 | This articleusesbare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable tolink rot. Please consider converting them tofull citations to ensure the article remainsverifiable and maintains a consistent citation style.Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such asreFill (documentation) andCitation bot (documentation).(August 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Robert Hormats | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 18thUnder Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment | |
| In office September 23, 2009 – July 31, 2013 | |
| President | Barack Obama |
| Preceded by | Reuben Jeffery III |
| Succeeded by | Catherine A. Novelli |
| 15thAssistant Secretary of State for Economic and Business Affairs | |
| In office 1981–1982 | |
| Preceded by | Deane R. Hinton |
| Succeeded by | Richard T. McCormack |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1943-04-13)April 13, 1943 (age 82) |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Alma mater | Tufts University (BA,MA,PhD) |
Robert David "Bob" Hormats[1] (born April 13, 1943, inBaltimore,Maryland)[2] is Vice Chairman ofKissinger Associates.[3]
Hormats graduated from the high schoolBaltimore City College in 1961.
Graduated fromTufts University, he received aBachelor of Arts degree (with a concentration in economics and political science) in 1965, aMaster of Arts in Law and Diplomacy in 1966, and aDoctor of Philosophy degree in international economics in 1970.[2][4][5]
Prior he served asUnder Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment (at the time, entitled Under Secretary of State for Economic, Business, and Agricultural Affairs) from 2009 to 2013. Hormats was formerlyVice Chairman ofGoldman Sachs (International), which he joined in 1982. He served as Senior Deputy Assistant Secretary, from 1977 to 1979, and Assistant Secretary of State, from 1981 to 1982, at the Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs (formerlyBureau of Economic, Energy, and Business Affairs).
He was Ambassador and DeputyUnited States Trade Representative from 1979 to 1981. He served as a senior staff member for International Economic Affairs on theUnited States National Security Council from 1969 to 1977, where he was senior economic adviser toHenry Kissinger, GeneralBrent Scowcroft andZbigniew Brzezinski. He helped to manage theNixon administration's opening of diplomatic relations with China's communist government. He was a recipient of theFrench Legion of Honor in 1982 and theArthur S. Flemming Award in 1974.[4][6]
Hormats has been a visiting lecturer atPrinceton University and served on the Board of Visitors of theFletcher School of Law and Diplomacy atTufts University and the Dean’s Council of theJohn F. Kennedy School of Government atHarvard University.[4]
His publications includeThe Price of Liberty: Paying for America's Wars from the Revolution to the War on Terror;Abraham Lincoln and the Global Economy;American Albatross: The Foreign Debt Dilemma; andReforming the International Monetary System. Other publications include articles inForeign Affairs,Foreign Policy,The New York Times,The Washington Post,The Wall Street Journal,American Banker andThe Financial Times.[4]
Hormats is an honorarytrustee of theInstitute for Education (IFE).[7] He played a role in the founding of theCenter for International Education (CIE) at theWashington International School.[8]
He is a member ofSecuring America's Future Energy (SAFE), theEconomic Club of New York, theInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development, theIrvington Institute for Immunological Research,Engelhard Corporation, and a former member of theRockefeller Center Club, thePacific Council on Foreign Policy, andFreedom House.[9][10] Hormats is also a member of board of directors of theOverseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC)[11] Hormats has been a guest scholar at theBrookings Institution and a visiting lecturer atPrinceton University. He is a member of theTrilateral Commission and is on the board of directors of theHungarian-American Enterprise Fund, and theCouncil on Foreign Relations, as well as being on the board of overseers ofTufts University.[12]
Hormats is a member of theAtlantic Council' s[13] Board of Directors.
Hormats has been a supporter of legislation that would increase investments ininfrastructure in America through a national bank that would developpublic-private partnerships for large transportation projects. "It's a high national priority," Hormats toldCongressional Quarterly in March 2008. "Public-private cooperation is a really critical part. The needs are urgent."[14] He and others argue that U.S.transportation infrastructure has lagged behind foreign competitors. Unless the country picks up the pace, it will not be able to support its growing trade and population.[15]
He is an advocate of enhancing intelligence capabilities, modernizing military equipment and spending more money on preparing first-responders like firemen and emergency medical technicians for crises.[16] He worries that future presidential administrations will spend less than they should on homeland security because to do so will require raising taxes or cutting non-defense programs. He also worries that the unpopularity of the Iraq war will cause the country to reduce its military presence overseas.[17]
Hormats has argued that China and America are financially intertwined. It would not be in China’s financial interest, he argued, to destabilize the dollar by recalling the country’s vast loans to the U.S. Doing so would result in a shrunken export market for China. Hormats calls this MAD—mutually assured depression. In 2004, the government fined Goldman Sachs $2 million for illegally and selectively promoting the stock of four Asian companies that were about to go public. According to theSecurities and Exchange Commission, Hormats and others "made illegal offerings of securities to select customers in 1999 and 2000 and made inappropriate statements to the press." Hormats told four media outlets thatPetroChina, a Chinese-based oil producer, was not invested inDarfur. The disclosure was illegal under SEC rules, because the company had not yet gone public, and Hormats would not have been allowed to comment until it had done so.[18][19]
Hormats is Jewish. On November 16, 2009, Hormats received the Executive Leadership Award from theAish Center.[20] Hormats was married in 2015 to Catherine Azmoodeh, a woman 40 years his junior. It was the first marriage for each.[21]
| Government offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment September 23, 2009 – July 31, 2013 | Succeeded by |
