| History | |
|---|---|
 Netherlands | |
| Name | Anna Paulowna |
| Owner | Koninklijke Nederlandse Stoomboot-Maatschappij (KNSM) |
| Builder | William Denny and Brothers,Dumbarton |
| Cost | 12,294GBP |
| Yard number | 65 |
| Launched | 7 April 1857 |
| Completed | 1857 |
 United Kingdom | |
| Acquired | 1861 |
| Renamed | Enterprise |
| Netherlands | |
| Owner | Koninklijke Nederlandse Stoomboot-Maatschappij (KNSM) |
| Acquired | 18 November 1861 |
| Out of service | 1 December 1876 |
| Renamed | Anna Paulowna |
| Fate | wrecked atTerschelling, the Netherland on 1 December 1876 |
| General characteristics | |
| Tonnage | 518.05 GRT,[1] 473BRT[2] |
| Length | 194.6 Feet |
| Beam | 25.2 Feet |
| Depth | 13.8 Feet |
| Installed power | 60 n.h.p.[1] / 300 IHP[3] |
| Sail plan | three masts |
| Speed | 8 knots |
| Capacity | One 2-cylinder compound steam engine, single shaft, 1 screw, 3 masts |
SSAnna Paulowna was a 1857 built 63 metres long Dutch steamship. It was owned byKoninklijke Nederlandse Stoomboot-Maatschappij (KNSM) and had hometownAmsterdam.
On 1 December 1876 the ship was driven ashore and wrecked onTerschelling, the Netherlands. The crew members were rescued.[2][1][3]
The ship had an iron hull, and was 60 metres long and measured 63m x 8m. She weighed 518.05 GRT and 473BRT. The ship had one 2-cylinder compound steam engine a single shaft, one screw and three masts.[1][2]
When the ship sank in 1876, she had a tandem compound engine. It is not known whether this was the original machine, "compounded" or a completely new machine. It's also not known when a change of machine took place.[1]
The ship was built byWilliam Denny and Brothers and costed 12,294 GBP. She was launched on 7 April 1857.[3] In November 1859 she was on voyage fromBaltiysk, Russia toAmsterdam. InGdańsk, Poland the ship was checked and on 24 November 1859 it was found that the shaft and cylinder were broken. The repair would take up to four weeks.[3]
In January 1861 the ship with captain P.D.H.D. de Haan was on a voyage fromAmsterdam,North Holland toMarseille,Bouches-du-Rhône, France,[4] andGenoa,Kingdom of Sardinia. During the night of 15 January 1861 the ship was driven ashore and wrecked atCape Spartel, Morocco with the loss of six of her 22 crew. Cargo of the ship was unloaded.[5][6][3]
British salvagers managed to refloat the ship and the ship was sold to England where it entered service under the nameEnterprise. In November 1861 the KNSM bought the ship back and came back into service asAnna Paulowna.[2][3]
On 29 April 1864 after departing on a voyage fromAmsterdam, the Netherlands toLiverpool, United Kingdom, returned toOosterdok, Amsterdam with propeller damage. On 25 September 1867 the ship arrived from Amsterdam at the harbor ofFrederikshavn, Denmark with a broken spindle and cylinder. On 22 September 1875 while on voyage fromSaint Petersburg, Russia to the Netherlands it broke the machine at Hveen and brought in by a tugboat atCopenhagen where it was repaired.[3]
On 1 December 1876, while en route fromPernau toSchiedam, the Netherlands, the ship with a cargo of barley stranded nearTerschelling partly due to fog. The ship also had the rescued crew of the BelgianSS Deloye Matthieu on board. Part of the cargo was thrown overboard in an attempt to refloat the ship, but this didn't work out. Thirteen crew members and passengers were brought ashore on Terschelling by afishing vessel. The captain and mates followed later with apilot boat.[2][7][8]
The next year, on 20 August 1877 a public sale took place at Terschelling of the wreck and its cargo.[9]
In the early 1980s the wreck was re-discovered by divers from Terschelling. There was little left of the hole. In the middle was a small steam boiler with the 2-cylinder compound steam engine. At the rear was the 20 meter long propeller shaft running through the sand that ended at a small iron propeller.[2] In 2014 it was discovered that the ship had a tandem compound engine; so another engine as the original installed in 1857.[1]
