| Apostate War | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
 Omar Ali Saifuddien I #Muhammad Tajuddin Awang Aliwaddin Pengiran Temenggong Ampa Embo Ali Raja Tua of Mengkabong[b] |  Ferdinand I #[c] Muhammad Israil  Azim ud-Din II Datu Teting   Charles III # José Antonio Raón y Gutiérrez | ||||||
| Units involved | |||||||
 Bruneian ArmyBruneian Navy |
| ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
|   estimated 8,000 estimated 4,000 men | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| estimated 4,000 |  estimated 6,000+ | ||||||
| Battles of Manila |
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| See also |
|
| Around Manila |
|
TheApostate War (Tausug; Parrang Murtad,Malay:ڤراڠ مرتد,romanized: Perang Murtad) also called theBruneian-Sulu War was a conflict between theSulu Sultanate and theBruneian Empire. Brunei also foughtSpain briefly as well.
This war was also the first timeBrunei ever usedflintlockmuskets, as they began acquiring them in thelate 17th century andearly 18th century[3][4]
The Sultan of Sulu was instated by the British tocontrol Manila in 1763.[5] Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin who learned about the situation inManila, he was displeased as Azim ud-Din I was aapostate.[6][citation needed] As a result, he commanded an attack on the Sulu Sultanate in Manila with his forces under the command of Pehin Orang Kaya Di-Gadong Seri Lela Awang Aliwaddin.[7]
| This article is part of a series on the |
| History of Brunei |
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See also |
The mission did not arrive in Manila until 1769 because the expedition's preparations took so long. Sultan Azim ud-Din I (Alimuddin) had already departed Manila for Sulu in 1764 after theTreaty of Paris, therefore Manila was underSpanish rule when the siege began.[8] The siege was successful besieged for Brunei, capturing it in the process.[9]
The Sulu Sultanate then despatched a force under the command of Datu Teting to attackBalambangan in 1775, the leaders of Balambangan sought safety inLabuan after the British quickly established a presence in Brunei.[10] When the two forces clashed, Datu Teting surrendered and his troops fled back to Sulu after learning that the warriors of Brunei, led by Pengiran Temenggong Ampa, were far too strong for them to defeat.[11][2]
In 1788, A Sulu army attacked many coastal villages around Sabah as an attempt to invade Brunei,[12] lead by Datu Teting who previously burned Balambangan before retreating, arriving to Kampung Sembulan in said year. In Kinarut they were defeated by Illanun warriors fromMarudu, Mengkabong,Tempasuk and Abai[13] who likely defected to Brunei and were commanded by Malay chiefs from said places. They later advanced toSembulan expecting to meet the Sulu again at said place.[14][15]
They were later defeated by again Pengiran Temenggong Ampa, Sharif Amir and Raja Tua ofMengkabong (in today'sTuaran District,Sabah,Malaysia).[2] The Bruneians numbered more than 5,000 soldiers, 2,000 were Sama-Bajau, Johor seafarers and Illanun warriors who previously fought in the Battle of Kinarut and defeated the "Mundu army" who were made up of Banguingui warriors.[15][16][17][14]
After defeating the Sulu, aHulubalang who fought in the battle, Embo Ali alternatively known as Embo Amirullah became the official "caretaker" of Kampung Sembulan and stayed connected with Brunei until 1790.[18][19] Embo Ali's family was also the participants in theMarudu expedition against James Brooke in support Pengiran Yusof andSyarif Osman during theAnglo-Bruneian War,Gaya andPandasan War.[19][18] Moro pirates continued to occasionally raid Brunei until 1830 when European pressure against the pirates forced them to stop raiding.
