Robert Montgomery Martin | |
|---|---|
| Colonial Treasurer of Hong Kong | |
| In office January 1844 – July 1845 | |
| Preceded by | Charles Edward Stuart |
| Succeeded by | William Mercer |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Circa 1801 Dublin, Ireland |
| Died | 6 September 1868 Sutton, Surrey, England |
| Occupation | Author, civil servant |
Robert Montgomery Martin (c. 1801 – 6 September 1868) was an Anglo-Irish author and civil servant. He served asColonial Treasurer of Hong Kong from 1844 to 1845. He was a founding member of theStatistical Society of London (1834), the Colonial Society (1837), and the East India Association (1867).[1]
Robert Montgomery Martin was born inDublin, Ireland, into a Protestant family, the son of John Martin and Mary Hawkins; and trained as a doctor.[1]
About 1820 he went out toCeylon, under the patronage ofSir Hardinge Giffard, a friend of his father. Travelling onwards to theCape of Good Hope, where he arrived in June 1823; he joined the expedition ofHMSLeven andHMSBarracouta underWilliam Fitzwilliam Owen, bound forDelagoa Bay. Martin was temporarily appointed assistant surgeon, serving also as botanist and naturalist on the south-east coast of Africa,Madagascar, and Indian Ocean islands.[2]
On 10 November 1824 Martin left the expedition atMombassa, and by way ofMauritius made his way back to the Cape. Later he set sail forNew South Wales returning to India around the end of 1828. He lived there for a year, before sailing back to England in 1830.[2]
Martin became a writer. According to his own account in 1840 he had been studying colonial questions for ten years. He published fifty thousand volumes on India and the colonies. In 1838 he was assigned an office inDowning Street, and in a year brought out his work on theStatistics of the Colonies of the British Empire, compiled from official sources, but without official support. In 1840 he founded and for two years edited theColonial Magazine.[2]
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On 5 December 1837 he presented a petition to the House of Commons for an amended colonial administrative department. In 1839, as a member of the court of theEast India Company, he was active in promoting the appointment of the commission which sat in 1840 on the East Indian trade. Martin was a prominent witness.[2]
In January 1844 Martin was appointed treasurer of the newly acquired island of Hong Kong, where he was also a member of the legislative council. He continued to write and was in poor health. In May 1845 he disagreed with the governor about raising revenue fromopium and on being refused six months' leave, resigned in July 1845. In his reports he insisted that Hong Kong was as a British colony doomed to failure.[2]
After making unsuccessful efforts to induce the Secretary of State to reinstate him, Martin returned to a literary life, near London. In 1851 he went toJamaica on a mission to report on the affairs of two mining companies operating there.[2]
Martin marriedJane Avis Frances Keith in 1826. She eloped with Dr. John Sheridan (1805–1858) and emigrated to South Australia, where they were important colonists.[3] In 1847 the marriage was dissolved by Parliament, and he married Eliza Barron, later asEliza Phillips known in bird welfare.[1]
Martin was one of the original members of theEast India Association, founded in 1866. He died at Wellesley Lodge,Sutton, Surrey, on 6 September 1868.[2]
The History of the British Colonies was completed in 1831; he obtained an introduction to the king, and on showing his book, received the king's permission to dedicate it to him. It did not appear till 1834, in five volumes:[4]
In 1837, Martin expanded the work, and published the new edition asThe British Colonial Library, in ten volumes:[5]
Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley entrusted Martin with the preparation of his papers for publication, asThe Marquis of Wellesley's Indian Despatches, 5 vols. 1836, andThe Marquis of Wellesley's Spanish Despatches, 1840. For some months in 1833–4 he was engaged on theTaxation of the British Empire, working mainly in the library of the House of Commons. He next turned to the records ofEast India House, and brought out hisHistory of the Antiquities of Eastern India (3 vols.) in 1838.[2]
Other works were:[2]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Harris, Charles Alexander (1893). "Martin, Robert Montgomery". InLee, Sidney (ed.).Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 36. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
