Robert Kean
Kean while serving
Member of theU.S. House of Representatives fromNew Jersey's12th district
In office January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1959
Preceded by	Frank William Towey, Jr.
Succeeded by	George M. Wallhauser
Personal details
Born	Robert Winthrop Kean (1893-09-28)September 28, 1893 Elberon, New Jersey, U.S.
Died	September 21, 1980(1980-09-21) (aged 86) Livingston, New Jersey, U.S.
Party	Republican
Spouse	Elizabeth Stuyvesant Howard ​ ​ (m. 1920)​
Relations	SeeKean family
Children	6, includingThomas
Education	Harvard University (BA)
Occupation	Banker

Robert Winthrop Kean (September 28, 1893 – September 21, 1980) was an AmericanRepublican Party politician from the state of New Jersey. Kean represented parts ofEssex County, New Jersey in theUnited States House of Representatives from 1939 to 1959. He retired from the Houseto run for United States Senate in 1958, but was defeated byHarrison A. Williams.

Kean was known for his expertise in the areas of taxation and Social Security. A member of the prestigious Kean family, Kean was the son of a U.S. senator (Hamilton Fish Kean) and the father of a governor of New Jersey (Thomas Kean).

Kean was born September 28, 1893, inElberon, New Jersey. His father,Hamilton Fish Kean (1862–1941), was aUnited States Senator fromNew Jersey.^[1] Kean was a member of the Kean family, one of the nation's oldest political families.^[2]

Kean became involved in politics at a young age. In 1905, his uncle assisted in having him appointed as a U.S. Senate page so he could observe the Inauguration of PresidentTheodore Roosevelt. Kean attended the1912 Republican National Convention, where he was escorted by his uncle's secretary,Donald H. McLean, with whom he would late serve in Congress. Young Kean was a Roosevelt supporter, although his uncle and father had publicly endorsed the incumbent President,William Howard Taft.^[3]

Kean was a 1911 graduate ofSt. Mark's School and a 1915 graduate ofHarvard University. He served in theNational Guard and later in theUnited States Army duringWorld War I earning the rank of lieutenant, theSilver Star, and theDistinguished Service Cross.^[4] He served under the command of GeneralJohn J. Pershing.^[3]

AfterWorld War I, Kean worked in investment banking in New Jersey andNew York City, heading a firm known as Kean, Taylor & Company. He was a founder of the Livingston National Bank.^[4] He also took on campaign responsibilities on behalf of his father, who was the Republican National Committeeman from New Jersey from 1918 to 1928. He was heavily involved in his father's successful campaign for the U.S. Senate in 1928 and his unsuccessful 1934 re-election bid.^[3]

Kean became a candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1938, running inNew Jersey's 12th congressional district, which was based inEssex County.^[5] Republicans had held the seat from 1914 until 1936, when DemocratFrank W. Towey, Jr. won it on the coattails of PresidentFranklin Roosevelt's re-election. The seat was viewed as likely to return Republican, and six Republicans sought the nomination in the September 20 primary. Kean won by a narrow 713 vote margin, 13,923 to 13,210 over Montclair Town CommissionerDallas S. Townsend.^[6] Kean was endorsed by the "Clean Government" faction of the Essex GOP, while Townsend had the backing of the "Suburban Republican" faction.^[7] In the General Election, Kean defeated Towey by 12,118 votes, 48,854 (55%) to 36,736 (41%).^[8]

Kean was re-elected in 1940 (54%), 1942 (61%), 1944 (51%), 1946 (64%), 1948 (51%), 1950 (53%), 1952 (55%), 1954 (53%), and 1956 (60%).^[9] He was not a candidate for re-election to an 11th term in 1958^[1] and was succeeded by RepublicanGeorge M. Wallhauser.^[10]

During his 20 years as a Congressman, Kean was the Ranking Minority Member of theHouse Ways and Means Committee and served on the House Banking and Currency Committee. He was considered an expert on Social Security and tax law, and was sometimes referred to as "Mr. Social Security" inWashington, D.C.^[11] Kean voted in favor of theCivil Rights Act of 1957.^[12]

Kean considered running forUnited States Senate in 1954. By early 1954, New Jersey Republican leaders had decided to withdraw party support for the incumbent senator,Robert C. Hendrickson. Kean had secured commitments of endorsements from several key GOP leaders, but he declined to announce his own campaign until Hendrickson declared his intentions publicly. Hendrickson waited until the day before the filing deadline to say he was retiring, and Kean did not run.^[13]

U.S. SenatorH. Alexander Smith decided not to seek re-election in 1958,^[14] and Kean became a candidate for the open seat in theUnited States Senate.^[1] He won the Republican primary by 23,894 votes overBernard M. Shanley, who had served as Deputy Chief of Staff to PresidentDwight Eisenhower. Kean received 152,884 votes (43.00%) to Shanley's 128,990 (36.28%).Robert J. Morris, who had served as Chief Counsel to theUnited States Senate Subcommittee on Internal Security, finished third with 73,658 votes (20.72%).^[9] Kean lost the general election to DemocratHarrison A. Williams, 966,832 votes (51.39%) to 882,287 votes (46.90%).^[9]

Kean made a political comeback in 1959, challenging incumbent William Yeomans for Republican Chairman inEssex County. Essex County Republicans were divided into two factions. Kean organized a slate of reform candidates opposed to Yeomans headed byAlfred C. Clapp, a popular former state senator and judge. Yeomans backed Essex County ProsecutorCharles V. Webb, Jr. for the State Senate, but Clapp won the nomination by a massive 20,000 vote margin (72%-28%). All twelve Assembly candidates running on the Kean/Clapp line won their primaries. Yeomans dropped his re-election bid, clearing the way for Kean to take over.^[15]

Kean had a difficult time as a party leader. Democrats performed well in the 1959 and 1961 elections. Kean backed Bergen County State SenatorWalter H. Jones, the losing candidate in the 1961 Republican gubernatorial primary. A Kean rival, former U.S. AttorneyWilliam F. Tompkins, challenged Kean for re-election in 1961 after Tompkins' candidate, former U.S. Secretary of Labor,James P. Mitchell, won the gubernatorial nomination. Kean defeated Tompkins, 409 to 268.^[16]

Kean stepped down as county chairman in 1962.^[17]

Kean married Elizabeth Stuyvesant Howard on October 18, 1920, inNew York City. Following the death of his uncle, Alexander Kean, in 1922, Kean inherited an estate and mansion inLivingston, New Jersey, where they moved in 1924.^[3] They had six children: three sons, Robert, Hamilton, and Thomas, and three daughters, Elizabeth, Rose, and Katharine.^[18]

Kean's son, Thomas Kean, served as speaker of theNew Jersey General Assembly, asgovernor of New Jersey, and as chairman of the9/11 Commission following theSeptember 11 attacks.^[19]

Kean's grandchildren include politicianThomas Kean Jr. and authorLeslie Kean.

Kean died in Livingston on September 21, 1980, aged 86, atSaint Barnabas Medical Center following aheart attack.^[4]

Kean University is named in honor of Robert Kean and the Kean family, and itsLiberty Hall Campus houses the historic property and home of the Kean family.^[4]

• United States Congress."Robert Kean (id: K000029)".Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved on January 26, 2008.
• New Jersey Election Results Retrieved on October 25, 2023.

• 1893 births
• 1980 deaths
• Harvard University alumni
• Kean family
• People from Livingston, New Jersey
• Politicians from Monmouth County, New Jersey
• Politicians from Long Branch, New Jersey
• Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
• Recipients of the Silver Star
• Republican Party United States representatives from New Jersey
• St. Mark's School (Massachusetts) alumni
• United States Army officers
• United States Army personnel of World War I
• Winthrop family
• 20th-century United States representatives

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