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Rosette (design)

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Round, stylized flower design

For other uses, seeRosette (disambiguation).

Rosette designs fromMeyer'sHandbook of Ornament

Marble rosettes ofRucellai Sepulchre

Arosette is a round,stylized flower design.

Origin

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The rosette derives from the natural shape of thebotanical rosette, formed by leaves radiating out from the stem of a plant and visible even after the flowers have withered.

History

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The rosette design is used extensively in sculptural objects fromantiquity, appearing inMesopotamia, and in funeralsteles' decoration inAncient Greece. The rosette was another important symbol of Ishtar which had originally belonged to Inanna along with theStar of Ishtar.^[1]

It was adopted later inRomaneseque andRenaissance architecture, and also common in the art ofCentral Asia, spreading as far as India where it is used as a decorative motif inGreco-Buddhist art.

Ancient origins

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One of the earliest appearances of the rosette in ancient art is in early fourth millenniumBC Egypt.^[2] Another earlyMediterranean occurrence of the rosette design derives fromMinoan Crete; Among other places, the design appears on thePhaistos Disc, recovered from theeponymous archaeological site in southern Crete.^[3]

Ancient Greek funerary stele with three rosettes at the top,c. 150 BC, marble,Louvre
Greco-Buddhist rosettes at the bottom of a statue of theBuddha fromGandhara, 1st-2nd century AD,schistose rock,Tokyo National Museum

Modern use

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The formalised flowermotif is often carved in stone or wood to createdecorative ornaments for architecture and furniture, and inmetalworking,jewelry design and theapplied arts to form a decorative border or at the intersection of two materials.

Rosette decorations have been used for formalmilitary awards. They also appear in modern, civilian clothes,^[4] and are often worn prominently in political^[5] or sporting^[6] events. Rosettes sometimes decorate musical instruments, such as around the perimeter of sound holes ofguitars.

Gallery

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Sumerian bull with rosettes,c.3000 BC, black marble,Louvre
Priest-King, aHarappan artwork, 2400–1900 BC, low firedsteatite,National Museum of Pakistan,Karachi
Minoan rosettes on aKamares krater, 1850-1700 BC, ceramic,Archaeological Museum of Heraklion,Heraklion, Greece^[7]
Minoan rosettes on a fresco fromAkrotiri, 17th century BC, fresco,Museum of Prehistoric Thera,Thera,Santorini, Greece
Ancient Egyptian rosettes on a ceiling painting from the palace ofAmenhotep III,c.1390–1353 BC, dried mud, mud plaster and paint Gesso,Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
Ancient Egyptian rosettes on the wooden chest ofTutankhamun, 1336-1327 BC, wood inlayed with ivory,Egyptian Museum,Cairo^[8]
Mycenaean volutes, part of a mural from a palace inTiryns, Greece, 13th century BC, fresco,Archaeological Museum of Nafplion,Nafplio, Greece
Assyrian rosettes on anivory piece from Nimrud, 9th to 7th century BC, ivory,Iraq Museum,Baghdad
Babylonian glazed brick fragments with rosette decoration, 539-330 BC, burned and glazed clay,Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin
Persian Achaemenid rosettefriezes on a wall,c.490 BC, limestone, in situ,Persepolis,Iran^[9]
Ancient Greek rosettes around a door of theErechtheion, Athens, Greece, unknown architect, 421-405 BC^[10]
Ancient Greek rosettes on alekythos withAphrodite rising from the sea, 4th century BC, ceramic, Museum of Fine Arts,Boston, US^[11]
Ancient Greek rosettes on a pendant, 4th century BC, gold,National Archaeological Museum of Taranto,Taranto, Italy^[12]
Ancient Greek rosettes on alarnax ofPhilip II, 330-320 BC, gold and enamel,Museum of the Royal Tombs of Aigai,Vergina, Greece^[13]
Roman meander with rosettes on the Temple of Hadrianus,Ephesus,Turkey, unknown architect or sculptor, 117-118 AD
Roman rosettes in the ceiling of theArch of Septimius Severus, Rome, unknown architect, 203
Roman rosettes on afrieze, unknown date, probably marble,Villa medicea di Cerreto Guidi,Cerreto Guidi, Italy
Islamic keystones with rosettes,c.705-715, limestone,Pergamon Museum,Berlin
Romanesque rosettes on a pair ofcapitals from theVézelay Abbey,Vézelay, France, unknown architect, 1120-1150
Tudor rose added underHenry VIII to the foot of the GothicRoyal Gold Cup, late 14th century,British Museum
Baroque rosettes on a carpet with fame and fortitude, by theSavonnerie manufactory, 1668–1685, knotted and cut wool pile, woven with about 90 knots per square inch, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Rosettes, 17th or 18th centuries, print,Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum, New York City
Rosettes, 17th or 18th centuries, print, Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
Rosettes, 17th or 18th centuries, print, Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
Neoclassical rosettes in theArc de Triomphe du Carrousel, Paris, byCharles Percier andPierre-François-Léonard Fontaine, 1806-1808
Neoclassical rosettes on the arms of an armchair, byJacob Desmalter, 1808, gilded wood, Louvre
Neoclassical rosettes on a stool, byFrançois-Honoré-Georges Jacob-Desmalter,c.1810, gilded wood, unknown location
Neoclassical rosettes on a vase, by theSèvres Porcelain Manufactory, 1814, hard-paste porcelain with platinum background and gilt bronze mounts, Louvre^[14]
Neoclassical rosettes on the dome of the Crematorium of thePère-Lachaise Cemetery, Paris, byJean Camille Formigé, 1886
Simplified Neoclassical rosettes of a door of theRomanian Atheneum,Bucharest,Romania, byAlbert Galleron, 1888
Rosettes on theBeaux-Arts fence of Strada Ionel Perlea no. 21, Bucharest, unknown architect,c.1900
Art Nouveau rosettes on a gate of theLongoria Palace,Madrid,Spain, byJosé Grases Riera, 1902-1904
Neoclassical rosette on a handle of the lateral wing that facesStrada Edgar Quinet andStrada Academiei of theUniversity Building,Bucharest, Romania, probably designed byNicolae Ghica-Budești, 1914-1934^[15]
Rosettes on Beaux-Arts balconies of Strada Episcopiei no. 2-4, Bucharest, unknown architect,c.1920
Art Deco rosettes on Strada Grigore Cobălcescu no. 56, Bucharest, unknown architect,c.1930

Footnotes

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toRosettes (ornament).

^Black, Jeremy; Green, Anthony (1992), Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary, The British Museum Press,ISBN 0-7141-1705-6, p. 156
^Haddon, Alfred Cort.Evolution in Art: As Illustrated by the Life-histories of Designs, 1914, Scribner's, 364 pages
^"Phaistos Fieldnotes" by C.Michael Hogan,The Modern Antiquarian, 2007
^"Blame the Rosettes" by Eric Wilson,The New York Times, 3 August 2006
^Seerosette in politics
^Woodward, Kath.Social Sciences: The Big Issues, Routledge; 2nd edition: September 2009;ISBN 978-0415466608
^Smith, David Michael (2017).Pocket Museum - Ancient Greece. Thames & Hudson. p. 64.ISBN 978-0-500-51958-5.
^Robertson, Hutton (2022).The History of Art - From Prehistory to Presentday - A Global View. Thames & Hudson. p. 125.ISBN 978-0-500-02236-8.
^10,000 YEARS OF ART. Phaidon. 2009. p. 82.ISBN 978-0-7148-4969-0.
^Watkin, David (2022).A History of Western Architecture. Laurence King. p. 38.ISBN 978-1-52942-030-2.
^Papaioannou, Kostas (1975).L’art grec (in French). Mazenod. p. 451.
^Papaioannou, Kostas (1975).L’art grec (in French). Mazenod. p. 455.
^Robertson, Hutton (2022).The History of Art - From Prehistory to Presentday - A Global View. Thames & Hudson. p. 261.ISBN 978-0-500-02236-8.
^"PAIRE DE VASES « FUSEAU »".amisdulouvre.fr. Retrieved10 May 2023.
^Mariana Celac, Octavian Carabela and Marius Marcu-Lapadat (2017).Bucharest Architecture - an annotated guide. Ordinul Arhitecților din România. p. 37.ISBN 978-973-0-23884-6.

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