin belonged to aseigniory until 1600, when it was sold to the nuns of the Royal convent of theDames de Poissy. It was transformed into a farm by the end of the 18th century, where it was used to breedmerino sheep. The farm was sold as public property during theFrench Revolution.
Formerly part of Versailles Park, this land was later turned into Saint-Nom's prestigious golf course.
The church was originally a tithe barn belonging to the Ferme de St-Nom. A watchtower was erected to protect the church in the 12th century. The church has been expanded, partially destroyed and remodeled between the 12th and 20th centuries. It was restored in the late 20th century.
TheForêt de Marly is an ancient oak forest formerly called the Forêt de Cruye. It covers one third of Saint-Nom.
The coat of arms of Saint-Nom shows in its center the "fasce bretessée" which evokes the etymology of Bretèche (from the Latinbretachiae): a fortification built at the entrance of a forest.
The three five-petalled leaves of thePotentilla reptans (quintefeuilles [fr]) symbolize the Forest ofMarly-le-Roi, a large part of which belongs to Saint-Nom.
The fork-tailed lion comes from the seal ofAmaury de Montfort, shown on historical charts dating back to 1226 and leased to the Monks of Saint-Nom.
The crown of the crest shows a three-towered wall, which was the symbol worn by Greek goddesses, guardians of the cities.
Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche is twinned withValley Village,California.
Along withChavenay,Crespières andFeucherolles, Saint-Nom is also twinned withRösrath,Germany.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
| Other | |
