| Russia at the Olympics | |
|---|---|
 | |
| IOC code | RUS |
| NOC | Russian Olympic Committee |
| Website | www |
| Medals Ranked 11th |
|
| Summer appearances | |
| Winter appearances | |
| Other related appearances | |
 Russian Empire (1900–1912) Soviet Union (1952–1988) Unified Team (1992) Olympic Athletes from Russia (2018) ROC (2020–2022) Individual Neutral Athletes (2024–2026) | |
Russia, referred to by its formal name; the Russian Federation, by theInternational Olympic Committee, has competed at the modernOlympic Games on many occasions, but as different nations in its history. As theRussian Empire, the nation first competed at the1900 Games, and returned again in 1908 and 1912. After theRussian revolution in 1917, and the subsequent establishment of theSoviet Union in 1922, it would be thirty years until Russian athletes nextcompeted in the 1952 Summer Olympics. After thedissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia competed as part of theUnified Team in 1992, and finally returned once again asRussia at the1994 Winter Olympics.
TheRussian Olympic Committee was created in 1991 and recognized in 1993. The Soviet Union hosted the1980 Summer Olympics inMoscow, and the Russian Federation hosted the2014 Winter Olympics inSochi.
In twelve appearances from 1994 to 2016, Russian athletes won a total of 422 medals at theSummer Olympic Games and another 120 at theWinter Olympic Games. Russia's 542 total medals, including 193 gold medals, are second behind only theUnited States in that timespan.
In 2017, Russia was suspended from competing at the Olympic Games due to thestate-sponsored doping scandal. Russian athletes were allowed to participate in the2018 Winter Olympics as theOlympic Athletes from Russia (OAR). They were also allowed to compete at the2020 Summer Olympics and the2022 Winter Olympics, representing theRussian Olympic Committee.[1]
Amid theRussian invasion of Ukraine, theInternational Olympic Committee allowed Russian and Belarusian athletes to participate at the2024 Summer Olympics asIndividual Neutral Athletes.[2]
Russia has hosted the Games on two occasions. Moscow was the host of the 1980 Summer Games, when Russia (Russian SFSR) was part of the Soviet Union. Sochi was the host of the 2014 Winter Games, as part of the Russian Federation.
| Games | Host city | Dates | Nations | Participants | Events |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 Summer Olympics | Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union | 19 July–3 August | 80 | 5,179 | 203 |
| 2014 Winter Olympics | Sochi,Krasnodar Krai, Russian Federation | 7–23 February | 88 | 2,873 | 98 |
| Date | Team | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900–1912 | Russian Empire (RU1) | |||||
| 1920 |  Estonia (EST) | |||||
| 1924–1936 |  Latvia (LAT), Lithuania (LTU) | |||||
| 1952–1988 | Soviet Union (URS) | |||||
| 1992 | Estonia (EST), Latvia (LAT), Lithuania (LTU) | Unified Team (EUN) | ||||
| 1994 | Russia (RUS) |  Belarus (BLR) |  Armenia (ARM), Georgia (GEO), Kazakhstan (KAZ), Kyrgyzstan (KGZ), Moldova (MDA), Ukraine (UKR), Uzbekistan (UZB) | |||
| 1996–2016 |  Azerbaijan (AZE), Tajikistan (TJK), Turkmenistan (TKM) | |||||
| 2018 | Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) | |||||
| 2020–2022 | Russian Olympic Committee(ROC) | |||||
| 2024–2026 | Individual Neutral Athletes (AIN) | |||||
TheRussian Federation, theRussian Empire, theOlympic Athletes from Russia and theRussian Olympic Committee (ROC) are sometimes combined outside of IOC sources. TheSoviet Union is often combined with thepost-union team that competed in 1992.[3][4][5] Some sources combine the Soviet Union and Russia, despite the fact that many republics which subsequently gained or re-gained independence (Armenia,Azerbaijan,Belarus,Estonia,Georgia,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Latvia,Lithuania,Moldova,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,Ukraine andUzbekistan) contributed to the medal tally of the USSR, and there are sources that combine all medals of RU1, URS, EUN, OAR, ROC and RUS.[6][7] On 31 January 1992, the United Nations recognized, without objection,Russia as legal successor of the rights and obligations of the formerSoviet Union,[8] but this has no significance in medal tallies.
Neutral Russian athletes that competed asAIN at the2024 Summer Olympics are also included in the table.
Medal counts:
Russia combined with precursors
status after the 2024 Olympics
| Summer Games | Winter Games | Combined total | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Team (IOC code) | No. |
|
|
| Total | No. |
|
|
| Total | No. |
|
|
| Total |
| Russia (RUS) | 6 | 147 | 125 | 150 | 422 | 6 | 46 | 39 | 35 | 120 | 12 | 193 | 164 | 185 | 542 |
| Russian Empire (RU1) | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 |
| Soviet Union (URS) | 9 | 395 | 319 | 296 | 1010 | 9 | 78 | 57 | 59 | 194 | 18 | 473 | 376 | 355 | 1204 |
| Unified Team (EUN) | 1 | 45 | 38 | 29 | 112 | 1 | 9 | 6 | 8 | 23 | 2 | 54 | 44 | 37 | 135 |
| Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 9 | 17 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 9 | 17 |
| Russian Olympic Committee(ROC) | 1 | 20 | 28 | 23 | 71 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 15 | 32 | 2 | 25 | 40 | 38 | 103 |
| Individual Neutral Athletes (AIN) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 21 | 608 | 515 | 501 | 1624 | 18 | 140 | 120 | 126 | 386 | 39 | 748 | 635 | 627 | 2010 |
| Games | Athletes | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 1896 Athens | did not participate | |||||
| 1900–1912 | as part of the Russian Empire (RU1) | |||||
| 1920–1948 | did not participate | |||||
| 1952–1988 | as part of the Soviet Union (URS) | |||||
 1992 Barcelona | as part of the Unified Team (EUN) | |||||
 1996 Atlanta | 390 | 26 | 21 | 16 | 63 | 2 |
 2000 Sydney | 435 | 32 | 28 | 29 | 89 | 2 |
 2004 Athens | 446 | 28 | 26 | 36 | 90 | 3 |
 2008 Beijing | 455 | 24 | 13 | 23 | 60 | 3 |
 2012 London | 436 | 18 | 20 | 26 | 64 | 4 |
 2016 Rio de Janeiro | 282 | 19 | 17 | 20 | 56 | 4 |
 2020 Tokyo | as the ROC | |||||
 2024 Paris | as part of the Individual Neutral Athletes (AIN) | |||||
| 2028 Los Angeles | future event | |||||
| 2032 Brisbane | ||||||
| Total (6/30) | 2,444 | 147 | 125 | 150 | 422 | 13 |
Host country
| Games | Athletes | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1924–1952 | did not participate | |||||
| 1956–1988 | as part of the Soviet Union (URS) | |||||
| 1992 Albertville | as part of the Unified Team (EUN) | |||||
 1994 Lillehammer | 113 | 11 | 8 | 4 | 23 | 1 |
| 1998 Nagano | 122 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 18 | 3 |
| 2002 Salt Lake City | 151 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 13 | 5 |
 2006 Turin | 190 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 22 | 4 |
 2010 Vancouver | 177 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 15 | 11 |
| 2014 Sochi | 232 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 29 | 2 |
 2018 Pyeongchang | as the Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) | |||||
| 2022 Beijing | as the ROC | |||||
| 2026 Milano Cortina | as part of the Individual Neutral Athletes (AIN) | |||||
| 2030 French Alps | future event | |||||
| 2034 Salt Lake City | ||||||
| Total (6/24) | 985 | 46 | 39 | 35 | 120 | 10 |
| Sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Wrestling | 31 | 11 | 14 | 56 |
 Gymnastics | 22 | 21 | 21 | 64 |
 Athletics | 18 | 21 | 19 | 58 |
 Fencing | 13 | 5 | 8 | 26 |
 Boxing | 10 | 5 | 15 | 30 |
 Artistic swimming | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
 Shooting | 7 | 13 | 11 | 31 |
 Swimming | 5 | 9 | 9 | 23 |
 Cycling | 5 | 5 | 9 | 19 |
 Judo | 5 | 4 | 7 | 16 |
 Diving | 4 | 8 | 6 | 18 |
 Weightlifting | 4 | 7 | 6 | 17 |
 Modern pentathlon | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
 Tennis | 3 | 3 | 2 | 8 |
 Canoeing | 2 | 4 | 7 | 13 |
 Handball | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
 Volleyball | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
 Rowing | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
 Taekwondo | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
 Water polo | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
 Archery | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
 Sailing | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
 Basketball | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
 Badminton | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (24 entries) | 147 | 126 | 150 | 423 |
| Sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Cross country skiing | 14 | 10 | 9 | 33 |
 Figure skating | 14 | 9 | 3 | 26 |
 Biathlon | 9 | 5 | 8 | 22 |
 Speed skating | 3 | 5 | 5 | 13 |
 Short track speed skating | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
 Snowboarding | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
 Skeleton | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
 Luge | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
 Freestyle skiing | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
 Bobsleigh | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
 Ice hockey | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
 Alpine skiing | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Nordic combined | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (13 entries) | 46 | 39 | 35 | 120 |
Due to doping violations, Russia has been stripped of 46 Olympic medals – the most of any country, four times the number of the runner-up, and 30% of the global total. It was the leading country in terms of the number of medals removed due to doping at the2002 Winter Olympics (5 medals), the2006 Winter Olympics (1 medal), the2008 Summer Olympics (14 medals), the2012 Summer Olympics (17 medals),2014 Winter Olympics (4 medals — 10 others were stripped and returned) and the joint most at the2004 Summer Olympics (3 medals), the2016 Summer Olympics (1 medal), and the2022 Winter Olympics (1 medal).
Russia was partially banned from participation at the2016 Summer Olympics due to thestate-sponsored doping scandal. Russian athletes were then allowed to participate in the2018 Winter Olympics as the Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR), and in both the2020 Summer Olympics and the2022 Winter Olympics as the Russian Olympic Committee athletes (ROC).[49][50]
Amid theRussian invasion of Ukraine, theInternational Olympic Committee (IOC) announced in January 2023 plans to have Russian athletes introduced as neutrals at the2024 Summer Olympics.[2][51] The IOC also published a statement stating that it supported the return of Russian athletes, as long as they did not "actively" advocate for the war and as long as their flag, anthem, colors, and organizations were excluded (thus preventing them from competing under the Russian Olympic Committee as in 2020 and 2022).[52]
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