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Sahrawis have been present inSpain since theSpanish colonisation ofWestern Sahara. The specific number of Spaniards of Sahrawi origin is unknown due to the fact that the Spanish government does not collect data on ethnicity or racial self-identification, together with Spain not recognisingSahrawi nationality documents from the largely unrecognisedSahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.
The overwhelming majority of applicants for status ofstatelessness in Spain are Sahrawis.[3]
According to a 2010Supreme Court ruling, the Sahrawis born in the back then Spanish territory of theSpanish Sahara who did not opt forSpanish nationality in accordance with Royal Decree 2258/1976 of 10 August 1976 on the option of Spanish nationality by natives of the Sahara,[4] have lost the right to Spanish nationality. Due to theSahrawi Republic not being recognised by Spain, most Sahrawis ended up being recognised asstateless.[5] Sahrawis living under Moroccan occupation got Moroccan citizenship.
In February 2023 theCongress of Deputies approved with the abstention ofVOX and the rejection ofPSOE the consideration of a bill proposed byUnidas Podemos to grant Spanish citizenship by naturalisation to the born in the territory of Western Sahara under the sovereignty of Spain before 1976, even if they do not have legal residence.[6]
