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Rued Langgaard | |
|---|---|
 Photograph from Gerhardt Lynge:Danske Komponister (1917) | |
| Born | Rud Immanuel Langgaard 28 July 1893 Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Died | 10 July 1952 (aged 58) Ribe, Denmark |
| Resting place | Holmen Cemetery, Copenhagen |
| Nationality | Danish |
| Occupation(s) | Composer and organist |
| Known for | Composing numerous full works at a young age and having a more unconventional style compared to his counterparts. |
Rued Langgaard (Danish:[ˈʁuðˀˈlɑŋˌkɒˀ]; bornRud Immanuel Langgaard; 28 July 1893 – 10 July 1952) was a late-Romantic Danish composer and organist. His then-unconventional music was at odds with that of his Danish contemporaries but was recognized 16 years after his death.
Born inCopenhagen, Rued Langgaard was the only son of composer and Royal Chamber musician Siegfried Langgaard (1852–1914) and Emma Langgaard (née Foss, 1861–1926), both of whom were pianists.[1] At the age of five Rued began taking piano lessons with his mother, and later with his father and a private teacher. His talent emerged quickly, and at seven he was able to playSchumann'sDavidsbündlertänze andChopin'smazurkas. By then he had begun to compose short pieces for the piano and play the organ. At 10 he began to study the organ underGustav Helsted, organist at theJesuskirken in Valby, and the violin under Chr. Petersen, formerly of the Royal Orchestra.
At the age of 11 he made his first public appearance as an organist and improviser on the organ at a concert at theFrederikskirken (Marmorkirken) in Copenhagen. When he was 12, he started to studymusic theory underC. F. E. Horneman and, later, Vilhelm Rosenberg.
Langgaard's first compositions, 2 piano pieces and 2 songs, were published when he was 13, and around that time he was taughtcounterpoint by the celebrated composerCarl Nielsen for about a month. A year later, his choral workMusae triumphantes was performed at a concert in Copenhagen, marking his public debut as a composer. During his teen years he continued composing and travelled with his parents around Christmas and New Year's Eve, meeting conductorsArthur Nikisch andMax Fiedler.
At 18, Langgaard served as assistant organist at the Frederikskirken (Marmorkirken) in Copenhagen. The following year (1913) hisSymphony No. 1 "Mountain Pastorals" received its first performance at a concert in Berlin with theBerlin Philharmonic under the baton of Max Fiedler.[2]
His father died in 1914, and from 1915 to 1917 he was assistant organist at the Garnisons Kirke in Copenhagen. From 1917 onward he applied without success for the post of organist at a large number of churches in Copenhagen. In 1922 a young woman named Valborg Constance Olivia Tetens (she was known as Constance) moved in with Rued Langgaard and his mother in Copenhagen. A year after his mother died in 1926, Langgaard married Constance Tetens.
Although Langgaard was given a state grant from the age of 30, his works and job applications were almost continually rejected by the establishment. Only at the age of 46 did he manage to obtain a permanent job, as the organist at thecathedral inRibe, the oldest town in Denmark, situated in southwestJutland. Just shy of his 59th birthday, Rued Langgaard died in Ribe, still unrecognized as a composer.
Rued Langgaard composed in a late Romantic style, emphatically dramatic and endowed with colossal mood swings. Unquestionably, he was influenced byRichard Wagner andRichard Strauss and, like Strauss, he was a master oforchestration. He was a prolific composer for the large orchestra, writing 16 symphonies as well as other orchestral works.
Music of the Spheres is his best-known and most radical work. It is a symphonic work of great complexity, calling for a large orchestra including organ and a piano on which the strings are played directly rather than via the keys, choir, and a supporting (distant) orchestra including a soprano voice.[3] It was composed duringWorld War I, but only performed twice (in Germany in 1921–1922) during Langgaard's lifetime and lay dormant for almost 50 years before being rediscovered. When it was rediscovered in the late 1960s, it was considered remarkably modern and reflective of the pathfinding style in which Langgaard composed. In 2010Music of the Spheres received its British premiere atThe Proms, conducted byThomas Dausgaard.[4]
His unorthodox style and sense of drama extended to the titles of his compositions. His fourth and sixth symphonies are known as theLeaf Fall andHeaven Storming. His symphonies Nos. 13 and 16 are namedFaithlessness andDeluge of Sun, respectively. Examples of descriptive names for individual movements areWireless Caruso and Compulsive Energy andDaddies rushing off to the Office (in symphony No. 14,The Morning).
His total production of over 400 works included more than 150 songs, works for piano, organ, and an opera entitledAntikrist (The Antichrist).
BVN refers to the numbering of works in: Bendt Viinholt Nielsen: Rued Langgaards Kompositioner (Rued Langgaard's Compositions. An Annotated Catalogue of Works. With an English Introduction). Odense University Press, 1991.
In recent years, many of his works have been recorded, including recordings by Danacord of his complete symphonies on seven CDs.[5] This cycle, with the Artur Rubinstein Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Ilya Stupel, was followed by a second cycle recorded by Dacapo with theDanish National Symphony Orchestra under the baton of Thomas Dausgaard.[6] Both cycles have had their share of critical recognition.
Other works of Langgaard currently available on CD includeMusic of the Spheres,[7]Messis (Organ drama in three evenings),Antichrist (Church opera in six scenes),Duo Lys Pa Himlen, piano concertos,The End of Time, and various works for solo instruments.[8] Some secular and religious choral works, performed by Ars Nova Copenhagen, can be found the CDRose Garden Songs.[9]
