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| Royal Newfoundland Constabulary | |
|---|---|
 Badge of the RNC | |
 Shoulder flash of the RNC | |
 Shirt and vest patch | |
 RNC flag | |
| Abbreviation | RNC |
| Motto | "Safer Communities Through Policing Excellence" |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 1841 |
| Preceding agency |
|
| Employees | 545 (2015, approximately) |
| Annual budget | Total RNC $60,043,208Total Current $48,454,517 (2012-2013) |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| Operations jurisdiction | Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada |
 | |
| The area served by the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary | |
| Population | 526,702 |
| Legal jurisdiction | Provincial |
| Governing body | His Majesty in Right of Newfoundland |
| Constituting instrument |
|
| General nature | |
| Operational structure | |
| Headquarters | 1 Fort Townshend,St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador |
| Officers | 420 (approximately) |
| Civilians | 125 (approximately) |
| Minister responsible |
|
| Agency executive |
|
| Facilities | |
| Office or detachments | 6 |
| Website | |
www | |
TheRoyal Newfoundland Constabulary (RNC) is theprovincial police service for theprovince ofNewfoundland and Labrador.
The Royal Newfoundland Constabulary is one of three provincial police forces in Canada, alongside theOntario Provincial Police and theSûreté du Québec. Uniquely, the responsibility for policing in Newfoundland and Labrador is not granted to municipalities. In Ontario and Quebec, the provincial police provide frontline police services only to small communities or at the request of a municipal council; in Newfoundland and Labrador, the Constabulary operates in all communities by default. Since 1949, theRoyal Canadian Mounted Police have provided police services in the province's rural interior, in place of the RNC.[2]
As of 2023, the Constabulary currently serves or is expanding to serve the northeastAvalon Peninsula (metropolitanSt. John's);Bay of Islands and theHumber Valley (metropolitanCorner Brook); and westernLabrador (Churchill Falls,Labrador City, andWabush).[3][1][4]
The first police constables in Newfoundland and Labrador were appointed byGovernorHenry Osborn to six separate judicial districts in 1729. In the 19th century, the RNC was modeled after theRoyal Irish Constabulary[5] with the secondment in 1844 of Timothy Mitchell to be Inspector General. The administration of police services was centralized under one Inspector and General Superintendent of Police in 1853.[6] Legislation governing the Newfoundland Constabulary was passed by theHouse of Assembly in 1871.
In January 1909, John J. Sullivan became the first Newfoundland-born police chief of the Constabulary, a post he held until September 1917.[7]
In 1935, theNewfoundland Commission of Government established theNewfoundland Ranger Force, a police service modelled on theRoyal Canadian Mounted Police, to serve rural parts of Newfoundland and Labrador.[8] The Ranger Force replaced the Newfoundland Constabulary outside of theAvalon Peninsula, theHumber Arm (and in particular, the four communities that make up present-dayCorner Brook),Grand Falls, and other built-up communities onthe island.[8]
DuringWorld War II, the Newfoundland Constabulary provided police and investigative services to the foreign militaries stationed at St. John's, famously investigating the 1942Knights of Columbus Hostel fire, a fatal structure fire believed to have been an arson attack.[9][10]
After Newfoundland and Labrador joinedCanada in 1949, the Ranger Force was disbanded and replaced by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, which also replaced the Newfoundland Constabulary outside of the City ofSt. John's.[11]
In 1979,Queen Elizabeth II of Canada conferred aroyal patronage on the Newfoundland Constabulary in recognition of its long history of service to Newfoundland and Labrador.[11] The force subsequently changed its name to the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary.
The first women were sworn in as constables in 1980.[11]
Between 1981 and 1986, the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary gradually re-expanded, replacing the RCMP in the northeast Avalon Region, parts of Labrador, and Corner Brook.[11]
In 1998, RNC officers were authorized to begin carrying their handguns on their belt.[12] Previously, officers were required to keep their firearms locked in the trunk of their car unless they were needed.
On May 3, 2005, the RNC made a formal exchange of colours with theGarda Síochána, one of two successor forces to the Royal Irish Constabulary. The exchange of colours was to mark the historic links between policing in Newfoundland andIreland.
In 2019, the force hired its first Black police officers, Paul Growns and Jevaughn Coley.[13]
In 2022, the Constabulary sparked controversy after it was revealed that a constable facing four domestic violence-related charges was granted the Chief of Police's Commendation, which recognizes "distinguished, commendable act of police duty or outstanding contribution to the RNC," during her criminal trial.[14]
In 2023, the Constabulary re-expanded again, replacing the RCMP in the areas surrounding Corner Brook, toPasadena in the northeast and theBay of Islands in the west.[4]
The Royal Newfoundland Constabulary operates out of five police stations, referred to as regional offices or detachments:
The Constabulary also maintains a satellite office of the St. John's Regional Office inMount Pearl.[3]
| Rank | Commanding officers | Senior officers | Police officers | Officer-in-training | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chief | Deputy Chief | Superintendent | Inspector | Staff Sergeant | Sergeant | Constable | Cadet | |
| INSIGNIA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
The Royal Newfoundland Constabulary maintains several specialized investigative and response units, including a tactical response team, criminal and general investigations units, a police dogs unit, a marine unit, a public order unit, and a collision reconstruction team.[15]
The RNC has operated a mounted unit since 1873.[16]
The current horse-mounted team was created in 2003, replacing a voluntary unit. The unit's history can be traced back to three earlier units, the Newfoundland Constabulary Mounted Force 1873–1894, New Fire Brigade Mounted Force 1895–1922, and Newfoundland Constabulary 1922–1951.
The unit has fourPercheron horses:[16]
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The Royal Newfoundland Constabulary maintains a fleet of vehicles of models from several major automakers, such as models including but not limited to the following:
| Make/Model | Type | Status | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chevrolet Impala | General police vehicle |  Canada | |
| ChevroletTahoe | (marked) General police vehicle, Traffic Services | Canada | |
| ChevroletSilverado | (marked) General police vehicle, Forensic Identification Section | Canada | |
| DodgeCharger | General police vehicle | Canada | |
| Ram pickup | Parking Enforcement, Document Services Section |  United States | |
| FordPolice Interceptor | Highway Unit, General police vehicle, Traffic Services | United States | |
| Ford Expedition | (marked) Supervisor Truck, Traffic Services, Special Operations | United States | |
| FordF-150 | General police vehicle, Forensic Services Section | United States | |
| GMCSierra | General police vehicle | United States | |
| Dodge Durango | General police vehicle | United States | |
| Ford Explorer (Ford Police Interceptor Utility) (2020+) | General police vehicle | United States |
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As a result of the recommendations of the Select Committee on the Arming Policy of the RNC, members on operational duty were permitted to wear sidearms starting 14 June 1998.[17] Previously, members were required to keep all firearms secured in the trunk of the police cruiser and were only deployed with permission from the Chief.
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