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São Vicente | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of São Vicente | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Nicknames: Brazil's first village Cellula-Mater of Nationality Birthplace ofDemocracy in the Americas | |
| Motto: Cellula Mater | |
 Location in São Paulo | |
| Coordinates:23°57′48″S46°23′32″W / 23.96333°S 46.39222°W /-23.96333; -46.39222 | |
| Country |  Brazil |
| State |  São Paulo |
| Region | Southeast |
| Founded | January 22, 1532; 494 years ago (1532-01-22) |
| Named after | Saint Vincent of Saragossa |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Kayo Felype Nachtajler Amado (PODE) |
| Area | |
• Total | 147.89 km2 (57.10 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 6 m (20 ft) |
| Population (2022)[1] | |
• Total | 329,911 |
| • Density | 2,230.8/km2 (5,777.7/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |
| HDI (2010) | 0,768 –high[2] |
| Website | www |
São Vicente (afterSaint Vincent of Saragossa, the patron Saint ofLisbon, Portugal) is a coastalmunicipality in southernSão Paulo and the first city ofBrazil.[3] It is part of the Metropolitan Region of theBaixada Santista.[4] The population is 329,911 (2022 est.) in an area of 148.151 square kilometres (57.20 square miles).[1]
Founded in 1532, by the Portugueseexplorer and colonial administratorMartim Afonso de Sousa, it is the first permanent colonial settlement established in Brazil, and the first election on the American continent also took place there. Because of this, it is considered the "cradle of American democracy".[5]
São Vicente is one of the 15 municipalities in São Paulo consideredseaside resorts by the state of São Paulo, as they meet certain prerequisites defined by State Law. This status guaranteed the municipality a larger budget from the State to promote regional tourism. Furthermore, the municipality acquires the right to add, next to its name, the title of "EstânciaBalneária" (Balneary Resort), a term by which it is designated both by official municipal records and by state references.Historical tourism andbeach tourism are among the most relevant sectors of its economy.[6]
It was the first permanentPortuguese settlement in theAmericas[7] and the first capital of theCaptaincy of São Vicente, roughly the present state of São Paulo. Established as a proper village in 1532 byMartim Afonso de Sousa on what was then the Porto dos Escravos ("Port of the Slaves"), operated by three Portuguese colonists who trafficked on slaves captured by allied tribes, São Vicente is titledCellula Mater (Mother Cell) of Brazil for being the first organized town in the country. The first City Council of all the Americas was democratically elected and established in São Vicente on August 22, 1532.[8]
Abattle took place here on 3 February 1583 when three English warships attempting to trade with the Portuguese, was set upon by three Spanish galleons. The Spanish ships were repelled and retreated leaving one galleon sunk.[9]
São Vicente is located on the western half of coastalSão Vicente Island, being mostly abedroom community for the larger and wealthier neighbouring port and commercial city ofSantos on the island's eastern half.[8] A small north–south hill range separates for the most part the two cities' urban areas, but they are contiguous in the north and on a narrow beach strip in the south. A narrow strip of land of the basin of the smallCubatão River extends west out of the central area of São Vicente, north and parallel to the municipality of Praia Grande.
São Vicente Suspension Bridge, linking the island toPraia Grande on the mainland, was constructed in 1914; a second link, the Mar Pequeno Bridge, was opened in 1981. São Vicente is linked to the capital city ofSão Paulo by theImigrantes Highway and to the southern coast by the Manuel da Nóbrega Highway. São Vicente has a small fishing industry in its portion on the mainland, where there are a few small settlements.
The Monument of 500 years of Brazil (Monumento dos 500 anos do Brasil) is a viewing platform onPorchat Island, an islet which extends from the south of São Vicente Island. The platform was designed by the architectOscar Niemeyer (1907–2012). It faces roughly north in an imaginary line to theNational Congress inBrasília, completed by Niemeyer and others in 1960.[10]The municipality contains part of the 901 hectares (2,230 acres)Xixová-Japuí State Park, created in 1993.[11]
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2003 | 314,312 |
| 2004 | 321,474 |
| 2015 | 355,542 |
| 2022 | 329,911 |
TheBaixada Santista region is connected toGreater São Paulo by highway through the Anchieta-Imigrantes System. TheImigrantes Highway reaches the municipality, crossing the urban island area and heading towards Praia Grande by crossing the Canal dos Barreiros via the Ponte do Mar Pequeno. Towards the South Coast, starting from the Imigrantes Highway, there is thePadre Manoel da Nóbrega Highway, which crosses the entire continental portion of the municipality between Serra do Mar and the Samaritá plain. The municipality is crossed from east to west on the island and on the continental part by the lines of América Latina Logística - ALL (former network of Ferrovia Paulista - FEPASA), which, heading west, connects São Vicente withPraia Grande,Mongaguá,Itanhaém andPeruíbe; heading east with Santos and heading north, it reaches the Planalto Paulistano, to the south of Greater São Paulo, inEmbu-Guaçu.
TheSuspension Bridge was built in1914 and was designed by engineerSaturnino de Brito, who at the time applied German sewage drainage technology to the Itaipu Bridge. Today, it connects the island of São Vicente to the mainland, providing access to the municipality of Praia Grande, and is also one of the city's main tourist attractions due to its beauty.[12]
In telecommunications, the city was served by theTelecomunicações de São Paulo.[13] In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted theVivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).[14]
São Vicente istwinned with:
Naha, Okinawa, Japan[15]
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Places adjacent to São Vicente, São Paulo | |
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