| Rudamun | |
|---|---|
 A small glass vase with thecartouches of Rudamun | |
| Pharaoh | |
| Reign | 2–3 years; mid-8th century BC |
| Predecessor | Takelot III |
| Successor | Ini orShoshenq VII ? |
| Children | Irbastudjanefu |
| Father | Osorkon III |
| Died | 739 BC |
| Dynasty | 23rd Dynasty |
Rudamun was the finalpharaoh of theTwenty-third Dynasty of Egypt. His titulary simply reads as Usermaatre Setepenamun, Rudamun Meryamun, and excludes the Si-Ese or Netjer-Heqawaset epithets employed by his father and brother.
He was the younger son ofOsorkon III, and the brother ofTakelot III. He is a poorly attested pharaoh of this dynasty according toKenneth Kitchen, who credits him with a brief reign of about two to three years due to the few contemporary documents known for him. These include a small amount of decorative work done on the Temple of Osiris Heqadjet, several stone blocks fromMedinet Habu, and a vase. In recent years, two fragments of afaience statuette bearing Rudamun's name fromHermopolis have been discovered.[2] This recent discovery suggests that Radamun managed to preserve the unity of his father's large kingdom inUpper Egypt ranging from at leastHerakleopolis Magna toThebes during his brief reign.
SomeEgyptologists such as David Aston have argued that Rudamun was the anonymous Year 19 king attested at Wadi Gasus. However, new evidence on the Wadi Gasus graffito published by Claus Jurman in 2006 has now redated the graffito to the25th dynasticNubian period entirely (rather than to the Libyan era) and demonstrates that they pertain toAmenirdis I andShepenupet II based on paleographic and other evidence atKarnak rather than the LibyanShepenupet I and the Nubian Amenirdis I.[3] Jurman notes that no monumental evidence from the Temple of Osiris Heqadjet or Karnak depict Shepenupet I associated withPiye's daughter, Amenirdis I.[4] Another alternative that the Year 19 Wadi Gasus ruler was a certainShoshenq VII, a new unknown ruler, was proposed by G. Broekman in a paper based on Nile Level Text No. 3 which is dated to Year 5 of a Theban king who ruled after Osorkon III.[5] However, there are serious doubts among scholars as to whether Nile Level Text No. 3 contained the nomen Shoshenq rather than Takelot.Georges Legrain, who had the first opportunity to survey the Karnak Quay Texts, did not, in his 1898 publication of the Quay Texts, read any royal nomen in this inscription since the stone had already been badly eroded. The stone would have been in even worse condition whenVon Beckerath inspected the document in 1953 and assumed the surviving traces on the Text No. 3 referred to a king Shoshenq, rather than a Takelot.[citation needed]
Soon after Rudamun's death, his kingdom quickly fragmented into several minor city states under the control of various local kings such asPeftjaubast ofHerakleopolis Magna,Nimlot at Hermopolis, andIni at Thebes. Peftjaubast married Irbastudjanefu, Rudamun's daughter, and was, therefore, Rudamun's son-in-law.[5] Nothing is known about Rudamun's final burial place. The surviving contemporary information from his reign suggests that it was quite brief.
