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Ronald George Wreyford Norrish

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
British chemist

Ronald George Wreyford Norrish
Born(1897-11-09)9 November 1897
Cambridge, England
Died7 June 1978(1978-06-07) (aged 80)
Cambridge, England
Alma materUniversity of Cambridge (BA,PhD)
Known forFlash photolysis
Norrish reaction
Trommsdorff–Norrish effect
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsChemistry
InstitutionsUniversity of Cambridge
ThesisRadiation and chemical reactivity (1924)
Doctoral advisorEric Rideal[1]

Ronald George Wreyford NorrishFRS[1] (9 November 1897 – 7 June 1978) was a Britishchemist who was awarded theNobel Prize in Chemistry in 1967.[2][3][4]

Education and early life

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Norrish was born inCambridge and was educated atThe Perse School andEmmanuel College, Cambridge.[5] He was a former student ofEric Rideal.[1] From an early age he was interested in chemistry, walking up and down Cambridge University chemical laboratory admiring all the equipment. His father encouraged him to construct and equip a small laboratory in his garden shed in his garden and supplied all the chemicals he needed to conduct experiments.[6] This apparatus now forms part of the Science Museum collections - reference shows copper water tank.[7] He used to enter competitions for the analysis of mixtures sent round by the Pharmaceutical Journal and often won prizes.[6] In 1915 Norrish won a Foundation Scholarship to Emmanuel College, but by adding a little to his age joined theRoyal Field Artillery and served as a Lieutenant, first in Ireland and then on theWestern Front.[6]

Career and research

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Norrish was a prisoner inWorld War I and later commented, with sadness, that many of his contemporaries and potential competitors at Cambridge had not survived the War. Military records show that 2nd Lieutenant Norrish of the Royal Artillery went missing (captured) on 21 March 1918.

Norrish rejoined Emmanuel College as a Research Fellow in 1925 and later becameHead of the Department of Physical Chemistry at theUniversity of Cambridge.

The skill which Norrish displayed in his laboratory work problems marked him out amongst his contemporaries as an unusually gifted and energetic experimentalist, capable of making significant advances in photo-chemistry and gas kinetics.[6]

Awards and honours

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Norrish was elected aFellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1936.[1] As a result of the development offlash photolysis, Norrish was awarded theNobel Prize in Chemistry in 1967 along withManfred Eigen andGeorge Porter[8] for their study of extremely fast chemical reactions.[5] One of his accomplishments is the development of theNorrish reaction.[citation needed]

At Cambridge, Norrish supervisedRosalind Franklin, future DNA researcher and colleague ofJames Watson andFrancis Crick, and experienced some conflict with her.[9]

References

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  1. ^abcdeDainton, F.; Thrush, B. A. (1981)."Ronald George Wreyford Norrish. 9 November 1897-7 June 1978".Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society.27:379–424.doi:10.1098/rsbm.1981.0016.ISSN 0080-4606.S2CID 72584163.
  2. ^Norrish'sNobel Foundation biography
  3. ^Norrish's Nobel LectureSome Fast Reactions in Gases Studied by Flash Photolysis and Kinetic Spectroscopy
  4. ^Ronald George Wreyford Norrish publications indexed byMicrosoft Academic
  5. ^ab"Ronald George Wreyford Norrish (1897 – 1978)".Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Retrieved25 January 2012.
  6. ^abcdDainton, Frederick Sydney; Thrush, Brian Arthur (November 1981)."Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, 9 November 1897 - 7 June 1978".Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society.27:379–424.doi:10.1098/rsbm.1981.0016.ISSN 0080-4606.S2CID 72584163.
  7. ^"Copper water tank, from Ronald G. W. Norrish's garden shed chemical laboratory | Science Museum Group Collection".collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk. Retrieved21 November 2021.
  8. ^Fleming, G. R.; Phillips, D. (2004)."George Porter KT OM, Lord Porter of Luddenham. 6 December 1920 – 31 August 2002: Elected F.R.S. 1960".Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society.50:257–283.doi:10.1098/rsbm.2004.0017.ISSN 0080-4606.
  9. ^Rosalind Franklin: The Dark Lady of DNA. New York: HarperCollins, 2002.ISBN 0-06-018407-8, p. 72

External links

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  • Ronald G.W. Norrish on Nobelprize.orgEdit this at Wikidata including the Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1967Some Fast Reactions in Gases Studied by Flash Photolysis and Kinetic Spectroscopy
1901–1925
1926–1950
1951–1975
1976–2000
2001–present
1967Nobel Prize laureates
Chemistry
Literature (1967)
Peace (1967)
  • None
Physics
Physiology or Medicine
International
National
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