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IND Sixth Avenue Line

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromRutgers Street Tunnel)
New York City Subway line
This article is about the current New York City Subway line under Sixth Avenue through Midtown Manhattan. For the former elevated line through Midtown Manhattan, seeIRT Sixth Avenue Line. For the current New York City Subway line under Sixth Avenue through Lower Manhattan, seeIND Eighth Avenue Line. For the current PATH tubes under Sixth Avenue through Lower Manhattan, seeUptown Hudson Tubes.

IND Sixth Avenue Line
"B" train"D" train"F" train"F" express train"M" train
TheB,D,F,<F>, andM, which use the Sixth Avenue Line throughMidtown Manhattan, are colored orange.
Overview
OwnerCity of New York
LocaleManhattan,New York City
Termini
Stations14
Service
TypeRapid transit
SystemNew York City Subway
Operator(s)New York City Transit Authority
Daily ridership400,687[1]
History
Opened1936–1968
Technical
Number of tracks2–4
CharacterUnderground
Track gauge4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm)
Electrification600V DC using a third rail
Route map

TheIND Sixth Avenue Line is arapid transit line of theB Division of theNew York City Subway in the United States. It runs mainly underSixth Avenue inManhattan, and continues south toBrooklyn. TheB,D,F, andM trains, which use the Sixth Avenue Line throughMidtown Manhattan, are colored orange. The B and D trains use the express tracks, while the F, <F> and M trains use the local tracks.

The Sixth Avenue Line, constructed in stages during the 1930s, was the last trunk line built by theIndependent Subway System (IND) before it was incorporated into the modern-day New York City Subway. It was more difficult to build than other subway trunk lines in New York City because construction had to proceed around, over, and under existing tunnels and elevated structures. The Sixth Avenue Line replaced theInterborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT)'sSixth Avenue elevated, which closed in 1939. The first section of the line opened in 1936 fromWest Fourth Street toEast Broadway with service provided byEighth Avenue Line trains. This section was initially referred to as the Houston-Essex Street Route. The Sixth Avenue subway was completed in 1940, providing service north of West Fourth Street, connecting to theQueens Boulevard Line and the Eighth Avenue Line.

Initially, the Sixth Avenue Line carried only local service, since there were no express tracks between34th Street and West 4th Street. In 1967 and 1968, theChrystie Street Connection was completed, connecting the line with former BMT lines in Brooklyn via the Manhattan Bridge and with theBMT Jamaica Line over the Williamsburg Bridge. Two new stations at 57th Street and Grand Street, as well as a pair of express tracks between 34th and West 4th Streets, were built to provide the necessary capacity for the new service to Brooklyn.

There are branches on both ends of the line. On the south end, the express tracks used by theB and ​D trains diverge toGrand Street and theManhattan Bridge. The local tracks continue through the Rutgers Street Tunnel and toYork Street in Brooklyn (used by theF and <F>​ trains) or via the Chrystie Street Connection and the Williamsburg Bridge to the BMT Jamaica Line in Brooklyn (used by theM train). On the north end, north of47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center, the express tracks diverge toSeventh Avenue–53rd Street and the IND Eighth Avenue Line, while a spur used by theF and ​M trains continues under Sixth Avenue to57th Street and the63rd Street Lines; the local tracks, used by theF and <F> train, merge with the IND Queens Boulevard Line and continue toQueens.

Extent and service

[edit]

The following services currently use part or all of the Sixth Avenue Line,[2] whose services' bullets are colored orange:

 Time periodSection of line
Rush hoursMiddays
and
evenings
WeekendsLate nights
"B" trainexpressno servicefull line fromSeventh Avenue toGrand Street
"D" trainexpressfull line fromSeventh Avenue toGrand Street
"F" trainlocalbetween47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center andYork Street (weekdays)

full line from57th Street toYork Street (weekends and late nights)

"F" express trainlocalno servicebetween47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center andYork Street
"M" trainlocalno servicebetween57th Street andBroadway–Lafayette Street

The majority of the Sixth Avenue Line has four tracks, two local and two express. At each end, these pairs of tracks split, giving the line two north and two south ends. One of the north ends is at57th Street, where two tracks lead south underSixth Avenue from theIND 63rd Street Line (used by theF train at all times). The other is just south of59th Street–Columbus Circle, where a two-track line splits from theIND Eighth Avenue Line at aflying junction (with connections to the local and express tracks), immediately turns east under53rd Street, and crosses theIND Queens Boulevard Line, which parallels it just to the north. AtSeventh Avenue, the southbound track is above the northbound track (the same is true on the Queens Boulevard Line, though north is the opposite direction from the Sixth Avenue Line). These tracks are used by theB andD express trains.[3]

The express tracks from Columbus Circle then turn south to go under Sixth Avenue, merging with the branch from 57th Street and the local tracks' split from the IND Queens Boulevard Line (used by theM local train). The branch from 57th Street merges into both the local and express track pairs; there are no direct track connections between the local and express tracks.[3] South of this point, the Sixth Avenue Line consists of four tracks from west to east: the southbound express track, the southbound local track, the northbound express track, and the northbound local track. After passing through47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center, the two southbound tracks cross each other; the tracks from Columbus Circle become the two center express tracks, and the tracks from the Queens Boulevard Line are the two outside local tracks.[3][4]

South of42nd Street–Bryant Park is a largeinterlocking with six crossovers and switches. The original express tracks ended just to the south at34th Street–Herald Square and some services switched to the local tracks at the interlocking.[3] This was done because thePATH'sUptown Hudson Tubes already existed under Sixth Avenue south of33rd Street, and so the Sixth Avenue Line local tracks were built on each side of PATH. The section betweenWest Fourth Street–Washington Square and 34th Street–Herald Square, the only express section of this line, was originally built as a two-track subway with the provision to expand to four tracks later.[5] The express tracks were added in the 1960s in conjunction with theChrystie Street Connection project.[6] As a result, they are placed under the local tracks and PATH using the deep-bore tunneling method.[3][6] At West Fourth Street–Washington Square, the express tracks return to the same level as the local tracks, and the two pairs of tracks in each direction are connected with diamond crossovers. A flying junction just to the south connects the local tracks of the Sixth and Eighth Avenue Lines. The Sixth Avenue Line then turns east underHouston Street with an express station atBroadway–Lafayette Street.[3]

East of Broadway–Lafayette Street, the express tracks turn south and use the Chrystie Street Connection toGrand Street before crossing the north side of theManhattan Bridge into Brooklyn. The express tracks used to continue on to the express tracks atSecond Avenue before the tracks were rerouted to the Chrystie Street Connection. The local tracks split at this point. One pair continues east to Second Avenue (used by the F train) while the other pair merges with theBMT Nassau Street Line atEssex Street (used by the M train).[3] Since the IND typically installed express–local crossovers beyond the fronts of the station platforms, an anomaly in the track layout was created when the Chrystie Street Connection was built. A crossover exists west of Broadway–Lafayette Street only on the northbound side, allowing trains from the Manhattan Bridge to reach the Eighth Avenue local tracks at West Fourth Street but not vice versa.[3][7] As a result, unusual routings are required whenever a train on the Eighth Avenue Line needs to access the Manhattan Bridge.[a]

York Street ventilation tower for Rutgers Street tunnel

Just before approaching Second Avenue, the local tracks split into four tracks again. The two center tracks, which are not used in revenue service, dead-end just east of the Second Avenue station. They were built as part of theIND's proposed expansion in the 1930s, and would have merged with the never-builtIND Worth Street Line and then entered Brooklyn. The line would have run toUtica Avenue in Brooklyn if it had been completed.[8][9]: 11  Other provisions for unbuilt lines exist at the mezzanine levels of the Second Avenue andEast Broadway stations, where unfinished open spaces indicate where stations for theSecond Avenue Subway and IND Worth Street Line, respectively, would have been built.[9]: 13 [10]

The local tracks in Manhattan turn south underEssex Street and Rutgers Street before crossing under theEast River via the Rutgers Street Tunnel. The tracks then becomeIND Culver Line in Brooklyn, stopping at the outer tracks ofJay Street–MetroTech.[3]

History

[edit]

Planning

[edit]

New York City mayorJohn Francis Hylan's original plans for theIndependent Subway System (IND), proposed in 1922, included building over 100 miles (160 km) of new lines and taking over nearly 100 miles (160 km) of existing lines. The lines were designed to compete with the existing underground, surface, and elevated lines operated by theInterborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) andBrooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT).[11][12] The IND Sixth Avenue Line was designed to replace the elevatedIRT Sixth Avenue Line.[13] However, since the Sixth Avenue corridor was such an important subway link, the elevated remained open while construction on the Sixth Avenue subway proceeded.[14]

In 1924, the IND submitted its list of proposed subway routes to theNew York City Board of Transportation (NYCBOT), which approved the program. The IND's program consisted of two lines underneath Sixth Avenue in Manhattan. The first line would be a 0.74-mile-long (1.19 km) section in Lower Manhattan between Lispenard Street to the south and Eighth Street to the north, comprising part of the present-day Eighth Avenue Line. The second line would be a 2.47-mile-long (3.98 km) section running between Carmine Street to the south and 53rd Street to the north, comprising much of the present-day Sixth Avenue Line. South of Carmine Street, the Sixth Avenue Line would curve east underHouston Street, then south underEssex Street and Rutgers Street before continuing south into Brooklyn.[15]

Work on the core section of the IND Sixth Avenue Line, located between Fourth and 53rd Streets, was not to begin for several years. The section of Sixth Avenue from Ninth to 33rd Streets was already occupied by theHudson & Manhattan Railroad (H&M)'s Uptown Hudson Tubes. At first, the city intended to take over the portion of the Uptown Tubes under Sixth Avenue for IND use, then build a pair of new tubes for the H&M directly underneath it. The IND had committed to building the Sixth Avenue line, and the H&M's33rd Street terminal was located both above and below preexisting railroad tunnels, hence the IND's plan to convert part of the H&M tubes.[16] However, the H&M objected, and so negotiations between the city and IND and the H&M continued for several years.[17]

The IND and H&M finally came to an agreement in 1930. The city had decided to build the IND Sixth Avenue Line's local tracks around the pre-existing H&M tubes, and add express tracks for the IND underneath the H&M tubes at a later date.[13] However, the city still planned to eventually take over the H&M tracks, convert them to express tracks for the IND line, then build a lower level for the H&M.[18]

The IND started advertising bids for the section of the Sixth Avenue Line between 43rd and 53rd Streets in April 1931.[19] However, that May, construction was postponed because of fears that it would disrupt theCatskill Aqueduct, one of theNew York City water supply system's crucialwater mains to Brooklyn and Queens.[20] The NYCBOT wanted to start work on the section between 33rd and 39th Streets first so that the engineering issues with the H&M tubes and water main could be resolved.[21] In January 1932, the city announced an agreement with theNew York City Water Supply Board. The IND wanted to start construction on the Sixth Avenue line by June so that some of the projected train traffic on the Eighth Avenue line, which was slated to open that year, could be rerouted through Sixth Avenue instead.[22] In 1933, theNew York City Board of Estimate requested a $25.5 million federal loan for the construction of the Sixth Avenue line.[23]

Opening of southern section

[edit]

The first portion of the line to be constructed was then known as the Houston–Essex Street Line, which ran under Houston, Essex, and Rutgers Streets. The contract for the line was awarded to Corson Construction in January 1929, at which time the city began evicting 10,000 residents within the line's route.[24] Construction of this section officially started in May 1929.[25] The contract for theRutgers Street Tunnel, connecting Manhattan and Brooklyn, was awarded in May 1930.[26] In May 1933, the city started widening Essex and Rutgers Streets to accommodate the future subway line underneath.[27]

The Houston and Essex Street Line began operations at noon on January 1, 1936, with two local tracks from a junction with the Eighth Avenue Line south of West Fourth Street–Washington Square east under Houston Street and south under Essex Street to a temporary terminal atEast Broadway.E trains, which ran fromJackson Heights, Queens toHudson Terminal, were shifted to the new line to East Broadway.[28] Two express tracks were built on the portion under Houston Street until Essex Street-Avenue A; the tracks were intended to travel under the East River and connect with the never-built IND Worth Street Line in Williamsburg, Brooklyn.[10]

Just after midnight on April 9, 1936, trains began running under the East River via the Rutgers Street Tunnel, which connected the Houston-Essex Street Line with the north end of the Culver Line at a junction with the Eighth Avenue Line north ofJay Street–Borough Hall. E trains were sent through the connection toChurch Avenue. Simultaneously, theFulton Street Line was opened toRockaway Avenue and theA andC trains, which had used Smith Street, were rerouted to Fulton Street.[29][30]

Construction and opening of Midtown section

[edit]

In April 1935, engineers started planning in earnest for the Midtown section of the Sixth Avenue Line.[31] The first contract, for the section between 40th and 47th Streets, was awarded to Rosoff-Brader Construction in October 1935.[32][33] MayorFiorello H. La Guardia broke ground for the Sixth Avenue subway atBryant Park on March 23, 1936.[34][35] The Carleton Company was hired in September 1936 to construct the section from 27th to 33rd Streets,[36] and Rosoff-Brader was hired that October to build the segment from 33rd to 40th Streets.[37] The next month, the George A. Flynn Corporation received a contract for the construction of the section between 47th and 53rd Streets.[38] The Arthur A. Johnson Corp. and Necaro Co. received the contract to build the segment between 18th and 27th Streets in January 1937.[39] The final contract, between 9th and 18th Streets, was awarded to Spencer White & Prentis in June 1937.[40]

53rd Street powerhouse

The construction of the Sixth Avenue Line was very difficult because of the various utilities and tunnels above, below, and beside the line. At the time, it was considered the costliest subway line in the city.[41] The line was built as a four-track tunnel north of 33rd Street, but there were only two tracks south of that street. The work largely involvedcut-and-cover excavations, although portions of the subway had to be tunneled through solid rock.[42] Builders had to use very small charges of dynamite so that they would not disrupt the H&M tunnels alongside the route, the street and elevated line above, and the water main below.[43] The Sixth Avenue Elevated had to be underpinned during construction, adding another $4 to $5 million to construction costs. The Catskill Aqueduct was located around 200 feet (61 m) below the avenue's surface, and workers on the new subway had to be careful to not cause any cracks in the aqueduct.[5][41] As part of the construction of the IND line, the H&M's 14th Street and 23rd Street stations had to be rebuilt to provide space for the IND's 14th Street and 23rd Street stations, which would be located at a similar elevation. The 19th Street station was not affected because the IND tracks were located below the H&M tracks at that point.[5] However, the 33rd Street station had to be relocated to the south of its existing location, above the new IND line. The IND platforms were to be located at the same elevation as the present H&M station, and there was no room to build a new subway station either above or below the level of the existing H&M station.[41]

The H&M's 33rd Street terminal closed on December 26, 1937, and service on the H&M was cut back to 28th Street to allow for construction on the subway to take place.[44] The 33rd Street terminal was moved south to 32nd Street and reopened on September 24, 1939. The city had to pay $800,000 to build the new 33rd Street station and reimbursed H&M another $300,000 to the H&M for the loss of revenue.[45] The 28th Street station was closed at this time because the southern entrances to the 33rd Street terminal were located only two blocks away, rendering the 28th Street stop unnecessary. It was demolished to make room for the IND tracks below.[46] The IRT's Sixth Avenue elevated ultimately closed in December 1938, just before the Sixth Avenue subway was completed.[47]

In addition to threading around the H&M tunnel, the line had to pass over theBMT Canarsie Line along 14th Street, over the tunnels leading to Penn Station, under the four-trackBMT Broadway Line at Herald Square, over theIRT Flushing Line at 41st Street, and under the42nd Street Shuttle. Even though the line had to pass around multiple transit lines, the grades were kept to a minimum.[5] The line included four-track stations at West Fourth, 34th, 42nd, and 47th–50th Streets. There were four sets of crossovers between 34th and 42nd Streets, and the southbound express track crossed over the southbound local track at a grade-separated flyover between 42nd and 47th–50th Streets.[4] Bellmouth tunnels north of 47th–50th Streets were built to allow for a future extension under Central Park and along Morningside Avenue to 145th Street.[4][48] This extension was part of the Board of Transportation's long-range program, and was estimated to cost $34.914 million as of August 1940. Construction was expected to start some time after 1946.[48]

Sixth Avenue Subway Will Be Opened to the Public at 12:01 A.M. Sunday, December 15, 1940.
IND services immediately after the main part of the line opened

On December 15, 1940, local subway service began on Sixth Avenue from the West Fourth Street subway station to the 47th–50th Streets station with track connections to the IND 53rd Street Line. The construction of the Sixth Avenue Line cost $59.5 million.[5] The opening of the Sixth Avenue Line relieved train traffic on the Eighth Avenue Line, which was used by all services except for theG Brooklyn–Queens Crosstown service. The additional capacity allowed for the reintroduction of theAA for off-peak service between168th Street andHudson Terminal via theEighth Avenue Line, and the creation of the rush-hour BB between 168th Street and34th Street-Herald Square via Sixth Avenue. In addition, theD train, which ran betweenNorwood–205th Street and Hudson Terminal via Sixth Avenue, was introduced to provide service between Sixth Avenue and the Concourse Line. The F train, running betweenParsons Boulevard andChurch Avenue via Sixth Avenue, was created to provide express service between Sixth Avenue and Queens. Finally, the E train was cut back from Church Avenue to Broadway–Lafayette Street, running to Queens via the Eighth Avenue Line.[49][50][51]

Sixth Avenue express tracks and the Chrystie Street Connection

[edit]

On April 19, 1961, ground was broken for a $22 million project to build two express tracks between theWest Fourth Street and34th Street–Herald Square stations.[6] The express tracks were built 80 feet (24 m) beneath the surface. The construction was done in two portions. The first section was between West 9th and 19th Streets, and the second section was between West 19th and 31st Streets.[52] The express tracks were part of an $80 million subway improvement program that began with the reconstruction of theDeKalb Avenue station in Brooklyn. The second phase of construction was theChrystie Street Connection, which would connect the BMT lines coming over theManhattan Bridge and theWilliamsburg Bridge with the IND Houston Street Line.[53][54] There was also to be a new two-track spur line between West 52nd and 58th Streets with a terminal at57th Street to allow trains to short turn.[55] The two projects would allow 45 additional trains per hour, carrying a combined 90,000 passengers, to enter Manhattan during rush hours.[53][54]

However, the section between 9th and 19th Streets soon experienced various delays: although it had started in April 1961,[6] work was halted by a water main break in 1962,[56] and by July 1963, the work was only 20 percent complete.[57] Construction on the section between West 19th and 31st Streets was further along: it had started in the middle of 1961, and was 60 percent complete in July 1963.[57] The first section was 88 percent complete on June 30, 1965, and the second section was 99 percent complete on that date. Between West 55th and 58th Street, a third of the structural work was done by this date.[52] No stations were constructed along the new express tracks, but provisions were incorporated into the design of the tunnel to permit the addition of future lower level stations at 14th Street and 23rd Street without disturbances to train operation.[57]

On November 26, 1967, the first part of the Chrystie Street Connection opened and Sixth Avenue Line express tracks opened from 34th Street–Herald Square toWest Fourth Street–Washington Square. With the opening of the connection to the Manhattan Bridge, BB service was renamed B and it was extended via the new express tracks and the connection to theBMT West End Line in Brooklyn. D service was routed via the connection and onto theBMT Brighton Line instead of via the Culver Line. It only ran express during rush hours. F service was extended from Broadway–Lafayette Street during rush hours, and from 34th Street during other times to Coney Island via the Culver Line.[9]: 216–217 [58][59] On July 1, 1968, the 57th Street station and the portion of the Chrystie Street Connection connecting the line with the Williamsburg Bridge opened.[60][61] Service on the KK was inaugurated, running from 57th Street to168th Street on theBMT Jamaica Line. B service was extended during non-rush hours from West Fourth Street to 57th Street. D trains began running express via the Sixth Avenue Line at all times.[60]

Later improvements

[edit]

TheProgram for Action, a series of subway and commuter rail expansions proposed by the MTA to then-GovernorNelson Rockefeller, included a spur of the line to the underservedAlphabet City neighborhood on the Lower East Side. The spur would run underHouston Street,Avenue C, and14th Street.[62][63] The branch's construction was delayed in 1971 after voters blocked a bond issue, then canceled along with most of the Program's new projects after the 1975–76New York City fiscal crisis and extreme MTA fare revenue fluctuations.[64]: 238–243 [65]

The tracks at 57th Street were originally built for a proposed extension underCentral Park toHarlem.[5] The stub-end tracks were eventually connected to theIND 63rd Street Line when the latter opened in October 1989. The 63rd Street line only extended to the21st Street–Queensbridge station in Queens, and did not connect to any other lines in that borough. TheQ train served the 63rd Street extension on weekdays and theB train stopped there on the weekends; both services used the Sixth Avenue Line.[66] The Q train, a part-time express within Brooklyn via the BMT Brighton Line, ran along the Sixth Avenue Line between 1988 and 2001, when theManhattan Bridge south tracks were closed for reconstruction.[67][68]

Planning for the 63rd Street Line's $645 million connection from the 21st Street–Queensbridge station to the IND Queens Boulevard Line in Queens began in December 1990, and construction began on September 22, 1994.[69][70][71] The Connector came into regular use on December 16, 2001. A new Sixth Avenue local service, the V, was introduced operating local via Sixth Avenue and terminating in the center tracks of the Sixth Avenue Line's Second Avenue station. The V ran local on the Queens Boulevard Line, and it only operated during weekdays. At this time, the F, which ran express along the Queens Boulevard Line, was rerouted to operate via the 57th Street station and the 63rd Street line north of the 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center station, rather than via the 53rd Street tunnel. Both the 63rd Street and the 53rd Street lines merge into the Queens Boulevard Line in Queens.[72][73] On June 28, 2010, the V was replaced by the M, which began using the Chrystie Street Connection to the Williamsburg Bridge. Regular M trains make all former V stops except for Second Avenue.[74][75][76]

In 2004, full Manhattan Bridge service was restored. This resulted in full B and D express service being restored from 34th Street–Herald Square to the Manhattan Bridge, where the services continued to Brooklyn. However, the terminals of the B and D were reversed from prior to the Manhattan Bridge service suspensions. B service operates weekdays only via the Brighton Line express tracks to Brighton Beach, replacing the<Q> express on the Brighton Line. D service operates 24/7 along the West End Line because residents ofBensonhurst, a neighborhood located near the West End Line, wanted full-time direct subway service to Manhattan.[77]

The 2015–2019Metropolitan Transportation Authority Capital Plan called for the Sixth Avenue Line's23rd Street and57th Street stations, along with 31 others, to undergo a complete overhaul as part of theEnhanced Station Initiative. Updates would include cellular service, Wi-Fi, USB charging stations, interactive service advisories and maps, improved signage, and improved station lighting.[78][79] The renovations at both stations were supposed to last from July to December 2018. The renovations were conducted under a $124.9 million contract that also included the renovation of the28th Street station on theIRT Lexington Avenue Line.[80] 23rd Street reopened ahead of schedule on November 29, 2018,[81] while 57th Street reopened on December 19, 2018.[82]

As part of the 2015–2019 Capital Program, the 34th Street and West Fourth Street interlockings on the IND Sixth Avenue Line were upgraded at a cost of $356.5 million. The interlocking upgrades would supportcommunications-based train control (CBTC) installation on theQueens Boulevard, Culver, and Eighth Avenue lines.[83]

Station listing

[edit]
Station service legend
Stops all timesStops 24 hours a day
Stops all times except late nightsStops every day during daytime hours only
Stops late nights onlyStops every day during overnight hours only
Stops weekdays during the dayStops during weekday daytime hours only
Stops weekends and weekday eveningsStops during weekend daytime and weekday evening hours
Stops rush hours in the peak direction onlyStops during weekday rush hours in the peak direction only
Time period details
Disabled accessStation is compliant with theAmericans with Disabilities Act
Disabled access ↑Station is compliant with theAmericans with Disabilities Act
in the indicated direction only
Disabled access ↓
Elevator access to mezzanine only
Neighborhood
(approximate)
Disabled accessStationTracksServicesOpenedTransfers and notes
Manhattan
Branch from theIND 63rd Street Line (F late nights and weekendsM weekdays during the day)
Midtown Manhattan57th Street2F late nights and weekendsM weekdays during the dayJuly 1, 1968[61]
 
Express Tracks split from theIND Eighth Avenue Line (B Weekday rush hours, middays and early eveningsD all times)
Seventh AvenueexpressB Weekday rush hours, middays and early eveningsD all timesAugust 19, 1933[84]IND Queens Boulevard Line (E all times)
 
Local Tracks split from theIND Queens Boulevard Line (F weekdays during the day <F> two rush hour trains, peak direction)
Branch line merges (F late nights and weekendsM weekdays during the day)
Main line (B weekdays during the dayD all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the day)
Disabled access47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller CenterallB weekdays during the dayD all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the dayDecember 15, 1940[5]
Elevator access to mezzanine only42nd Street–Bryant ParkallB weekdays during the dayD all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the dayDecember 15, 1940[5]IRT Flushing Line (7 all times <7> rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction​) atFifth Avenue
IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line (1 all times2 all times3 all times) atTimes Square–42nd Street, daytime only
BMT Broadway Line (N all timesQ all timesR all except late nightsW weekdays only) atTimes Square–42nd Street, daytime only
42nd Street Shuttle (S all except late nights) atTimes Square, daytime only
IND Eighth Avenue Line (A all timesC all except late nightsE all times) at42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal, daytime only
Disabled access34th Street–Herald SquareallB weekdays during the dayD all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the dayDecember 15, 1940[5]BMT Broadway Line (N all timesQ all timesR all except late nightsW weekdays only)
Penn Station:Amtrak,Long Island Rail Road, andNew Jersey Transit
M34/M34A Select Bus Service
Connection toPATH at33rd Street
Chelsea23rd StreetlocalF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the dayDecember 15, 1940[5]M23 Select Bus Service
Connection toPATH at23rd Street
Greenwich VillageDisabled access ↑14th StreetlocalF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the dayDecember 15, 1940[5]BMT Canarsie Line (L all times)
IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line (1 all times2 all times3 all except late nights)
Connection toPATH at14th Street
M14A/M14D Select Bus Service
Station isADA-accessible in the northbound direction only.
Disabled accessWest Fourth Street–Washington SquareallB weekdays during the dayD all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the dayDecember 15, 1940[5]IND Eighth Avenue Line (A all timesC all except late nightsE all times)
Local crossovers to/from theIND Eighth Avenue Line (no regular service)
NoHoDisabled accessBroadway–Lafayette StreetallB weekdays during the dayD all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the dayJanuary 1, 1936[28]IRT Lexington Avenue Line (4 late nights6 all times <6> weekdays until 8:45 p.m., peak direction) atBleecker Street
Express tracks turn under Chrystie Street (B weekdays during the dayD all times)
Local tracks split to theBMT Nassau Street Line (M weekdays during the day) and also continue under Houston Street (F all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak direction​)
 
Branch underChrystie Street (B weekdays during the dayD all times)
ChinatownGrand StreetexpressB weekdays during the dayD all timesNovember 27, 1967[59]
To north tracks ofManhattan Bridge
 
Branch underHouston Street (F all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak direction​)
East VillageSecond Avenuelocal
layup tracks
F all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionJanuary 1, 1936[28]M15 Select Bus Service
Lower East SideDelancey StreetlocalF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionJanuary 1, 1936[28]BMT Nassau Street Line (J all times M all times except late nights Z rush hours, peak direction​) atEssex Street
East BroadwaylocalF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionJanuary 1, 1936[28]
Brooklyn
Rutgers Street Tunnel under theEast River
DUMBOYork StreetlocalF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionApril 9, 1936[29]
Continues as theIND Culver Line (F all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak direction​)

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^For instance, during a 2020 service change when the D train was rerouted via the Eighth Avenue Line's local tracks north of West Fourth Street, it ran on theIND Culver Line (the F train's normal route in Brooklyn). The F train ran on theBMT West End Line (the D train's normal route in Brooklyn).[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Annual Subway Ridership (2018–2023)".Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2023. RetrievedApril 20, 2024.
  2. ^"Subway Service Guide"(PDF).Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2025. RetrievedSeptember 22, 2019.
  3. ^abcdefghiDougherty, Peter (2006) [2002].Tracks of the New York City Subway 2006 (3rd ed.). Dougherty.OCLC 49777633 – viaGoogle Books.
  4. ^abcVogel, W. P. Jr. (July 11, 1937). "Work to Begin On Last 6th Av. Tube Link Soon: With 9th–18th St. Contract Let, $57,000,000 Project Will Be Ready in 1941 No Federal Aid for City Man-Made, Natural Hazards Pose Many Problems".New York Herald Tribune. p. A3.ProQuest 1248809011.
  5. ^abcdefghijkl"New Subway Line on 6th Ave. Opens at Midnight Fete".The New York Times. December 15, 1940. p. 1.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on December 13, 2021. RetrievedOctober 7, 2011.
  6. ^abcdLevey, Stanley (April 19, 1961)."Construction of New IND Tunnel For 6th Ave. Line Begins Today; Express Tracks Deep Under Street to Run From 4th to 34th St. – 1964 Finish Set for $22,000,000 Job".The New York Times.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 29, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
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  8. ^"100 Miles of Subway in New City Project; 52 of them in Queens"(PDF).The New York Times. September 16, 1929. p. 1.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived(PDF) from the original on June 27, 2022. RetrievedJune 11, 2014.
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  10. ^abBrennan, Joseph (2002)."Abandoned Stations : IND Second System unfinished stations".columbia.edu.Archived from the original on March 2, 2016. RetrievedAugust 30, 2016.
  11. ^"Two Subway Routes Adopted by City".The New York Times. August 4, 1923. p. 9.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on June 30, 2019. RetrievedAugust 1, 2019.
  12. ^"Plans Now Ready to Start Subways".The New York Times. March 12, 1924. p. 1.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on June 28, 2019. RetrievedAugust 1, 2019.
  13. ^ab"Delaney For Razing Elevated Line Now; Work in 6th Av. Could Begin in Six Months if Condemnation Started at Once, He Says. Sees Cut In Subway Cost Eliminating Need for Underpinning Would Save $4,000,000 and Speed Construction, He Holds".The New York Times. January 11, 1930.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 27, 2018.
  14. ^"Ends Move To Scrap 6th Avenue Elevated; Transit Commission Explains No Interest Has Been Shown in Demolition Since January".The New York Times. September 17, 1931.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on August 7, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
  15. ^"New Subway Routes in Hylan Program to Cost $186,046,000 – Board of Transportation Adopts 22.90 Miles of Additional Lines – Total Now $345,629,000 – But the Entire System Planned by Mayor Involves $700,000,000 – Description of Routes – Heaviest Expenditures Will Be Made on Tunnels – No Allowance for Equipment – New Subway Routes to Cost $186,046,000".The New York Times. March 21, 1925.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 9, 2018. RetrievedApril 8, 2018.
  16. ^"6th Av. Subway Plan Hinges On Tubes' Use; City Must Reach Agreement With Hudson & Manhattan to Carry Out Project".The New York Times. November 20, 1924.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 26, 2018. RetrievedApril 26, 2018.
  17. ^"Final Contracts To Finish Subway Awarded By City; Include $20,000,000 for Cars, Equipment and Substations for Manhattan Line. Operation Set For 1931 Board of Transportation Moves to Rid Sixth Avenue of Trolley Tracks. Seeks To Buy Franchise Line Willing to Exchange It for Bus Permit—Negotiations Pushed to Extend Tube".The New York Times. August 1, 1929.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 26, 2018. RetrievedApril 26, 2018.
  18. ^"6th Av. Tube Work to be Begun Oct. 1".The New York Times. August 8, 1935. p. 23.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 16, 2018. RetrievedOctober 7, 2011.
  19. ^"The Sixth Avenue Subway".The New York Times. April 21, 1931.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
  20. ^"6th Avenue Subway Is Put Off 18 Months; Delaney Delays Start Because of Peril to Water Main to Brooklyn and Queens. Awaits New Supply Tube Announcement Follows Conference With Dietz Over Danger of Damage From Blasting. Action Is A Surprise Bids for Work on New City Link Already Advertised—Many Obstacles to Project Arose. Work Ahead of Schedule. Many Obstacles Arose".The New York Times. May 6, 1931.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
  21. ^"Speed Plan For Link Of 6th Av. Subway; Transportation Board Engineers Want Work Started First From 33d to 39th Street".The New York Times. May 8, 1931.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
  22. ^"Plans Work In June on 6th Av. Subway; City to Push Section North of 29th St. to Permit Routing of Eighth Av. Line. Contracts To Be Let Soon Agreement With Water Supply Board Opens Way for Construction Held Up by Condult Hazards".The New York Times. December 1, 1931.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
  23. ^"$25,500,000 Loan For Transit Asked; Transportation Board Applies for Federal Funds to Finish Subway System. 22-Month Task Ahead Projects to Add 18 Miles to the City's Network Planned to Start Immediately".The New York Times. October 3, 1933.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
  24. ^"East Side Subway Will Evict 10,000; Work on New Line, Likely to Begin in May, Will Force Many Tenants to Move. 200 Buildings Will Fall Transportation Board Notifies Property Owners—Condemnation to Coat Over $11,000,000. Expect Work to Start in May. Residents Recall Other Days".The New York Times. February 24, 1929.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on May 6, 2022. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
  25. ^"East Side Subway Started By Mayor; He Breaks Ground for Crosstown System at Second Av. and East Houston St. Miller Hails Project Sees Area Rejuvenated by Line and City's Plan to Raze Old Tenements".The New York Times. May 2, 1929.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
  26. ^"$13,000,000 Contracts For Subways Let; One for $11,674,060 Is for Construction of East River Tunnel to Brooklyn".The New York Times. May 22, 1930.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
  27. ^"Begins Street Widening.; City Will Increase Essex and Houston From 50 to 80 Feet".The New York Times. May 8, 1933.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
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  32. ^"Subway Award Goes To Rosoff Company; Sixth Av. Contract Is Let Under Specified Use of Excavated Rock Despite Lower Bid".The New York Times. October 31, 1935.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. RetrievedApril 28, 2018.
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  42. ^"The Tube Takes Shape in 6th Av.: Most of the Excavation Is Done, And, Considering, Done Quietly: Despite the Intricacies of Underground Utility Facilities and Overhead Elevated Line, There Are Fewer Inconveniences and Complaints on Tliis Project Than Construction Usually Brings".New York Herald Tribune. November 7, 1937. p. A3.ProQuest 1223317978.
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  44. ^"Hudson Tube Terminus At 33d St. Closes Today".The New York Times. December 26, 1937.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 26, 2018. RetrievedApril 26, 2018.
  45. ^"Hudson Tube Opens Terminal Today – Remodeled 33d St. Station Cost City $800,000 as Part of 6th Ave. Subway Expense – Closed for Two Years – Two Train Platforms and 3 Sets of Tracks Among New Transit Equipment".The New York Times. September 24, 1939.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 16, 2018. RetrievedApril 15, 2018.
  46. ^"Tube Terminal to Reopen – Station at 33d St. and 6th Ave. to Renew Service Sept. 24".The New York Times. September 12, 1939.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 16, 2018. RetrievedApril 15, 2018.
  47. ^"Gay Crowds On Last Ride As Sixth Ave. Elevated Ends 60-Year Existence; 350 Police On Duty But the Noisy Revelers Strip Cars in Hunt for Souvenirs Suit May Delay Razing Little Threat Seen to Plan, However-Jobless Workers to Press Their Protest Makes Only One Stop Entrances Are Boarded Up Final Trains Run On Elevated Line Police Guard Structure".The New York Times. December 5, 1938.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 26, 2018. RetrievedApril 26, 2018.
  48. ^ab"Transit Projects Seek $771,256,499 – Board Asks This as Capital Outlay for 6 Years, Including $154,330,244 for 1941 – Outlines Vast Program – Ambitious Plans to Make Most of Unification Face Knife of Planning Commission – $10,607,000 Engineering Cost – Wants Transfer Links".The New York Times. August 12, 1940.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 16, 2018. RetrievedApril 15, 2018.
  49. ^"The New Subway Routes".The New York Times. December 15, 1940.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 16, 2018. RetrievedApril 15, 2018.
  50. ^"6th Ave. Tube Adds Two New Services – Provides Express Facilities to Queens and Local Trains to Washington Heights – Subway Opens on Dec. 15 – Changes in Routings on Other Lines to Bring Faster Time and Less Congestion".The New York Times. December 5, 1940.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on June 17, 2018. RetrievedApril 15, 2018.
  51. ^"New Subway to Add 2 Need Services – Opening of 6th Ave. Line to Provide Uptown Local Route and More Queens Expresses".The New York Times. December 2, 1939.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on April 16, 2018. RetrievedApril 15, 2018.
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